Turbulence measurements in positive surges and bores

Koch, Christian and Chanson, Hubert (2009) Turbulence measurements in positive surges and bores. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 47 1: 29-40.

Document type: Journal Article
Sub-type: Article
Collections: 2010 Higher Education Research Data Collection
School of Civil Engineering Publications
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Author(s) Koch, Christian
Chanson, Hubert
Title Turbulence measurements in positive surges and bores
Journal name Journal of Hydraulic Research  (ERA 2012 Listed)    (ERA 2010 Rank A)
Publication date 2009
Sub-type Article
Year available 2009
Volume number 47
Issue number 1
ISSN 0022-1686 (print); 1814-2079 (online)
Start page 29
End page 40
Total pages 12
Editor(s) W.H. Hager
Place of publication Madrid
Publisher International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research
Collection year 2010
Language eng
Subject 090509 Water Resources Engineering
C1
970109 Expanding Knowledge in Engineering
Abstract A positive surge results from a sudden change in flow that increases the flow depth. New experiments were conducted in a large channel. Most positive surge tests were conducted with a horizontal bed slope, a constant flow rate and uncontrolled flow conditions. The only dependant variable was the downstream gate opening after closure. Detailed turbulence measurements were performed with high-temporal resolution using side-looking acoustic Doppler velocimetry. Two types of positive surge were observed: undular surge for Froude numbers less than 1.7, and weak (breaking) surges above. Instantaneous velocity measurements beneath advancing surges showed a marked effect of the surge passage on the velocity field. Streamwise velocities showed rapid flow deceleration at all vertical elevations. Large fluctuations of longitudinal and transverse velocities were recorded beneath the surges, including some unsteady flow recirculation beneath a weak surge front. Turbulent stresses were deduced from high-pass filtered data. The results showed large normal and tangential Reynolds stresses beneath the surges. A comparison between undular and weak surges suggested some major difference. In weak surge flows, the data showed rapid flow separation beneath the surge front. In undular surges, maximum Reynolds stresses were observed beneath and just before each wave crest behind the leading wave.
Keyword(s) Tidal bores
Positive surges
Undular bores
Breaking bores
Physical modelling
Acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV)
Unsteady turbulence
Turbulent velocity measurements
Q-Index Code C1
Additional Notes The full bibliographic details are: KOCH, C., and CHANSON, H. (2009). "Turbulence Measurements in Positive Surges and Bores." Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 29-40 (DOI: 10.3826/jhr.2009.2954) (ISSN 0022-1686).
 
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