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Current Selection Filters |
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Radiation
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The biological risks of continuous exposure to high-energy galactic cosmic-ray particles [from energetic protons with low linear energy transfer (LET) to nuclei of high atomic number and very high energies with high LET], and transient radiation from solar proton events (SPEs) are: early or acute effects, carcinogenesis, CNS damage, and effects on fertility, sterility and heredity; and synergistic effects from radiation, microgravity, and other environmental factors. Risk assessment and acceptability standards are required for these effects. Development of an early warning system is critical. Countermeasures include new shielding materials, SPE warning systems, scheduling of missions and tasks, crew screening and selection criteria for individuals at "less risk" and development of chemopreventive, radioprotectants.
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