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Vassilios
Skouris
Born 1948; graduated in law from the Free University, Berlin
(1970); awarded doctorate in constitutional and administrative
law at Hamburg University
(1973); Assistant Professor at Hamburg University (1972-77); Professor
of Public Law at Bielefeld University (1978); Professor of Public Law
at the University of Thessaloniki (1982); Minister of Internal
Affairs (1989
and 1996); Member of the Administrative Board of the University of Crete
(1983-87); Director of the Centre for International and European Economic
Law, Thessaloniki (from 1997); President of the Greek Association for
European Law (1992-94); Member of the Greek National Research
Committee (1993-95);
Member of the Higher Selection Board for Greek Civil Servants (1994-96);
Member of the Academic Council of the Academy of European Law, Trier
(from 1995); Member of the Administrative Board of the
Greek National Judges'
College (1995-96); Member of the Scientific Committee of the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1997-99); President of the Greek Economic
and Social Council
in 1998; Judge at the Court of Justice since 8 June 1999; President of
the Court of Justice since 7 October 2003. |
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Jean-Pierre
Puissochet
Born 1936; State Counsellor (France); Director, subsequently Director-General,
of the Legal Service of the Council of the European Communities (1968-73);
Director-General of the Agence nationale pour l'emploi (1973-75); Director
of General Administration, Ministry of Industry (1977-79); Director of
Legal Affairs of the OECD (1979-85); Director of the Institut international
d'administration publique (1985-87); Jurisconsult, Director of Legal
Affairs in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1987-94); Judge at the Court
of Justice since 7 October 1994. |
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Philippe Léger
Born 1938; A member of the judiciary serving at the Ministry
for Justice (1966-70); Head of, and subsequently Technical
Adviser at, the Private
Office of the Minister for Living Standards in 1976; Technical Adviser
at the Private Office of the Garde des Sceaux (1976-78); Deputy Director
of Criminal Affairs and Reprieves at the Ministry of Justice (1978-83);
Senior Member of the Court of Appeal, Paris (1983-86); Deputy Director
of the Private Office of theMinister for Justice, Minister
for Justice (1986); President of the Regional Court at Bobigny (1986-93);
Head of
the Private
Office of the Minister
for Justice, and Advocate General at the Court of Appeal, Paris (1993-94);
Associate Professor at René Descartes
University (Paris V) (1988-93); Advocate General at the Court of Justice
since 7 October 1994. |
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Peter
Jann
Born 1935; Doctor of Law of the University of Vienna (1957); appointed
Judge and assigned to the Federal Ministry of Justice (1961); Judge in
press matters at the Straf-Bezirksgericht, Vienna (1963-66); spokesman
of the Federal Ministry of Justice (1966-70) and subsequently appointed
to the international affairs department of that Ministry; Adviser to the
Justice Committee and spokesman at the Parliament (1973-78); appointed
as Member of the Constitutional Court (1978); permanent Judge-Rapporteur
at that court until the end of 1994; Judge at the Court of Justice since
19 January 1995. |
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Dámaso
Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer
Born 1949; Judge at the Consejo General del Poder
Judicial (General Council of the Judiciary); Professor; Head
of the Private Office of the President of the Consejo General
del Poder Judicial; ad hoc Judge to the European Court of Human
Rights; Judge at the Tribunal Supremo (Supreme Court) from
1996; Advocate General at the Court of Justice since 19 January
1995. |
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Romain
Schintgen
Born 1939; General Administrator at the Ministry of Labour;
President of the Economic and Social Council; Director of
the Société nationale
de crédit et d'investissement and of the Société européenne
des satellites; Government Representative on the European Social Fund Committee,
the Advisory Committee on Freedom of Movement for Workers and the Administrative
Board of the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working
Conditions; Judge at the Court of First Instance from 25 September 1989
to 11 July 1996; Judge at the Court of Justice since 12 July 1996. |
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Ninon Colneric
Born 1948; studied in Tübingen,
Munich and Geneva; following a period of academic research
in London, awarded a doctorate in law by the university
of Munich; Judge at the Arbeitsgericht Oldenburg; authorised, by the University
of Bremen, to teach labour law, sociology of law and social law; Professor ad interim at the faculty of law of the universities of Frankfurt
and Bremen; President of the Landesarbeitsgericht Schleswig-Holstein (1989);
collaboration,
as expert, on the European Expertise Service (EU) project for the reform
of the labour law of Kirghizstan (1994-95); Honorary Professor at the
University of Bremen in labour law, specifically in European labour law;
Judge at the Court of Justice since 15 July 2000. |
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Stig von Bahr
Born 1939; has worked with the Parliamentary Ombudsman and
in the Swedish Cabinet Office and ministries inter alia
as assistant under-secretary
in the Ministry of Finance; appointed Judge in the Kammarrätten
(Administrative Court of Appeal), Gothenburg, in 1981 and Justice of
the Regeringsrätten (Supreme Administrative Court) in 1985; has
collaborated on a large number of official reports, mainly on the subject
of tax legislation and accounting; has been inter alia Chairman of the
Committee on Inflation-Adjusted Taxation of Income, Chairman of the Accounting
Committee and Special Rapporteur for the Committee on Rules for Taxation
of Private Company Owners; has also been Chairman of the Accounting Standards
Board and Member of the Board of the National Courts Administration and
the Board of the Financial Supervisory Authority; has published a large
number of articles, mainly on the subject of tax legislation; Judge at
the Court of Justice since 7 October 2000. |
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Antonio Tizzano
Born 1940; various teaching assignments at Italian universities; Legal
Counsel to Italy's Permanent Representation to the European Communities
(1984-92); Member of the Bar at the Court of Cassation and other higher
courts; Member of the Italian delegation in international negotiations
and at intergovernmental conferences including those on the Single
European Act and the Maastricht Treaty; various editorial positions;
Member of the Independent Group of Experts appointed to examine the
finances of the European Commission (1999); Professor of European Law,
Director of the Institute of International and European Law (University
of Rome); Advocate General at the Court of Justice from 7 October 2000
to 3 May 2006; Judge at the Court of Justice since 4 May 2006.
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José Narciso da Cunha
Rodrigues
Born 1940; various offices within the judiciary (1964-77); Government
assignments to carry out and coordinate studies on reform of the judicial
system; Government Agent to the European Commission of Human Rights and
the European Court of Human Rights (1980-84); Expert on the Human Rights
Steering Committee of the Council of Europe (1980-85); Member of the
Review Commission of the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure;
Attorney General (1984-2000); Member of the Supervisory Committee of
the European Union Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) (1999-2000); Judge at the
Court of Justice since 7 October 2000.
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Christiaan Willem Anton Timmermans
Born 1941; Legal Secretary at the Court of Justice of the European Communities
(1966-69); official of the European Commission (1969-77); Doctor of
Laws (University of Leiden); Professor of European Law at the University
of Groningen (1977-89); Deputy Justice at Arnhem Court of Appeal; various
editorial positions; Deputy Director-General at the Legal Service of
the European Commission (1989-2000); Professor of European Law at the
University of Amsterdam; Judge at the Court of Justice since 7 October
2000.
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Leendert A. Geelhoed
Born 1942; Research Assistant, University of Utrecht (1970-71); Legal Secretary
at the Court of Justice of the European Communities (1971-74); Senior
Adviser, Ministry of Justice (1975-82); Member of the Advisory Council
on Government Policy (1983-90); various teaching assignments; Secretary-General,
Ministry of Economic Affairs (1990-97); Secretary-General, Ministry of
General Affairs (1997-2000); Advocate General at the Court of Justice
since 7 October 2000. |
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Christine Stix-Hackl
Born 1957; Doctor of Laws (University of Vienna), postgraduate
studies in European Law at the College of Europe, Bruges;
member of the Austrian
Diplomatic Service (from 1982); expert on European Union matters in the
office of the Legal Adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1985-88);
Legal Service of the European Commission (1989); Head of the “Legal
Service – EU” in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1992-2000,
Minister Plenipotentiary); participated in the negotiations on the European
Economic Area and on the accession of the Republic of Austria to the
European Union; Agent of the Republic of Austria at the Court of Justice
of the European Communities from 1995; Austrian Consul-General in Zurich
(2000); teaching assignments and publications; Advocate-General at the
Court of Justice since 7 October 2000. |
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Allan Rosas
Born 1948; Doctor of Laws (1977) of the University of Turku
(Finland); Professor of Law at the University of Turku
(1978-81) and at the Åbo
Akademi University (Turku/Åbo) (1981-96); Director of the latter’s
Institute for Human Rights (1985-95); various international and national
academic positions of responsibility and memberships of learned societies;
coordinated several international and national research projects and
programmes, including in the fields of EU law, international law, humanitarian
and human rights law, constitutional law and comparative public administration;
represented the Finnish Government as member of, or adviser to, Finnish
delegations at various international conferences and meetings; expert
functions in relation to Finnish legal life, including in governmental
law commissions and committees of the Finnish Parliament, as well as
the UN, UNESCO, OSCE (CSCE) and the Council of Europe; from 1995 Principal
Legal Adviser at the Legal Service of the European Commission, in charge
of external relations; from March 2001, Deputy Director-General of the
European Commission Legal Service; Judge at the Court of Justice since
17 January 2002. |
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Rosario
Silva de Lapuerta
Born 1954; Bachelor of Laws (Universidad Complutense, Madrid);
Abogado del Estado in Malaga; Abogado del Estado at the Legal
Service of the Ministry
of Transport, Tourism and Communication and, subsequently, at the Legal
Service of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Head Abogado del Estado of
the State Legal Service for Cases before the Court of Justice of the European
Communities and Deputy Director-General of the Community and International
Legal Assistance Department (Ministry of Justice); Member of the Commission
think tank on the future of the Community judicial system; Head of the
Spanish delegation in the "Friends of the Presidency" Group with
regard to the reform of the Community judicial system in the Treaty of
Nice and of the Council ad hoc working party on the Court of Justice; Professor
of Community law at the Diplomatic School, Madrid; Co-director of the journal
Noticias de la Unión Europea; Judge at the Court of Justice since
7 October 2003. |
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Koen
Lenaerts
Born 1954; lic.iuris, Ph.D. in Law (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven); Master
of Laws, Master in Public Administration (Harvard University); Lecturer
(1979-83), subsequently Professor of European Law, Katholieke Universiteit
Leuven (since 1983); Legal Secretary at the Court of Justice (1984-85);
Professor at the College of Europe, Bruges (1984-89); Member of the Brussels
Bar (1986-89); Visiting Professor at the Harvard Law School (1989); Judge
at the Court of First Instance of the European Communities from 25 September
1989 to 6 October 2003; Judge at the Court of Justice since 7 October 2003. |
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Juliane
Kokott
Born 1957; Law studies (Universities of Bonn and Geneva);
LL.M. (American University/Washington DC); Doctor of Laws
(Heidelberg University, 1985;
Harvard University,1990); visiting professor at the University of California,
Berkeley (1991); Professor of German and foreign public law, international
law and European law at the Universities of Augsburg (1992), Heidelberg
(1993) and Düsseldorf
(1994); deputy judge for the Federal Government at the Court of Conciliation
and Arbitration of the Organisation for Security
and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE); Deputy Chair of the Federal Government's
Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU, 1996); Professor of International
Law, International Business Law and European Law at the University of
St Gallen (1999); Director of the Institute for European and International
Business Law at the University of St Gallen (2000); Deputy Director of
the Master of Business Law programme at the University of St Gallen (2001);
Advocate General at the Court of Justice since 7 October 2003. |
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Luís Miguel
Poiares Pessoa Maduro
Born 1967; degree in law (University of Lisbon, 1990); assistant lecturer
(European University Institute, 1991); Doctor of Laws (European University
Institute, Florence, 1996); visiting professor (London School of Economics;
College of Europe, Natolin; Ortega y Gasset Institute, Madrid; Catholic
University, Portugal; Institute
of European Studies, Macao); Professor (Universidade Nova, Lisbon, 1997);
Fulbright Visiting Research Fellow (Harvard University, 1998); co-director
of the Academy of International Trade Law; co-editor (Hart Series on European
Law and Integration, European Law Journal) and member of the editorial
board of several law journals; Advocate General at the Court of Justice
since 7 October 2003. |
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Konrad Hermann
Theodor Schiemann
Born 1937; Law degrees at Cambridge University; Barrister
1964-80. Queen’s
Counsel 1980-86. Justice of the High Court of England and
Wales 1986-95; Lord Justice of Appeal 1995-2003;
Bencher from 1985 and Treasurer in 2003 of the Honourable
Society of the Inner Temple; Judge at the Court of Justice
since 8
January 2004. |
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Jerzy Makarczyk
Born 1938; Doctor of Laws (1966); Professor of Public International
Law (1974); Senior Visiting Fellow at the University of Oxford
(1985); Professor at the International Christian University,
Tokyo (1988); author of several works on public international
law, European Community law and human rights law; member of
several learned societies in the field of international law,
European law and human rights law; Negotiator for the Polish
Government for the withdrawal of Russian troops from Poland;
Under-Secretary of State, then Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs (1989-92); Chairman of the Polish delegation to the
General Assembly of the United Nations; Judge at the European
Court of Human Rights (1992-2002); President of the Institut
de droit international (2003); Advisor to the President of
the Republic of Poland on foreign policy and human rights (2002-04);
Judge at the Court of Justice since 11 May 2004.
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Pranas Kūris
Born 1938; graduated in law from the University of Vilnius
(1961); Doctorate in legal science, University of Moscow
(1965); Doctor in legal science (Dr. hab), University of
Moscow (1973); Research Assistant at the Institut des hautes études
internationales (Director: Professor C. Rousseau), University
of Paris (1967-68); Member of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
(1996); Doctor honoris causa of the Law University of Lithuania
(2001); various teaching and administrative duties at the
University of Vilnius (1961-90); Lecturer, Assistant Professor,
Professor of Public International Law, Dean of the Faculty
of Law; several governmental posts in the Lithuanian Diplomatic
Service and Lithuanian Ministry of Justice; Minister for
Justice (1990-91), Member of the State Council (1991), Ambassador
of the Republic of Lithuania to Belgium, Luxembourg and the
Netherlands (1992-94); Judge at the (old) European Court
of Human Rights (June 1994 to November 1998); Judge at the
Supreme Court of Lithuania and subsequently President of
the Supreme Court (December 1994 to October 1998); Judge
at the European Court of Human Rights (from November 1998);
participated in several international conferences; member
of the delegation of the Republic of Lithuania for negotiations
with the USSR (1990-92); author of numerous publications
(approximately 200); Judge at the Court of Justice since
11 May 2004. |
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Endre Juhász
Born 1944; graduated in law from the University of Szeged,
Hungary (1967); Hungarian Bar Entrance Examinations (1970);
post-graduate studies in comparative law, University of
Strasbourg, France (1969, 1970, 1971, 1972); Official
in the Legal Department
of the Ministry of Foreign Trade (1966-74), Director for
Legislative Matters (1973-74); First Commercial Secretary
at the Hungarian Embassy, Brussels, responsible for European
Community issues (1974-79); Director at the Ministry of
Foreign Trade (1979-83); First Commercial Secretary,
then Commercial
Counsellor to the Hungarian Embassy in Washington DC, USA
(1983-89); Director-General of the Ministry of Trade and
Ministry of International Economic Relations (1989-91);
Chief negotiator for the Association Agreement
between Hungary and the European Communities and their
Member States (1990-91);
Secretary-General of the Ministry of International Economic
Relations, Head of the Office of European Affairs (1992);
State Secretary at the Ministry of International Economic
Relations (1993-94); State Secretary, President of the
Office of European Affairs, Ministry of Industry and
Trade (1994);
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Chief of
Mission of the Republic of Hungary to the European
Union (January
1995 to May 2003); Chief negotiator for the accession of
the Republic of Hungary to the European Union (July 1998
to April 2003); Minister without portfolio for the coordination
of matters of European integration (from May 2003); Judge
at the Court of Justice since 11 May 2004. |
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George Arestis
Born 1945; Graduated in law from the University of Athens
(1968); M.A. in Comparative Politics and Government,
University of Kent at Canterbury (1970); practice as a lawyer
in Cyprus (1972-82); appointed District Court Judge (1982);
Promoted to the post of President of the District Court
(1995); Administrative President of the District Court of
Nicosia (1997-2003); Judge at the Supreme Court of Cyprus
(2003); Judge at the Court of Justice since 11 May 2004. |
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Anthony
Borg Barthet U.O.M.
Born 1947; Doctorate in Law at the Royal University of Malta
in 1973; entered the Maltese Civil Service as Notary to the
Government in 1975; Counsel for the Republic in 1978, Senior
Counsel for the Republic in 1979, Assistant Attorney General
in 1988 and appointed Attorney General by the President of
Malta in 1989; part-time lecturer in civil law at the University
of Malta (1985-89); Member of the Council of the University
of Malta (1998-2004); Member of the Commission for the Administration
of Justice (1994-2004); Member of the Board of Governors of
the Malta Arbitration Centre (1998-2004); Judge at the Court
of Justice since 11 May 2004. |
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Marko Ilešič
Born 1947; Doctor of Law (University
of Ljubljana); specialism in comparative law (Universities
of Strasbourg and Coimbra);
Member of the Bar; Judge at the Labour Court, Ljubljana (1975-86);
President of the Sports Tribunal (1978-86); Arbitrator at
the Arbitration Court of the Triglav Insurance Company (1990-98);
Chairman of the Stock Exchange Appellate Chamber (from 1995);
Arbitrator at the Stock Exchange Arbitration Court (from
1998);
Arbitrator at the Chamber of Commerce of Yugoslavia (until
1991) and Slovenia (from 1991); Arbitrator at the International
Chamber of Commerce in Paris; Judge at the Board of Appeals
of UEFA (from 1988) and FIFA (from 2000); President of the
Union of Slovenian Lawyers' Associations; Member of the International
Law Association, of the International Maritime Committee and
of several other international legal societies; Professor
of Civil Law, Commercial Law and Private International Law;
Dean
of the Faculty of Law at the University of Ljubljana; author
of numerous legal publications; Judge at the Court of Justice
since 11 May 2004. |
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Jirí Malenovský
Born 1950; Doctor of Law from the Charles University in
Prague (1975); Senior faculty member (1974-90), Vice-Dean
(1989-91)
and Head of the Department of International and European
Law (1990-92) at Masaryk University in Brno; Judge at the
Constitutional Court of Czechoslovakia (1992); Envoy to
the Council of Europe (1993-98); President of the Committee
of
Ministers’ Deputies
of the Council of Europe (1995); Senior Director at the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1998-2000);
President of the Czech and Slovak branch of the International
Law Association (1999-2001); Judge at the Constitutional
Court (2000-04); Member of the Legislative Council (1998-2000);
Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague
(2000); Professor of Public International Law at Masaryk
University, Brno (2001); Judge at the Court of Justice
since 11 May 2004. |
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Ján Klučka
Born 1951; Doctor of Law from the University of Bratislava
(1974); Professor of International Law at Kosice University
(since 1975); Judge at the Constitutional Court (1993); Member
of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague (1994);
Member of the Venice Commission (1994); Chairman of the Slovakian
Association of International Law (2002); Judge at the Court
of Justice since 11 May 2004. |
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Uno Lõhmus
Born 1952; Doctor of Law in 1986; Member of the Bar (1977-98);
Visiting Professor of Criminal Law at Tartu University; Judge
at the European Court of Human Rights (1994-98); Chief Justice
of the Supreme Court of Estonia (1998-2004); Member of the
Committee for Legal Expertise of the Constitution; consultant
to the working group drafting the Criminal Code; member of
the working group for the drafting of the Criminal Procedure
Code; author of several works on human rights and constitutional
law; Judge at the Court of Justice since 11 May 2004. |
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Egils Levits
Born 1955; graduated in law and in political science from
the University of Hamburg; research assistant at the
Faculty
of Law, University of Kiel; Advisor to Latvian Parliament
on questions of international law, constitutional law and
legislative reform; Latvian Ambassador to Germany and Switzerland
(1992-93), Austria, Switzerland and Hungary (1994-95);
Vice Prime Minister and Minister for Justice, acting
Minister
for Foreign Affairs (1993-94); Conciliator at the Court
of Conciliation and Arbitration within OSCE (from 1997);
Member
of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (from 2001); elected
as Judge to the European Court of Human Rights in 1995,
re-elected in 1998 and 2001; numerous publications
in the spheres of
constitutional and administrative law, law reform
and European Community law; Judge at the Court of Justice
since 11 May
2004. |
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Aindrias Ó Caoimh
Born 1950; Bachelor in Civil Law (National University of
Ireland, University College Dublin, 1971); Barrister
(King's Inns,
1972); Diploma in European Law (University College Dublin,
1977); Barrister (Bar of Ireland, 1972-99); Lecturer in
European Law (King's Inns, Dublin); Senior Counsel
(1994-99); Representative
of the Government of Ireland on many occasions before the
Court of Justice of the European Communities; Judge at
the High Court (from 1999); Bencher of the Honourable
Society
of King's Inns (since 1999); Vice-President of the Irish
Society of European Law; member of the International Law
Association (Irish Branch); Son of Judge Andreas O'Keeffe
(Aindrias Ó Caoimh)
member of the Court of Justice 1974-85; Judge at the Court
of Justice since 13 October 2004. |
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Lars Bay Larsen
Born 1953; awarded degrees in political science (1976)
and law (1983) at the University of Copenhagen; Official
at the
Ministry of Justice (1983-85); Lecturer (1984-91), then
Associate Professor (1991-96), in family law at the
University of Copenhagen;
Head of Section at the Advokatsamfund (Danish Bar Association)
(1985-86); Head of Section (1986-91) at the Ministry of
Justice; called to the Bar (1991); Head of Division
(1991-95), Head
of the Police Department (1995-99) and Head of the Law
Department (2000-03) at the Ministry of Justice; Danish
representative
on the K-4 Committee (1995-2000), the Schengen Central
Group (1996-98) and the Europol Management Board (1998-2000);
Judge
at the Højesteret (Supreme Court) (2003-06); Judge at the
Court of Justice from
10 January 2006. |
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Eleanor Sharpston
Born 1955; studied economics, languages and law at King’s
College, Cambridge (1973-77); university teaching and
research at Corpus
Christi College, Oxford (1977-80); called to the Bar (Middle
Temple, 1980); Barrister (1980-87 and 1990-2005); Legal Secretary
in the Chambers of Advocate General, subsequently Judge,
Sir Gordon Slynn (1987-90); Lecturer in EC and comparative
law
(Director of European Legal Studies) at University College
London (1990-92); Lecturer in the Faculty of Law (1992-98),
and subsequently Affiliated Lecturer (1998-2005), at the
University of Cambridge; Fellow of King’s College,
Cambridge (since 1992);
Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for European Legal Studies
of the University of Cambridge (1998-2005); Queen’s Counsel
(1999); Bencher of Middle Temple (2005);
Advocate General at the Court of Justice from 10 January
2006. |
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Paolo Mengozzi
Born 1938; Professor of International Law and holder of the
Jean Monnet Chair of European Community law at the University
of Bologna; Doctor honoris causa of the Carlos III University,
Madrid; visiting professor at the Johns Hopkins University
(Bologna Center), the Universities of St. Johns (New
York), Georgetown, Paris-II, Georgia (Athens) and the
Institut universitaire international (Luxembourg); co-ordinator
of the European Business Law Pallas Program of the University
of Nijmegen; member of the consultative committee of
the Commission of the European Communities on public
procurement; Under-Secretary of State for Trade and Industry
during the Italian tenure of the Presidency of the Council;
member of the working group of the European Community
on the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and director of
the 1997 session of The Hague Academy of International
Law research centre devoted to the WTO; Judge at the
Court of First Instance from 4 March 1998 to 3 May 2006;
Advocate General at the Court of Justice since 4
May 2006. |
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Roger Grass
Born 1948; Graduate of the Institut d'études politiques, Paris,
and awarded higher degree in public law; Deputy Procureur de la République
attached to the Tribunal de grande instance, Versailles; Principal Administrator
at the Court of Justice; Secretary-General in the office of the Procureur
Général attached to the Court of Appeal, Paris; Private Office
of the Minister for Justice; Legal Secretary to the President of the Court
of Justice; Registrar at the Court of Justice since 10 February 1994. |