The nobility shown here under "Northern France" is grouped together for geographic convenience. The area never developed as a single political entity at any time during the medieval period, for the reasons suggested below.

The territory corresponds approximately to the present-day French départements of Pas-de-Calais, Somme, Nord and Aisne, as well as what was the non-imperial part of the county of Flanders. In the middle medieval period, the area was bordered to the south-west by the duchy of Normandy, to the south by the domaine royale of the Capetian kings of France, to the south-east by the county of Champagne and to the east by imperial territory. Ecclesiastically, it fell within the province of Reims, and was divided into the bishoprics of Amiens, Arras, Cambrai (an archbishopric from the 16th century, when it was subdivided into the bishoprics of Antwerp and Mechelen), Laon, Noyon, Thérouanne (later divided into the bishoprics of Boulogne, Ypres and St Omer) and Tournai (from which Bruges and Gent were established as separate bishoprics in the 16th century)[1].

The area was dominated in the north by the counts of Flanders and in the south by the counts of Vermandois. The fairly balanced rivalry between these two counties appears to have been the major factor which prevented the emergence of a single political force in northern France during the early 10th century. The county of Flanders was formed around Bruges in 863, when Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks granted the pagus flandrensis to Baudouin, who had earlier abducted the king's daughter. The grant was subsequently expanded to include Ternois, the land of Waas and the lay abbacy of St Pieter of Gent[2]. Baudouin II Count of Flanders further expanded the family's territory into Courtrai, Boulogne and Ternois. The county of Vermandois was formed by Héribert, a descendant of the early Carolingian kings of Italy whose direct ancestors had established themselves as counts in the area north of Paris. Héribert acquired Vermandois and Saint-Quentin in 896, followed by Soissons in 898[3]. His son count Héribert [II] acquired control over the archbishopric of Reims by engineering the appointment of his infant son as archbishop in 925. He also acquired Amiens, the Vexin and Artois, although these territories were disputed by Arnoul I Count of Flanders. The rivalry between the counts of Vermandois and the counts of Flanders was triggered in 896 by the murder of the brother of Baudouin II Count of Flanders by the forces of count Héribert [I]. It persisted throughout the first half of the 10th century. The two power-bases appear to have been fairly evenly balanced, the result being that neither was able to dominate the whole of northern France. Another factor which must have rendered domination by either side more difficult was that the territory of the bishopric of Cambrai, directly north of Vermandois and south of Flanders, had been allocated to Lotharingia under the 843 treaty of Verdun, while the rest of northern France fell within the kingdom of the West Franks. Cambrai therefore represented a political barrier to either side extending control into the eastern part of the other's territory. Both the Flanders and Vermandois families lost political power during the early part of the second half of the 10th century. The territory of the Vermandois family was partitioned after the death of count Héribert [II] in 943 to provide appanages for his three sons, none of whom appears to have inherited their father's energy. In the following century, most of the county of Vermandois passed by inheritance into the domaine royale of the Capetian kings. In Flanders, count Arnoul was succeeded in 965 by his infant grandson, under the guardianship of the French king Lothaire who was able to take control over Artois and Ostrevant, thereby establishing a permanent barrier to any further southward expansion by Flanders.

During the late 9th and 10th centuries counties are recorded at Cambrai (see LOWER LOTHARINGIAN NOBILITY) and Laon, to the north and east of Vermandois. The details of the history of the county of Laon are obscure. Roger II Count of Laon was dispossessed in 931.

The area around Ponthieu, which extended approximately from the river Canche in the north to the river Somme in the south, was conquered by Arnoul I Count of Flanders in [940]. It developed into a separate county in the early 11th century, based around territory which was granted by Hugues "Capet" King of France to Hugues, avocat de Saint-Riquier, who had married the king's daughter some time in the 980s. The county was inherited by the Norman family of Bellême/Montgommery in the late 11th century, and by the family of the counts of Dammartin in the early 1220s. A disputed inheritance resulted in the county passing into English control in 1281.

The county of Guines was founded in 928 by the Viking Siegfried in the northern coastal part of the county of Boulogne, his descendants in the male line continuing to rule the county, according to the 12th century Historia Comitum Ghisnensium, until 1137. In the following decade, the county passed by marriage to the family of the Burggraafen of Gent who continued to rule it until the late 13th century.

In the southern part of Ternois, the county of Saint-Pol was formed in the early 11th century, as a fiefdom of the county of Boulogne. The county remained in the same family until the late 12th century when it passed by marriage to the Seigneurs de Châtillon-sur-Marne, a noble family from Champagne.

Families of the lesser nobility also included in this document are the Châtelains de Bourbourg, from the early 12th century, the Châtelains de Douai (from the mid-11th century, who also acquired the chatellenie of Cambrai by marriage), the Seigneurs de Guise, and the Seigneurs de Chaumont-en-Vexin (descendants of the counts of Vermandois).

The counts of Flanders are shown in "FLANDERS, Counts", and the nobility associated with them in "FLANDERS, Nobility".

Chapter 1. COMTES d'AMIENS

A. COMTES d´AMIENS

1. GAUTHIER [I] ([before 925]-987). Edouard de Saint-Phalle suggests that he was Gauthier, son of Raoul [I] Comte [d'Ostrevant][4]. This possible parentage is also shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[5]. The primary source which suggests that this might be the case has not yet been identified. Another possibility is that he was the same person as Gauthier Comte de Dreux. The editor of the compilation of Chartres charters suggests that "Walterius…comitis Waleranni filius" (Gauthier Comte de Dreux) inherited "comes Velcassinus" (Vexin) from his father, and "Ambianensis" (Amiens) from "matre autem Eldegarde" (acquiring Dreux from his wife's family)[6]. The primary sources on which this information is based have not yet been identified. However, two facts suggest that this hypothesis may be correct. Firstly, Gauthier Comte de Dreux is also recorded with a wife named Eva (although the necrology entries quoted here and in PARIS REGION NOBILITY (Comtes de Dreux) suggest that there were two countesses of this name at the time). Secondly, the castle of Mantes, occupied by the descendants of Gauthier Comte d'Amiens, was near Dreux. "Wauterii comitis, Walterii et Radulfi filiorum eius" subscribed a charter dated 975 under which "Hugo Francorum dux" restored the abbey of Saint-Jean to the abbey of Sainte-Croix d'Orléans[7]. Comte d'Amiens. A charter of "Hugo…Francorum rex" confirming the privileges of the monastery of Corvey dated 987 is subscribed by "Walteri comitis Ambianensis ac filiorum eius Walteri, Gotfredi, Rodulfi"[8]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death "XIX Kal Feb" of "Gualterii comitis"[9]. m firstly EVA, daughter of --- (-[19 Jan or 23 Nov] ----). The necrology of the abbey of Sainte-Colombe records the death "XIV Kal Feb" of "Eve comitisse"[10]. m secondly ADELA, daughter of ---. A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "…Walterius comes, Adela comitissa…"[11]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[12], she was Adela d'Anjou, daughter of Foulques [I] "le Roux" Comte d'Anjou & his wife Roscilla [de Loches] (after 909-). The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified; it is possible that it is speculative, based on one of her sons being named Foulques. Comte Gauthier [I] & his [first/second] wife had five children:

a) GAUTHIER [II] "le Blanc" (-after 1017). A charter of "Hugo…Francorum rex" confirming the privileges of the monastery of Corvey dated 987 is subscribed by "Walteri comitis Ambianensis ac filiorum eius Walteri, Gotfredi, Rodulfi"[13]. Comte d'Amiens et du Vexin.

- see below.

b) RAOUL . "Wauterii comitis, Walterii et Radulfi filiorum eius" subscribed a charter dated 975 under which "Hugo Francorum dux" restored the abbey of Saint-Jean to the abbey of Sainte-Croix d'Orléans[14]. A charter of "Hugo…Francorum rex" confirming the privileges of the monastery of Corvey dated 987 is subscribed by "Walteri comitis Ambianensis ac filiorum eius Walteri, Gotfredi, Rodulfi"[15].

c) GUY . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

d) GODEFROY . A charter of "Hugo…Francorum rex" confirming the privileges of the monastery of Corvey dated 987 is subscribed by "Walteri comitis Ambianensis ac filiorum eius Walteri, Gotfredi, Rodulfi"[16].

e) FOULQUES . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

GAUTHIER [II] "le Blanc", son of GAUTHIER [I] Comte d'Amiens & his [first/second] wife [Eva---/Adela ---] (-after 1017). "Wauterii comitis, Walterii et Radulfi filiorum eius" subscribed a charter dated 975 under which "Hugo Francorum dux" restored the abbey of Saint-Jean to the abbey of Sainte-Croix d'Orléans[17]. A charter of "Hugo…Francorum rex" confirming the privileges of the monastery of Corvey dated 987 is subscribed by "Walteri comitis Ambianensis ac filiorum eius Walteri, Gotfredi, Rodulfi"[18]. Comte de Mantes. "Walterius comes" donated property "prope nostrum castellum…Medanta" to "Carnotensi monasterio Sancti Petri", for the soul of "coniugis mee Adelidis filiorumque meorum", by charter to [1006], signed by "Walterii comitis, Rodulfi filii eius, Drogonis filii eius…"[19]. Comte d'Amiens et du Vexin.

m ADELA, daughter of ---. "Walterius comes" donated property "prope nostrum castellum…Medanta" to "Carnotensi monasterio Sancti Petri", for the soul of "coniugis mee Adelidis filiorumque meorum", by charter to [1006], signed by "Walterii comitis, Rodulfi filii eius, Drogonis filii eius…"[20].

Comte Gauthier [II] & his wife had four children:

1. RAOUL de Mantes (-1060). "Walterius comes" donated property "prope nostrum castellum…Medanta" to "Carnotensi monasterio Sancti Petri", for the soul of "coniugis mee Adelidis filiorumque meorum", by charter to [1006], signed by "Walterii comitis, Rodulfi filii eius, Drogonis filii eius…"[21]. Comte de Valois et d'Amiens.

- COMTES de VALOIS.

2. DREUX [Drogo] de Mantes (-[13 Aug] [1035]). "Walterius comes" donated property "prope nostrum castellum…Medanta" to "Carnotensi monasterio Sancti Petri", for the soul of "coniugis mee Adelidis filiorumque meorum", by charter to [1006], signed by "Walterii comitis, Rodulfi filii eius, Drogonis filii eius…"[22]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Mantes. Comte d'Amboise. "Droco comes Ambianensium" donated property to "Sancti Petri Gismoensis" by undated charter, signed by "Droconis comitis, Eotde comitissæ, Falconis fratris comitis, Rodulfi filiii comitis, Gualterii alterius filii…"[23]. He accompanied Robert II Duke of Normandy to Jerusalem and died on the journey[24]. According to Orderic Vitalis, Henri I King of France took back the Vexin after the death of Comte Drogo[25]. The necrology of Reims Saint-Rémi records the death "X Kal Aug" of "Drogo comes"[26]. m ([1025 or before]) as her first husband, GODGIFU [Goda] of England, daughter of ÆTHELRED II "the Unready" King of England & his second wife Emma de Normandie (-before 1049). Her parentage is stated by Orderic Vitalis, who says that Godgifu went into exile in Normandy with her brother[27] in 1013. According to Orderic Vitalis, her first marriage was arranged by Robert II Duke of Normandy[28], indicating that she probably did not return to England. This information is suspect, assuming that the charter of "Robertus Rex", which names "Comes Drogo…cum duobus fratribus Fulcone…et Rodulpho necnon uxore cum filiis supra memorati Drogonis", is correctly dated to 1025 as Duke Robert did not succeed as duke until 1027[29]. Another possibility is that Drogo's children at that date were born from an earlier otherwise unrecorded marriage. There is no indication of the birth dates of his known children shown below, but the fact that none of them was given a typically Anglo-Saxon name also suggests that Godgifu may not have been the mother of all of them (although she is attested as mother of the son Raoul, see below). "Droco comes Ambianensium" donated property to "Sancti Petri Gismoensis" by undated charter, signed by "Droconis comitis, Eotde comitissæ, Falconis fratris comitis, Rodulfi filiii comitis, Gualterii alterius filii…"[30]. Godgifu married secondly ([1036]) as his first wife, Eustache [II] Comte de Boulogne . Her second marriage is referred to by Florence of Worcester[31]. Comte Drogo & his wife had three children:

a) RAOUL de Mantes (-21 Dec 1057, bur Peterborough). His parentage is given by Orderic Vitalis35. Florence of Worcester calls Raoul the "son of King Edward's sister"[32]. "Droco comes Ambianensium" donated property to "Sancti Petri Gismoensis" by undated charter, signed by "Droconis comitis, Eotde comitissæ, Falconis fratris comitis, Rodulfi filiii comitis, Gualterii alterius filii…"[33]. Simeon of Durham names "earl Rodulph the son of king Eadward's sister Goda" in 1051[34]. Earl of Hereford.

- EARLS of HEREFORD, Families of SUDELEY and TRACY.

b) GAUTHIER [III] de Mantes (before [29 Mar 1030/10 Apr 1031]-poisoned Falaise [2 Aug] 1063). His parentage is given by Orderic Vitalis, who lists him after his brother Raoul [35]. "Drogo comes" agreed to donate property to Jumièges by charter dated to [29 Mar 1030/10 Apr 1031] subscribed by "Walterii filius eius"[36]. "Droco comes Ambianensium" donated property to "Sancti Petri Gismoensis" by undated charter, signed by "Droconis comitis, Eotde comitissæ, Falconis fratris comitis, Rodulfi filiii comitis, Gualterii alterius filii…"[37]. He succeeded his father in 1035 as Comte de Mantes. "Comes Gualterius" donated property to Chartres Saint-Père by charter dated 22 Jan 1060 which names "pater meus Drogo comes"[38]. He claimed the county of Maine, by right of his wife, after the death in Mar 1062 of her nephew Héribert [II] Comte du Maine and took possession[39]. Guillaume II Duke of Normandy defeated and imprisoned him end-1063. Orderic Vitalis records that Gauthier and his wife died "poisoned - so the rumour goes - by the evil machinations of their enemies", and that Duke Guillaume took control over Maine after this[40]. The necrology of Saint-Père-en-Vallée records the death "IV Non Aug" of "Gualterius comes"[41], which may refer to Comte Gauthier [III]. m BIOTE du Maine, daughter of HERIBERT [I] "Eveille-Chien" Comte du Maine & his wife --- (-poisoned Falaise 1063). Guillaume de Poitiers names "la sœur de Hugues" as wife of "Gautier comte de Mantes", when recording the latter's claim to Maine[42]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified.

c) FOULQUES de Mantes . His parentage is given by Orderic Vitalis, who lists him after his two brothers and specifies that he was Bishop of Amiens[43].

3. FOULQUES de Mantes . "Comes Drogo…cum duobus fratribus Fulcone…et Rodulpho necnon uxore cum filiis supra memorati Drogonis" are named in a charter of "Robertus Rex" dated 1030[44]. "Droco comes Ambianensium" donated property to "Sancti Petri Gismoensis" by undated charter, signed by "Droconis comitis, Eotde comitissæ, Falconis fratris comitis, Rodulfi filiii comitis, Gualterii alterius filii…"[45].

4. daughter . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of "Waleranni comitis [Mellentini]" as daughter of "Gauterus Albus de Albamarla"[46]. Yves de Chartres names "Gualterius Albus" as father of "matrem Gualeranni comitis"[47]. m HUGUES Comte de Meulan, son of GALERAN [II] Comte de Meulan & his wife --- (-after 25 Aug 1005).

1. GUY (-after [1091/94]). Comte d´Amiens. A charter dated to [1091/94] records the donation by "comites Ambianis Guido…et Ivo" of their possessions in "vicecomitatus de villa Duri et Sancti Mauricii" to Amiens Cathedral, although the document is suspect as the language is atypical of charters of the time[48].

2. YVES (-after [1091/94]). Comte d´Amiens. A charter dated to [1091/94] records the donation by "comites Ambianis Guido…et Ivo" of their possessions in "vicecomitatus de villa Duri et Sancti Mauricii" to Amiens Cathedral, although the document is suspect as the language is atypical of charters of the time[49].

B. COMTES d´AMIENS (SEIGNEURS de BOVES)

DREUX [Drogo], son of ---. Seigneur de Boves . [1069]. Guy Bishop of Amiens names "Drogonis Bovensis…uxor illius ac filii Ingelrannus…et Robertus, Ansellusque", in the presence of "Eustachius vicedominus, Guermundus frater eius", in an undated charter relating to "advocatione et vicecomitatu Costency"[50].

m ---. The name of Dreux's wife is not known.

Dreux & his wife had three children:

1. ENGUERRAND [I] de Boves (-1118 or after). Guy Bishop of Amiens names "Drogonis Bovensis…uxor illius ac filii Ingelrannus…et Robertus, Ansellusque", in the presence of "Eustachius vicedominus, Guermundus frater eius", in an undated charter relating to "advocatione et vicecomitatu Costency"[51]. Seigneur de Boves et de la Fère-sur-Oise. Comte d'Amiens 1085. Sire de Coucy [1085]. Vicomte de Coucy 1095[52]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "Thomam de Marna" was besieged by "pater eius Engerrannus de Bova" at "castrum…Mons Acutus…in pago Laudunensi"[53]. m (repudiated) as her second husband, ADA de Marle, divorced wife of AUBRY [de Beaumont-sur-Oise] Vicomte de Coucy, daughter of LETARD de Roucy Seigneur de Marle & his wife ---. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Letaldus de Marla…filiam nomine Adam" as mother of "Thomam de Marla"[54]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "filia…Letardi domni de Marla… Ada" as mother of "Thomam de Cocy"[55]. "Albericus de Cociaco…cum Adela uxore sua et matre eius Mathilde" granted privileges to the monastery of Nogent-sous-Coucy by charter dated 1059[56], although the primary source which confirms that she was the daughter of Létard, as well as the same daughter who later married Enguerrand de Coucy, has not yet been identified. Mistress (1): SIBYLLE de Porcien, wife of GODEFROI de Namur, daughter of ROGER Comte de Porcien & his wife Ermengarde ---. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Sibiliam filiam comitis Rogerii Porcensis" as wife of "comes Godefridus de Namuco"[57]. The Chronicon Huberti names "filiam suo [=Rogerus Porcensium comes] Sibillam" as wife of "Godefrido filio Alberti comitis Namucensis"[58]. Guibert de Nogent records that "Ingelrannus" abducted "filia…Rogeri comitis Porcensis", wife of "Namurensi…comiti Godefrido" and in a later passage that the couple had a daughter[59]. Enguerrand [I] & his first wife had two children:

a) THOMAS de Coucy ([1073]-[1130/31]). The Annales Lobienses name "Letaldus de Marla…filiam nomine Adam" as mother of "Thomam de Marla"[60]. Seigneur de Coucy et de Marle, Comte d'Amiens.

- see below.

b) BEATRIX de Boves (-1144). Malbrancq records her parentage and marriage[61], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. m [as his second wife,] ADAM Châtelain d´Amiens, son of --- (-1125 or after).

Enguerrand had one illegitimate child by Mistress (1):

c) daughter . Guibert de Nogent records that "Ingelrannus" abducted "filia…Rogeri comitis Porcensis", wife of "Namurensi…comiti Godefrido" and in a later passage that the couple had a daughter[62].

2. ROBERT de Boves . Guy Bishop of Amiens names "Drogonis Bovensis…uxor illius ac filii Ingelrannus…et Robertus, Ansellusque", in the presence of "Eustachius vicedominus, Guermundus frater eius", in an undated charter relating to "advocatione et vicecomitatu Costency"[63]. 1069/1079.

3. ANSEAU de Boves . Guy Bishop of Amiens names "Drogonis Bovensis…uxor illius ac filii Ingelrannus…et Robertus, Ansellusque", in the presence of "Eustachius vicedominus, Guermundus frater eius", in an undated charter relating to "advocatione et vicecomitatu Costency"[64]. 1069.

THOMAS de Coucy, son of ENGUERRAND [I] de Boves Seigneur de Coucy & his first wife Ada de Marle [Roucy] ([1073]-[1130/31]). The Annales Lobienses name "Letaldus de Marla…filiam nomine Adam" as mother of "Thomam de Marla"[65]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "filia…Letardi domni de Marla… Ada" as mother of "Thomam de Cocy"[66]. Guibert de Nogent names "Thomam, Ingelranni filium"[67]. Seigneur de Coucy et de Marle, Comte d'Amiens. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "Thomam de Marna" was besieged by "pater eius Engerrannus de Bova" at "castrum…Mons Acutus…in pago Laudunensi"[68]. In 1117, Louis VI "le Gros" King of France confiscated the county of Amiens and granted it to Adelais Ctss de Vermandois[69]. Suger's Vita Ludovici also records that "Thomam de Marna" was eventually captured and died in captivity[70]. The Chronique de Guillaume de Nangis records in 1128 that "Louis roi des Français fit marcher une armée contre Thomas de Marle seigneur de Coucy", who was captured by "Raoul comte de Vermandois" and handed mortally wounded to the king[71].

m firstly ([1100], repudiated) IDA de Hainaut, daughter of BAUDOUIN II Comte de Hainaut & his wife Ida de Louvain ([1085]-after [1105]). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to "sororem Balduini comitis Hainoensis" as wife of "Thomam de Marla"[72]. The Chronicon Hanoniense refers to a second unnamed sister of "comitis Hainoniensis" who married "Thome de Marla"[73]. The Annales Lobienses refer to "sororem Balduini comitis Hainoensis" as wife of "Thomam de Marla"[74]. The primary source which names her has not yet been identified.

m secondly ---. The primary source which confirms Thomas's second marriage has not yet been identified.

m thirdly MELISENDE de Crécy, daughter of GUY de Crécy & his wife --- (-after 1147). The Annales Lobienses name "de terra Ambianensi…Milesendem" as wife of "Thomam de Marla" after he repudiated his first wife[75]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the second wife of "Thomas de Coci" as "domna de Bovis"[76].

Thomas & his first wife had two children:

1. IDA de Coucy . The Annales Lobienses refer to the two daughters of "Thomam de Marla" & his wife, specifying that one (unnamed, mentioned first) married "Alardo de Cymaco" by whom she was mother of "Gilonem" and after his death "Bernardo de Urbais", by whom she was mother of "Engelranum"[77]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Ydam" as one of the daughters of "Thome de Marla" & his wife "comitis Hainoniensis soror" specifying that she married "Alardo de Cymaco agnomine Poliere, pari Castri Montensis" by whom she was mother of "Engelramum"[78]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Basilia" as one of the two daughters of "Thomam de Cocy", specifying that her husband was "Alardo de Cimay"[79]. m firstly ALARD [III] de Chimay, son of ---. m secondly ([1125]) BERNARD d'Orbais, son of SIGER d´Orbais & his wife --- (-before 1155).

2. BEATRIX de Coucy (-after 1156). The Annales Lobienses refer to the two daughters of "Thomam de Marla" & his wife, specifying that one (unnamed, mentioned second) married "Evrardus de Bretullie" by whom she was mother of "Evrardum et Gualerannum cum aliis"[80]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the other of the two daughters of "Thomam de Cocy" as the husband was "Everardus de Bretulio"[81]. The primary source which names her has not yet been identified. m ERARD [III] de Breteuil, son of VALERAN [II] Sire de Breteuil & his wife Ivette [Judith] --- (-killed in battle Laodicea 1147).

Thomas & his third wife had four children:

3. ENGUERRAND [II] de Coucy (-before 1147). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ingelrannum de Marla et Robertum Bovensem et filiam nomine matris" as children of "Thomam de Marla" and his wife Mélisende[82]. Seigneur de Coucy et de Marle.

- SEIGNEURS de COUCY.

4. ROBERT de Coucy (-killed in battle Acre 19 Jun 1191). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ingelrannum de Marla et Robertum Bovensem et filiam nomine matris" as children of "Thomam de Marla" by his wife Mélisende[83]. Seigneur de Boves. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ingelrannum…et Robertum Bovensem" as sons of "Thomas de Coci" & his "secundo uxor domna de Bovis", specifying that Robert was "virem crudelem"[84]. m BEATRIX de Saint-Pol, daughter of HUGUES [III] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his second wife Marguerite de Clermont (-after 1192). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Robert & his wife had four children:

a) ENGUERRAND [II] de Boves (-before 1224). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Seigneur de Boves. "Ingelrannus dominus Bovæ" accepted the arbitrage of a dispute involving the priory of Saint-Leu d´Esserent concerning revenue from Ailly, with the consent of "uxor mea Ada et Robertus et Thomas et Hugo fratres mei", by charter dated May 1202[85]. Villehardouin records that "Enguerrand de Boves and his brother Robert" joined the Fourth Crusade[86]. m (before 1192) ADA de Nesle, daughter of JEAN [I] de Nesle Châtelain de Bruges & his wife Elisabeth van Peteghem (-[Dec 1252/Dec 1254]). "Ingelrannus dominus Bovæ" accepted the arbitrage of a dispute involving the priory of Saint-Leu d´Esserent concerning revenue from Ailly, with the consent of "uxor mea Ada et Robertus et Thomas et Hugo fratres mei", by charter dated May 1202[87]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. Enguerrand [II] & his wife had two children:

i) ROBERT de Boves (-[1248/49]). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. Seigneur de Boves. m as her first husband, HELVIDE d'Autrêches, daughter of GUILLAUME de Nanteuil-la-Fosse Seigneur d'Autrêches & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and two marriages has not been identified. 1238/1262. She married secondly Renaud de la Tournelle. Robert & his wife had [one possible child]:

(a) [MABILE de Boves . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not been identified. 1292.]

ii) ELISABETH de Boves (-after Jul 1263). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not been identified. Dame de Boves et de Château-Porcien 1249. m (before May 1214) NICOLAS [V] Sire de Rumigny, son of --- (-1257).

b) ROBERT de Boves (-[Apr 1226/Jul 1228]). "Ingelrannus dominus Bovæ" accepted the arbitrage of a dispute involving the priory of Saint-Leu d´Esserent concerning revenue from Ailly, with the consent of "uxor mea Ada et Robertus et Thomas et Hugo fratres mei", by charter dated May 1202[88]. Villehardouin records that "Enguerrand de Boves and his brother Robert" joined the Fourth Crusade[89]. Seigneur de Fouencamps. m MARIE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. 1201.

i) ROBERT de Boves (-before Feb 1245). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. m MARIE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. 1239.

ii) THOMAS de Boves . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. 1201.

iii) HELLIN de Boves . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. 1201.

iv) BEATRIX de Boves . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not been identified. 1202.

c) HUGUES de Boves (-after May 1202). "Ingelrannus dominus Bovæ" accepted the arbitrage of a dispute involving the priory of Saint-Leu d´Esserent concerning revenue from Ailly, with the consent of "uxor mea Ada et Robertus et Thomas et Hugo fratres mei", by charter dated May 1202[90].

d) THOMAS de Boves (-before 1244). "Ingelrannus dominus Bovæ" accepted the arbitrage of a dispute involving the priory of Saint-Leu d´Esserent concerning revenue from Ailly, with the consent of "uxor mea Ada et Robertus et Thomas et Hugo fratres mei", by charter dated May 1202[91]. Canon at Amiens 1200. Provost at Amiens Cathedral 1225.

5. MELISENDE de Coucy . Guibert de Nogent records that "Thoma…filiam" married "filius Adæ…Adelelmus" but does not name her[92]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ingelrannum de Marla et Robertum Bovensem et filiam nomine matris" as children of "Thomam de Marla" by his wife Mélisende, specifying that their daughter married "Hugonem de Gornai dominum eiusdem loci"[93]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the daughter of "Thomas de Coci" & his "secundo uxor domna de Bovis" as "illam que data est Hugoni de Gornaio" but does not name her[94]. m firstly ADELELME Châtelain d´Amiens, son of ADAM Châtelain d´Amiens & his first wife --- (-1151 or before). m secondly as his second wife, HUGUES [IV] de Gournay, son of GERARD de Gournay & his wife Edith de Warenne (-1180).

6. MATHILDE de Coucy (-after 1146). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1151 under which her son "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean, subscribed by "…Robertus comes Ambianensis, avunculus meus"[95]. "Alelmus de Ambianis" granted fishing rights to the church of Amiens, with "parentes eius Guido et Mathildis" and with the consent of "Roberto comite Ambian", by charter dated 1146[96]. m GUY Châtelain d´Amiens, son of ADAM Châtelain d´Amiens & his first wife --- (-[1146/47]).

C. CHÂTELAINS d´AMIENS

1. ADAM (-1125 or after). Châtelain d´Amiens. The Vita Godefridis Bishop of Amiens names "Adamum [Ambianensi] civitatis principem" when recording disturbances in the town[97]. Guibert de Nogent records that "Adam…cui præerat ipse" helped "Ingelrannus urbis comes" quell a rebellion in Amiens[98]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "Ambianensem…civitatis Adæ…tyranni" was dispossessed by Louis VI King of France[99]. [m firstly ---. No direct reference to this supposed first marriage has been found. However, assuming that Adam´s second marriage is correctly stated below, it is unlikely that his sons Adelelme and Guy were born to his second wife, who would have been the first cousin of their wives.] m [secondly] BEATRIX de Boves, daughter of ENGUERRAND [I] Seigneur de Boves Comte d´Amiens & his wife Ada de Marle [Roucy] (-1144). Malbrancq records her parentage and marriage[100], but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. Adam & his [first] wife had two children:

a) ADELELME [I] (-1151 or before). Guibert de Nogent names "filius Adæ…Adelelmus, puer" when recording his marriage[101]. Châtelain d´Amiens. m as her first husband, MELISENDE de Coucy, daughter of THOMAS de Marle Comte d´Amiens, Seigneur de Coucy, de Marle et de Boves & his second wife Mélisende de Crècy. Guibert de Nogent records that "Thoma…filiam" married "filius Adæ…Adelelmus" but does not name her[102]. She married secondly Hugues de Gournay. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ingelrannum de Marla et Robertum Bovensem et filiam nomine matris" as children of "Thomam de Marla" by his wife Mélisende, specifying that their daughter married "Hugonem de Gornai dominum eiusdem loci"[103]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the daughter of "Thomas de Coci" & his "secundo uxor domna de Bovis" as "illam que data est Hugoni de Gornaio" but does not name her[104].

b) GUY (-[1146/47]). Châtelain d´Amiens. "Alelmus de Ambianis" granted fishing rights to the church of Amiens, with "parentes eius Guido et Mathildis" and with the consent of "Roberto comite Ambian", by charter dated 1146[105]. m MATHILDE de Coucy, daughter of THOMAS de Marle Comte d´Amiens, Seigneur de Coucy, de Marle et de Boves & his second wife Mélisende de Crècy (-after 1146). Her parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1151 under which her son "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean, subscribed by "…Robertus comes Ambianensis, avunculus meus"[106]. "Alelmus de Ambianis" granted fishing rights to the church of Amiens, with "parentes eius Guido et Mathildis" and with the consent of "Roberto comite Ambian", by charter dated 1146[107]. Guy & his wife had four children:

i) ADELELME [II] (-21 Nov 1176). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1146 under which "Alelmus de Ambianis" granted fishing rights to the church of Amiens, with "parentes eius Guido et Mathildis" and with the consent of "Roberto comite Ambian"[108]. Châtelain d´Amiens.

- see below.

ii) FLANDRINE (-after 1175). "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean on leaving on crusade, confirming donations by "Uvido pater meus et Mathildis mater mea", with the consent of "sorores meæ Flandria, Melissendis et Mathildis", by charter dated 1151[109]. m (1175) GUERMOND [III] de Picquigny Vidame d´Amiens, son of GUERMOND [I] de Picquigny Vidame d´Amiens & his first wife Mathilde --- (-after 1186, bur Abbaye du Gard).

iii) MELISENDE (-after 1151). "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean on leaving on crusade, confirming donations by "Uvido pater meus et Mathildis mater mea", with the consent of "sorores meæ Flandria, Melissendis et Mathildis", by charter dated 1151[110].

iv) MATHILDE (-after 1151). "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean on leaving on crusade, confirming donations by "Uvido pater meus et Mathildis mater mea", with the consent of "sorores meæ Flandria, Melissendis et Mathildis", by charter dated 1151[111].

Adam & his [first/second] wife had two children:

c) HUGUES (-1164). Archbishop of Rouen 1129.

d) [THIERRY (-after 1151). "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean on leaving on crusade, confirming donations by "Uvido pater meus et Mathildis mater mea", with the consent of "sorores meæ Flandria, Melissendis et Mathildis", for the soul of "Alermi avunculi mei", by charter dated 1151, subscribed by "Theodoricus Ambianensis, Robertus comes Ambianensis, avunculus meus"[112]. The transcription of this document consulted does not specify the relationship between the donor and "Theodoricus Ambianensis", but the latter has been assumed by secondary sources to be the donor´s uncle.]

ADELELME [II] d´Amiens, son of GUY Châtelain d´Amiens & his wife Mathilde de Coucy (-21 Nov 1176). Châtelain d´Amiens. "Alelmus de Ambianis" granted fishing rights to the church of Amiens, with "parentes eius Guido et Mathildis" and with the consent of "Roberto comite Ambian", by charter dated 1146[113]. "Aleaume d´Amiens sire de Flixecourt" confirmed agreement with the abbey of Saint-Lucien concerning donations by "Guy son père", with the consent of "Ade sa femme…", by charter dated 1150[114]. "Alermus Fleciscortis et Ambianis civitatis princeps quartus" confirmed his donation to Amiens Saint-Jean on leaving on crusade, confirming donations by "Uvido pater meus et Mathildis mater mea", with the consent of "sorores meæ Flandria, Melissendis et Mathildis", for the soul of "Alermi avunculi mei", by charter dated 1151, subscribed by "Theodoricus Ambianensis, Robertus comes Ambianensis, avunculus meus"[115].

m ADA, daughter of ---. "Aleaume d´Amiens sire de Flixecourt" confirmed agreement with the abbey of Saint-Lucien concerning donations by "Guy son père", with the consent of "Ade sa femme…", by charter dated 1150[116].

Adelelme [II] & his wife had two children:

1. DREUX (-[1194/95]). "Dreux d´Amiens seigneur du château de Flexicourt" confirmed privileges of the priory of Flexicourt "depuis le vivant de Aleaume son père" by charter dated 1180[117]. Seigneur de Flexicourt, de Vignacourt, de la Broye et de l´Etoile. m (before 1190) MARGUERITE de Saint-Pol, daughter of ANSELME Comte de Saint-Pol & his first wife --- (-after 1219). Her parentage is confirmed by Villehardouin who records that "Count Hugh of St Paul, Peter of Amiens his nephew…" formed the third division in the attack on Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204[118]. Dreux & his wife had [six] children:

a) PIERRE (-Philippi, Macedonia 1204). Seigneur de Vignacourt et de Flexicourt. "Pierre d´Amiens" donated property to Moreaucourt, with the consent of "Thomas son frère", by charter dated May 1200[119]. "Reginaldus de Ambianis…son frère" assumed the succession of "Pierre fils aîné de Dreux comte d´Amiens et de Marguerite, étant mort en 1202 au voyage de Constantinople", with the consent of "Mathilde son épouse…ses filles Marguerite et Adéline, de ses frères Thibault, Aléaume et Bernard"[120]. Villehardouin records that "Count Hugh of St Paul, Peter of Amiens his nephew…" formed the third division in the attack on Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204[121].

b) RENAUD (-1227, bur Vignacourt). Châtelain d´Amiens. "Regilnadus de Ambianis…son frère" assumed the succession of "Pierre fils aîné de Dreux comte d´Amiens et de Marguerite, étant mort en 1202 au voyage de Constantinople", with the consent of "Mathilde son épouse…ses filles Marguerite et Adéline, de ses frères Thibault, Aléaume et Bernard"[122]. "Regnaud d´Amiens" donated property to Moreaucourt, with the consent of "Thomas, Aleaume et Bernard ses frères", by charter dated Jul 1210[123]. m MATHILDE, daughter of --- (-[1224/27]). "Regilnadus de Ambianis…son frère" assumed the succession of "Pierre fils aîné de Dreux comte d´Amiens et de Marguerite, étant mort en 1202 au voyage de Constantinople", with the consent of "Mathilde son épouse…ses filles Marguerite et Adéline, de ses frères Thibault, Aléaume et Bernard"[124].

- SEIGNEURS de VIGNACOURT, de FLEXICOURT et de REGNAUVILLE[125].

c) THIBAUT (-after 1252). "Regilnadus de Ambianis…son frère" assumed the succession of "Pierre fils aîné de Dreux comte d´Amiens et de Marguerite, étant mort en 1202 au voyage de Constantinople", with the consent of "Mathilde son épouse…ses filles Marguerite et Adéline, de ses frères Thibault, Aléaume et Bernard"[126]. Sire de Canaples et d´Outrebois. m ---. The name of Thibaut´s wife is not known. Thibaut & his wife had --- children:

i) [JEANNE (-after 1260). Père Anselme names "Jeanne d´Amiens, dame de Talmas, de l´Orsignol et de Buire-aux-Bis, fille de Thibaut d´Amiens, seigneur de Winacourt et de Canaples" as the wife of "Gilles II…seigneur de Mailly" but cites no corresponding primary source[127]. m GILLES [II] Seigneur de Mailly, son of GILLES [I] Seigneur de Mailly & his wife Avicie de Heilly (-after 1270).]

ii) - SEIGNEURS de CANAPLES, de BACHIMONT et du PLESSIS[128].

d) [THOMAS (-after 1244). "Pierre d´Amiens" donated property to Moreaucourt, with the consent of "Thomas son frère", by charter dated May 1200[129]. "Regnaud d´Amiens" donated property to Moreaucourt, with the consent of "Thomas, Aleaume et Bernard ses frères", by charter dated Jul 1210[130]. The order of the names in the last document suggests that "Thomas" may represent a mistranscription for "Thibaut" by Dom Villevieille.]

e) ADELELME (-before Aug 1248). "Regilnadus de Ambianis…son frère" assumed the succession of "Pierre fils aîné de Dreux comte d´Amiens et de Marguerite, étant mort en 1202 au voyage de Constantinople", with the consent of "Mathilde son épouse…ses filles Marguerite et Adéline, de ses frères Thibault, Aléaume et Bernard"[131]. "Regnaud d´Amiens" donated property to Moreaucourt, with the consent of "Thomas, Aleaume et Bernard ses frères", by charter dated Jul 1210[132]. Seigneur de l´Etoile.

f) BERNARD (-Jul 1251). "Regilnadus de Ambianis…son frère" assumed the succession of "Pierre fils aîné de Dreux comte d´Amiens et de Marguerite, étant mort en 1202 au voyage de Constantinople", with the consent of "Mathilde son épouse…ses filles Marguerite et Adéline, de ses frères Thibault, Aléaume et Bernard"[133]. "Regnaud d´Amiens" donated property to Moreaucourt, with the consent of "Thomas, Aleaume et Bernard ses frères", by charter dated Jul 1210[134]. Seigneur de Regnauville 1226. Seigneur d´Estrées 1251.

2. PIERRE (-after 1172).

D. VIDAMES d´AMIENS (PICQUIGNY)

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the following family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise indicated below.

1. EUSTACHE (-after 1069). Vidame d´Amiens. "…Eustachius vicedominus, Guermundus frater eius…" subscribed the charter dated to [1069/74] relating to "vicecomitatu Costencii" for Sainte-Marie d'Amiens[135].

2. GUERMOND [I] (-after 1069). "…Guermundus frater vicedomini…" subscribed the charter dated 1069 under which "Rodulphus…Ambianensis comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d'Amiens[136].

3. ARNAUD de Picquigny . Vidame d´Amiens. m ---. The name of Arnaud´s wife is not known. Arnaud & his wife had one child:

a) MELISENDE de Picquigny . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "de…regis Francorum Karoli Magni stirpe et familia progenitam, Ernulphi vicedomini de Pinkinio filiam…Milesendem" as wife of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus"[137]. Her alleged descent from Charlemagne has not been traced. m GUILLAUME [II] Châtelain de Saint-Omer, son of [GUILLAUME [I] Châtelain de Saint-Omer] & his [first wife ---] (-1143 or after).

4. GUERMOND [II] de Picquigny (-after 1131). Vidame d´Amiens. m BEATRIX, daughter of [RENAUD de Saint-Valéry & his wife ---] (-13 Feb 1144, bur Abbaye de Saint-Jean). The wife of Guermond [I] is called Beatrix in secondary sources but the primary source on which this is based, as well as the source which records her date of death and place of burial which are shown above, has not yet been identified. Domesday Descendants records that the --- de Saint-Valéry, daughter of Renaud de Saint-Valéry was the mother of "Gerard II de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens", presumably indicating Gérard [I], and cites the cartulary of Oseney[138]. The chronology for this connection does not appear ideal, assuming that the dates of the members of the Picquigny family are accurately recorded in the present document. However, a connection (maybe a family relationship) between the Saint-Valéry and Picquigny families is shown by the letter written by Pope Alexander III to Henri Archbishop of Reims, dated 29 Mar 1154, to enforce reparations from "vicedominus Pinciniaco, Bern. de S. Walerico et Gualterius Tyrellus" for the damage which they had caused to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Selincourt[139]. Guermond [I] & his wife had six children:

a) GERARD [I] (-1178 or after, bur Abbaye du Gard). Vidame d´Amiens. "Girard vidame de Picquigny" donated property to "la maison de Gabarinville, lorsque dam Euphémie sa sœur s´y fit religieuse" by charter dated 1149[140]. Pope Alexander III wrote to Henri Archbishop of Reims 29 Mar 1154 to enforce reparations from "vicedominus Pinciniaco, Bern. de S. Walerico et Gualterius Tyrellus" for the damage which they had caused to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Selincourt[141]. Pope Alexander III wrote to Henri Archbishop of Reims 23 May 1154 to enforce reparations from "vicedominus Pinginniacensis" for the damage which they had caused to the abbey of Cercamps[142]. m MATHILDE d´Aumâle, daughter of ---. A manuscript history of the foundation of Melsa Abbey records that “Willielmus” had “sorores quatuor, filias Stephani” who married “una…vicedomino de Pynkeney, altera…vicedomino de Verberay, tertia…Bertanno de Brikebet, quarta Willielmo de Romare et postea Petro de Brus”[143]. She is named in her husband's [1160/65] grant to Southwick Priory for the souls of his and her parents[144]. Guermond [II] & his wife had eight children:

i) GUERMOND [III] (-after 1186, bur Abbaye du Gard). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1190 under which his son "Girard vidame de Picquigny" confirmed the donation made by "Girard son ayeul, aux malades du val de Picquigny, laquelle Vermond son père a acquittée pendant toute sa vie"[145]. Vidame d´Amiens. m (1175) FLANDRINE d´Amiens, daughter of GUY Châtelain d´Amiens & his wife Mathilde de Coucy. Guermond [III] & his wife had five children:

(a) GERARD [II] (-Palestine 1190). Vidame d´Amiens. "Girard vidame de Picquigny" confirmed the donation made by "Girard son ayeul, aux malades du val de Picquigny, laquelle Vermond son père a acquittée pendant toute sa vie" by charter dated 1190[146].

(b) ENGUERRAND (-[Jun/Nov] 1224). Vidame d´Amiens. "Enguerrand de Picquigny, vidame d´Amiens" confirmed the donations made to the leprosery of Picquigny by "Gérard l´ancien vidame son ayeul, par Gérard son frère" and founded "une chapellenie à Tansol" for the soul of "Enguerrant de Lully son cousin", by charter dated 1205[147].

- see below.

(d) MATHILDE .

(e) JEANNE [Beatrix] . m BAUDOUIN Sire d´Argies, son of --- (-after 1194).

ii) PIERRE .

b) ENGUERRAND .

c) ADA . "Drogo dominus Monciaci" released "Hauvi uxorem Gisleberti de Meirart", on the advice of "uxoris meæ Adæ", by charter dated 5 Feb "in eodem anno quo mortuus est Rainaldus de Merlodo" [1151][148]. m (before 1144) DREUX [III] de Moncy, son of DREUX [II] de Moncy & his wife Basilie --- (-after 1151).

d) BEATRIX (-after 1144). m GUERARD de Dours Sire de Dours, Vicomte et Vidame de Brebières, son of --- (-after 1148).

e) EUPHEMIE (-after 1149). "Girard vidame de Picquigny" donated property to "la maison de Gabarinville, lorsque dam Euphémie sa sœur s´y fit religieuse" by charter dated 1149[149]. m RENAUD Seigneur de Bulles, son of LANCELIN [II] de Beauvais Seigneur de Bulles & his wife Adela de Dammartin (-[1162/67]).

f) GISELE (-after 1144).

5. daughter . A "sœur de Guermond de Picquigny, mariée en Angleterre avec un riche seigneur nommé Joelle de Totenes" is referred to in the De Miraculis sanctæ Mariæ Laudunensis[150]. m JUHEL de Totnes, son of ALURED & his wife --- (-[after 1099]).

ENGUERRAND de Picquigny, son of GUERMOND [III] de Picquigny Vidame d´Amiens & his wife Flandrine d´Amiens (-[Jun/Nov] 1224). Vidame d´Amiens. "Enguerrand de Picquigny, vidame d´Amiens" confirmed the donations made to the leprosery of Picquigny by "Gérard l´ancien vidame son ayeul, par Gérard son frère" and founded "une chapellenie à Tansol" for the soul of "Enguerrant de Lully son cousin", by charter dated 1205[151]. "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[152].

m MARGUERITE de Ponthieu, daughter of JEAN [I] Comte de Ponthieu & his third wife Beatrix de Saint-Pol (-after Aug 1216). "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[153].

Enguerrand & his wife had ten children:

1. GUERMOND (-after 1197).

2. MARIE (-after 1197). m EUSTACHE d´Encre, son of --- (-before 1197).

3. GERARD [III] (-[May 1248/Jun 1249]). "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[154]. Vidame d´Amiens. "Girardus dominus Pincenii et vicedominus Ambianensis" confirmed the donation of salt to Paris Hôtel-Dieu made by "Ingerrandus quondam pater meus", with the consent of "Aaliddis uxoris mee", by charter dated Feb 1244[155]. m firstly LAURE de Montfort, daughter of SIMON [IV] Sire de Montfort & his wife Alix de Montmorency (-1227 or before). m secondly (before 1243) as her second husband, ALIX de Vierzon Dame de Tournenfuy, widow of GAUTHIER [III] de Villebéon "le Chambellan", daughter of HERVE [II] Seigneur de Vierzon & his wife Marie de Dampierre (-3 Dec 1245). "Girardus dominus Pincenii et vicedominus Ambianensis" confirmed the donation of salt to Paris Hôtel-Dieu made by "Ingerrandus quondam pater meus", with the consent of "Aaliddis uxoris mee", by charter dated Feb 1244[156]. m thirdly (1246) as her first husband, MATHILDE de Crecques, daughter of ANSEAU [II] Seigneur de Crecques & his wife Beatrix de Guines (-after 1296). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Joannes", son of "domino Arnulpho de Audenarde", married secondly "sororem domini Roberti de Cresekes, relictam vicedomini de Pinkengni"[157]. She married secondly (before Sep 1251) as his second wife, Jan Heer van Oudenaarde. Gérard & his first wife had two children:

a) MARGUERITE (-after 1257). m firstly (Jul 1246) NICOLAS [VI] de Rumigny, son of --- (-1249). m secondly (before Jan 1257) THOMAS de Coucy Seigneur de Vervins, son of THOMAS de Coucy Seigneur de Vervins & his wife Mathilde de Rethel (-before 1276).

b) JEANNE (-after 1246). m (before Feb 1246) GAUTHIER [IV] Sire de Heilly, son of --- (-after 1246).

Gérard & his second wife had one child:

c) ALIX .

Gérard & his third wife had two children:

d) JEAN (-Perusa, Italy 29 Sep 1304). Vidame d´Amiens. Seneschal of Gascony 1303.

- see below.

e) MATHIEU .

4. RENAUD . "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[158]. m ---. The name of Renaud´s wife is not known. Renaud & his wife had one child:

a) daughter . m as his second wife, MICHEL d´Antoing Sire de Harnes, son of HUGUES [II] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy & his wife Ida de Douai (-1269 or before).

5. FLANDRINE (-after Aug 1216). "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[159].

6. IDA (-after Aug 1216). "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[160].

7. MARGUERITE (-after Aug 1216). "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[161].

8. MARIE (-after Aug 1216). "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[162].

9. ENGUERRAND (-after 1241).

10. GUILLAUME (-after 1269). Seigneur de Mortagne.

JEAN de Picquigny, son of GERARD de Picquigny Vidame d´Amiens & his third wife Mathilde de Crecques (-Perusa, Italy 29 Sep 1304). Vidame d´Amiens. Seneschal of Gascony 1303.

m (before 1278) MARGUERITE de Beaumetz, daughter of GILLES de Beaumetz Châtelain de Bapaume & his wife ---.

Jean & his wife had eleven children:

1. RENAUD (-1315). Vidame d´Amiens. m (before 4 Aug 1314) as her second husband, JEANNE d'Eu, widow of RAYMOND [VI] Vicomte de Turenne, daughter of JEAN [II] de Brienne Comte d'Eu & his wife Beatrix de Châtillon (-after 12 Mar 1325). Renaud & his wife had two children:

a) MARGUERITE (-after 4 Mar 1377). Vidamesse d´Amiens, Dame de Picquigny. m firstly (Dec 1323) JEAN de Roucy Seigneur de Pierrepont, son of --- (-[1326/28]). m secondly (Jul 1328) GAUTHIER de Noyers Seigneur d´Eclaron, son of --- (-killed in battle 1339). m thirdly ([29 Jul 1357/14 Nov 1359]) RAOUL Sire de Raigneval, Seigneur de Pierrepont, son of --- (-after 4 Mar 1377).

b) MARIE . m JACQUES de Croy, son of ---.

2. GERARD . Seigneur de Bergicourt.

3. GUILLAUME (-before 28 Oct 1330).

4. FERRY (-before 1344). Seigneur d´Ailly-sur-Somme et de Hervey. m (before 29 Sep 1319) BEATRIX de Nesle Dame de Falvy et de la Hérelle, daughter of JEAN [III] de Nesle Seigneur de Falvy & his wife ---. Ferry & his wife had three children:

a) JEAN (-[Jan 1346/Mar 1348]). m as her first husband, CATHERINE de Châtillon-sur-Marne, daughter of HUGUES de Châtillon Seigneur de Leuze & his wife --- (-after 1383). She married secondly ([1354]) Jean [II] Comte de Grandpré. Jean & his wife had two children:

i) MARGUERITE (-[19 Mar 1371/1376]). Dame de Falvy et de la Hérelle. m HUGUES de Melun Châtelain de Gand, son of --- (-1406).

ii) JEANNE . m GILLES de Soyecourt, son of ---.

b) MARGUERITE (-after 1378).

c) MARIE (-1381). m JEAN [V] de Hangest, son of --- (-1363 or before).

5. JEAN (-killed in battle Hainaut 1340). Seigneur de Saint-Ouen et d´Ailly. m as her second husband, MARTHA d´Amiens, widow of BAUDOUIN [IV] Sire de Crecquy et de Fressin, daughter of GILLES d´Amiens Seigneur de Canaples et d´Outrebois & his wife ---. Jean& his wife had one child:

a) JEANNE (-after 1373). Dame de Canaples et d´Outrebois. m firstly JEAN de Mailly Seigneur de Talmas et de Buyre-au-Bois, son of ---. m secondly (1354) HENDRIK van Beveren Heer van Dixmuiden, son of --- (-after 27 Dec 1367).

6. ROBERT (-after 10 Feb 1358). m --- de Fluy, daughter of GARIN Seigneur de Fluy & his wife --- (-before 10 Feb 1358).

- SEIGNEURS de FLUY[163].

7. MATHILDE (-after 1338). Dame de Gouy. m ([1300]) as his second wife, HUGUES [IV] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy, son of HUGUES [III] Sire d´Antoing et d´Epinoy & his first wife Sibylle de Wavrin (-[1310]).

8. MARGUERITE (-after 16 Nov 1343). m (Apr 1291) MATHIEU de Roys Seigneur de la Ferté-les-Saint-Riquier, son of ---.

9. MARIE . m JEAN Seigneur de Saint-Amand, son of ---.

10. CATHERINE (-after 13 Jan 1324). m JEAN [I] Seigneur d´Auxy, son of --- (-killed in battle Courtrai 11 Jul 1302).

11. JEANNE . m (contract 1 Nov 1292) JEAN [II] Seigneur de Varennes, son of --- (-after Sep 1302).

Chapter 2. COMTES d'ARTOIS

Vanderkindere describes the approximate boundaries of the pagus Atrebatensis: east of the pagus Teruanensis, north of the counties of Vermandois and Amiens, west of the pagus Austrebantum (Ostrevant) and the pagus Caribantus (in the county of Flanders), and south of the pagus Scarbeius and the pagus Leticus[164].

The Annales Vedastini record that Baudouin II Count of Flanders captured Artois in 892[165]. Héribert II Comte de Vermandois conquered Artois in 927, although the territory continued to be disputed by Arnoul I Count of Flanders who reconquered it in 932[166]. After the accession of the infant Count Arnoul III following the death of his grandfather Arnoul I in 964, Lothaire King of the West Franks took temporary control over Artois, only handing it back to Flanders when Count Arnoul reached the age of majority[167]. Artois remained under the control of Flanders until Count Philippe granted the county to his niece Isabelle de Hainaut as her dowry when she married Philippe II "Auguste" King of France in 1180. Count Philippe retained a life interest in the county. King Philippe conquered the territory in [1190/91] after the death of the Flemish count, but was obliged to return part of it to Count Baudouin IX under the terms of the Treaty of Péronne. The French king acquired the remaining part of the county under the Treaty of Lens in 1212, agreed as part of the arrangements connected with the marriage of Jeanne Ctss of Flanders and Fernando Infante of Portugal. No record of autonomous counts of Artois has been identified between the late 9th and early 13th centuries until the installation of Robert, son of Louis VIII King of France, as Comte d'Artois in 1237.

A. COMTES d'ARTOIS 1237-1329 (CAPET)

ROBERT de France, son of LOUIS VIII King of France & his wife Infanta doña Blanca de Castilla y León (Sep 1216-killed in battle Mansurah, Egypt 9 Feb 1250). Matthew of Paris names him "Robertus comes Atrabatensis regis frater" when he records his death[168]. He was installed as Comte d'Artois 7 Jun 1237. Pope Gregory IX, having excommunicated and deposed Emperor Friedrich II, offered the imperial Crown to King Louis IX in 1239 for his brother Robert Comte d’Artois, but King Louis refused it on the latter’s behalf in 1240. Robert accompanied his brother on crusade 1249. His death is recorded by Matthew of Paris[169]. The necrology of Sainte-Chapelle records the death "IV Id Feb" of "Robertis comitis Attrebatensis"[170].

Betrothed ([1235]) to Infanta dona MARIA de Portugal, daughter of Infante don FERNANDO de Portugal [FERRAND Count of Flanders] & Hainaut & his wife Jeanne Ctss of Flanders and Hainaut (1227 or after-after 1235). After her father's death, Louis IX King of France demanded that she be sent to Paris for her education[171]. The marriage contract between “J. comitissa Flandrie et Haonie…Mariam filiam nostram” and “Ludovicum regem Francie…Robertus frater ipsius domini regis” is dated Jun 1235[172].

m (Compiègne 14 Jun 1237) as her first husband, MATHILDE de Brabant, daughter of HENRI II Duke of Brabant & his first wife Maria von Staufen (1224-29 Sep 1288, bur Abbaye de Cercamp, Artois). The Oude Kronik van Brabant names (in order) "Mechtildim comitissam Atrebatensem et Sancti Pauli, Mariam comitissam palatinam Reni, Beatricem lantgraviam Thuringie postea comitissam Flandrie, et Margaretam sanctiomonialem, postea abbatissam in Valle Ducis" as the daughters of "Henricus secundus et quintus dux Brabancie" and his first wife Marie[173]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the marriage "apud Conpendium in octavis Pentecostes" of "Francie frater regis Robertus" and "Mathilde filia ducis Brabantie"[174]. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the marriage in 1238 "apud Compendium" of "sanctus Ludovicus rex Franciæ Robertum fratrum suum" and "filiæ ducis Brabantiæ Mathildi"[175]. She married secondly (Naples before 31 May 1254) Guy [IV] de Châtillon Comte de Blois et de Saint-Pol. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Johannes…fratri Guidoni [comes] Sancti Pauli" married "Macthildem filiam Henrici ducis Brabantiæ, relictam comitis Atrebatensis Roberti"[176].

Comte Robert I & his wife had two children:

1. BLANCHE d'Artois (1248-Paris 2 May 1302, probably bur Minoresses Convent, Aldgate, London). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis records that "Henricus rex Navarræ comesque Campaniæ" married "sorore comitis Attrebatensis Roberti"[177]. The Chronicle of Thomas Wykes records the marriage in 1275 of “dominus Edmundus frater domini regis Anglorum” and “dominam reginam Naveriæ”[178]. The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis records the marriage in 1275 of "comes Attrebati Robertus...sororem...relictam regis Navarræ Henrici" and "Edmundo fratri regis Angliæ Edoardi"[179]. Regent of Navarre, during the minority of her daughter Juana Queen of Navarre, whose marriage with the future Philippe IV King of France she agreed at Orléans in May 1275. m firstly (Melun, Seine-et-Marne 1269) Infante don ENRIQUE de Navarra, son of TEOBALDO I King of Navarre [THIBAUT IV Comte de Champagne] & his third wife Marguerite de Bourbon ([1244-Pamplona 22 Jul 1274, bur Pamplona). He succeeded his brother 1270 as ENRIQUE I King of Navarre, HENRI III Comte de Champagne. m secondly (Paris before 3 Feb 1276, or [27 Jul/29 Oct] 1276) as his second wife, EDMUND “Crouchback/Gibbosus” of England Earl of Lancaster, son of HENRY III King of England & his wife Eléonore de Provence (London 16 Jan 1245-Bayonne 5 Jun 1296, bur Westminster Abbey).

2. ROBERT d'Artois (posthumously Sep 1250-killed in battle Courtrai 11 Jul 1302, bur Abbaye de Maubuisson). He succeeded his father at birth as Comte d'Artois. His paternal uncle Charles I King of Sicily named him Captain and Vicar-General of the kingdom of Sicily 25 Dec 1275, a post which he held until 3 Mar 1276. Regent of Sicily in 1284-1289 for his cousin King Charles II, during the latter's period of imprisonment, Robert was named Captain General after the king's release 15 Sep 1289. The necrology of Maubuisson records the death "V Id Jul" of "Roberti quondam Attrebatensis comitis et Mathildis defuncti filie comitisse Attrebatensis et Burgundie"[180]. m firstly (contract Paris 13 Jun 1259, 1262) AMICIE de Courtenay Dame de Conches-en-Ouches, daughter and heiress of PIERRE [I] de Courtenay Seigneur de Conches & his wife --- (1250-Rome 1275, bur Rome). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis records the death in 1275 at Rome of "comes Attrebati Robertus...uxore sua...filia...Petri de Cortenajo militis"[181]. m secondly (before 13 Jun 1277) as her second husband, AGNES de Dampierre Dame de Bourbon, widow of JEAN de Bourgogne Seigneur de Charolais, daughter and co-heiress of ARCHAMBAUD [IX] Sire de Bourbon & his wife Yolande de Châtillon heiress of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre (1237-Foggia, Apulia [5 Sep 1287/30 Jun 1288], bur Champaigue-en-Bourbonnais, église des Cordeliers). Her two marriages are confirmed by the Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis which records that "rex Franciæ fratrem suum Robertum comitem Clarimontis" married her daughter "filiam dominæ de Borbone uxoris quondam fratris ducis Burgundiæ Roberti et post comitis Attrebatensis Roberti"[182]. m thirdly (18 Oct 1298) MARGUERITE de Hainaut, daughter of JEAN II Comte de Hainaut and Holland & his wife Philippa de Luxembourg (-19 Oct 1342, bur Valenciennes, église des Cordeliers). The Chronologia Johannes de Beke names (in order) "…Margareta comitissam Atrabatensem…" as children of Count Jean & his wife[183]. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that "Robertus comes Attrebati" married "filiam Johannis Hanoniæ" as his third wife[184]. Comte Robert II & his first wife had three children:

a) PHILIPPE d'Artois (1269-near Furnes 11 Sep 1298, bur Paris, église des Jacobins). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis names "Philippum...et Robertum" as the two sons of "comes Attrebati Robertus" by his wife "filia...Petri de Cortenajo militis"[185]. He succeeded his mother in 1275 as Seigneur de Conches.

- see below, Part B.

b) ROBERT (1271-young). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis names "Philippum...et Robertum" as the two sons of "comes Attrebati Robertus" by his wife "filia...Petri de Cortenajo militis", adding that Robert died "puer"[186].

c) MATHILDE d'Artois (1268-Paris 27 Oct 1329, bur Maubuisson, église abbatiale). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis records that "comes Attrebati Robertus...unicam filiam" married "Otholinus comes Burgundiæ", dating the event to [1284/85] in a later passage[187]. She was invested as Ctss d'Artois after the death of her father, as his closest relative, her succession being disputed by her nephew Robert d'Artois. Philippe IV King of France decided the dispute in her favour 9 Oct 1309. She received Béthune at Fontainebleau in Dec 1311. The nobles of Artois rebelled against her in 1314, supported by her nephew. She was accused of criminal acts but acquitted 9 Oct 1317. "Mathildis comitissa Actrebatensis et Burgundie, palatina ac domina Salinensis" confirmed the purchase of clothes for the poor of Arbois, by "dominus noster…Philippus…Francie et Navarre rex…ac…filia nostra Johanna…regina" for the soul of "domini nostri bone memorie domini Othonis comitis Burgundie", by charter dated 20 Dec 1320[188]. The testament of "Mathildis comitssa Attrebatensis et Burgundiæ Palatina ac domina Salinensis", dated 24 Mar 1328, chooses burial "in ecclesia B. Mariæ Regalis prope Pontifaram" at the foot of "genitoris mei Roberti quondam comitis Atrebatensis" or "in ecclesia Fratrum Minorem apud Parisius" next to "Roberti…filii mei", appoints as her heir in Artois "Johannam…filiam meam…Reginam Francie et Navarræ" and in default "filiam meam Johannam ducissam Burgundiæ eiusdem Reginæ primogenitam", donated property for the soul of "domini et mariti mei Othonis quondam comitis Atrebatensis et Burgundiæ Palatini ac domini Salinensis", and makes other bequests[189]. m (9 Jun 1291) as his second wife, OTHON V Comte Palatin de Bourgogne, son of HUGUES de Chalon Comte Palatin de Bourgogne & his wife Alix Ctss Palatine de Bourgogne [Andechs-Merano] (before 1248-Melun 26 Mar 1303, bur Charlieu). Othon transferred his assets to his daughter Jeanne as her dowry by contract at Vincennes 2 Mar 1295. He settled in Paris. He led French troops to victory at the battle of Cassel, but died from his wounds soon after.

B. SEIGNEUR de CONCHES 1298-1332 (CAPET)

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

PHILIPPE d'Artois, son of ROBERT II "le Bon/le Noble" Comte d'Artois & his first wife Amicie de Courtenay (1269-near Furnes 11 Sep 1298, bur Paris, église des Jacobins). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis names "Philippum...et Robertum" as the two sons of "comes Attrebati Robertus" by his wife "filia...Petri de Cortenajo militis"[190]. He succeeded his mother in 1275 as Seigneur de Conches. He was fatally wounded at the battle of Furnes. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the death in 1298 of "Philippus filius Roberti comitis Attrebatensis" and his burial "apud fratres Prædicatores Parisius"[191].

m (contract Paris Jul 1280, Paris, église Saint-Eustache after Nov 1281) BLANCHE de Bretagne, daughter of JEAN II Duke of Brittany & his wife Beatrix of England (1270-19 Mar 1327). The Gesta Philippi Tertia Francorum Regis of Guillaume de Nangis records that "comes Attrebati Robertus...[filium] Philippum" married "filiam Johannis comitis Britanniæ Blancham, neptem Edoardi regis Angliæ"[192].

Philippe & his wife had seven children:

1. MARGUERITE d'Artois (1285-23/24 Apr or 26 Oct 1311, bur Paris, église des Jacobins). The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that one of the daughters of "Philippus filius Roberti comitis Attrebatensis" married "Ludovicus regis Franciæ frater, comes Ebroicarum"[193]. The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the marriage in 1301 of "Ludovicus comes Ebroicensis frater regis Franciæ" and "Margaretam filiam Philippi Roberti comitis Attrebatensis filii"[194]. Dame de Brie-Comte-Robert. The necrology of the church of Evreux records the death "26 Oct" of "Margarethæ quondam comitissæ Ebroicensis"[195]. m (1301) LOUIS Comte d'Evreux, son of PHILIPPE III "le Hardi" King of France & his second wife Marie de Brabant (May 1276-Hôtel d’Evreux, Paris 19 May 1319, bur Paris, église des Jacobins).

2. ROBERT d'Artois (1287-[Brest], Brittany end-Oct 1342, bur London, St Paul's). His parentage is confirmed by the Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis which records the betrothal in 1308 of "Robertus Philippi Atrebatensis filius" and "Blancham alteram filiarum quondam ducis Burgundie"[196]. He succeeded his father in 1298 as Seigneur de Conches, de Domfront et de Mehun-sur-Yèvre.

- see below.

3. JEANNE d'Artois (1289-after 24 Mar 1350). The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that the second daughter of "Philippus filius Roberti comitis Attrebatensis" married "Gasto filius Remundi Bernardi comitis Fuxinensis"[197]. Letters of Philippe IV "le Bel" King of France dated 7 April 1299 at Saint-Germain-en-Laye recall the private agreements between "Rogerius Bernardi comes Fuxi et vicecomes Bearnii" and "Philippus primogenitus…consanguinei nostri Roberti comitis Attrebatensis tempore quo vivebat" relating to the marriage between "Gasconem Fuxi primogeniti dicti comitis" and "Johannam filiam dicti Philippi"[198]. The final marriage contract is contained in letters of King Philippe IV dated Oct 1301 at Senlis which, taking into account the recent emancipation of Gaston de Foix, confirm (at the latter's request) the marriage between "Gastonem filium et fidelem nostrum Rogerium comitis Fuxensis" and "consanguineam nostram Johannam natam pie memorie Philippi primogeniti…consanguinei et fidelis nostri comitis Attrebatensis"[199]. Her son Roger Bernard [III] in his testament dated 24 Mar 1350 names his mother "egregiae dominae Johannae de Atrabato matri nostrae carissimae"[200]. Accused of scandalous conduct and prodigality, she was removed from power by her husband, and later by her son. Her son imprisoned her in 1331 at the Château de Foix, she was later moved in turn to Orthez, Lourdes and Carbonne. m (contract Senlis Oct 1301) GASTON [I] de Foix, son of ROGER BERNARD [III] Comte de Foix & his wife Marguerite de Béarn (-killed in battle Pontoise 13 Dec 1315, bur Paris, église des Jacobins). He succeeded his father in 1302 as Comte de Foix, under the regency of his mother.

4. OTHON d'Artois (-2 Nov 1291, bur Abbaye de Royaumont).

5. MARIE d'Artois (1291-Wijnendael 22 Jan 1365, bur Namur, église des Cordeliers). The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis which records that "Johannis de Namursio" married "filiam dominæ Blanchæ de Britannia" after the death of his first wife[201]. Her husband granted her as dowry the castle of Wijnendael in Flanders, the transfer being ratified by the count of Flanders in 1313. She acquired the château de Poilvache from Jean de Luxembourg King of Bohemia 20 Feb 1342, transferring it to her son Guillaume Comte de Namur 11 Sep 1353. "Marie d´Artoys contesse de Namur" acknowledged repayment of a loan from the mayor of Namur by charter dated 8 Sep 1343[202]. "Guillelmes contes de Namur" acknowledged receiving repayment of a debt due to "nostre…mère madame Marie d´Artois contesse de Namur et dame dele Escluze en Flandre" by the commune of Namur by charter dated 30 Dec 1356[203]. m (contract Paris 6 Mar 1310, confirmed Poissy Jan 1313) as his second wife, JEAN Comte de Namur, son of GUY Count of Flanders & his second wife Isabelle de Luxembourg Ctss de Namur (1267-[28 Oct 1329/31 Jan 1330], Bruges, église des Cordeliers).

6. CATHERINE d'Artois ([1296]-in Normandy Nov 1368). m (before Sep 1320) JEAN [II] de Ponthieu Comte d'Aumâle, son of JEAN [I] Comte d'Aumâle [Castile] & his wife Ide de Meullent Dame de Quittebœuf et de Fontaine-Guérard (-[16 Jan 1340 or 1342]).

7. ISABELLE d'Artois (-Poissy, Prior of Saint-Louis 12 Nov 1344, bur Poissy, Prior of Saint-Louis). Nun at the Priory of Saint-Louis at Poissy, at age 9.

ROBERT d'Artois, son of PHILIPPE d'Artois Seigneur de Conches & his wife Blanche de Bretagne (1287-[Brest], Brittany end-Oct 1342, bur London, St Paul's). His parentage is confirmed by the Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis which records the betrothal in 1308 of "Robertus Philippi Atrebatensis filius" and "Blancham alteram filiarum quondam ducis Burgundie"[204]. He succeeded his father in 1298 as Seigneur de Conches, de Domfront et de Mehun-sur-Yèvre. Having been dispossessed from Artois after the death of his grandfather by his aunt Mathilde, on his coming of age in 1308 he seised the parlement with a demand for the restitution of the county. Philippe IV King of France, as arbitrator, found in favour of his aunt 9 Oct 1309, but invested Robert III as Comte de Beaumont-le-Roger in compensation. Robert supported the nobles who rebelled against Mathilde in 1314. These nobles supported him in turn in 1316 when Robert conquered Arras and Saint-Omer, towns which he was obliged to relinquish by the Treaty of Amiens 6 Nov 1316 after which he was imprisoned in Châtelet, later at the Palais du Louvre, until 25 Mar 1317. An arbitral tribunal dismissed his claim to Artois again 28 May 1318. After the accession of King Charles IV in 1322, Robert recovered a position of power and was reappointed to the Royal Council. After Charles IV's death, Robert supported the accession of his brother-in-law Philippe VI, who made him one of his principal counsellors. This support did not help when he renewed his claims to Artois after the deaths of his aunt Mathilde and her daughter Jeanne, queen of Philippe V King of France. Robert was judged to have forged letters of gift, was banished 19 Mar 1332, and his assets confiscated. He sought refuge in Brussels in Sep 1331 with his cousin the Duke of Brabant, later with the Comte de Namur, and in 1334 he left for England where King Edward III appointed him to his Council, and created him Earl of Richmond. He encouraged Edward to claim the French throne, triggering the hundred years war, and was declared an enemy of the state in France 7 Mar 1336. After playing an active part in the English military campaigns in Flanders and Brittany, he was wounded at the siege of Vannes, dying soon after.

[Betrothed (1308) to --- de Bourgogne, daughter of ROBERT II Duke of Burgundy & his wife Agnes de France (-1308 or after). The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the betrothal in 1308 of "Robertus Philippi Atrebatensis filius" and "Blancham alteram filiarum quondam ducis Burgundie"[205]. This record has not been explained. Blanche, daughter of Robert II Duke of Burgundy, was already married to Edouard de Savoie in 1308. Assuming that Robert d´Artois was betrothed to a daughter of Duke Robert II, she must have been an otherwise unrecorded daughter who, presumably, died young soon after the betrothal, as records have been identified which indicate that all his other known daughters were already betrothed or married at that date.]

m (contract 1318) JEANNE de Valois, daughter of CHARLES de France Comte de Valois & his second wife Catherine de Courtenay (1304-in prison Château-Gaillard 9 Jul 1363, bur Paris, église des Augustins). The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the marriage in 1316 of "Robertus Attrebatensis comitissæ nepos ex fratre" and "filiam comitis Valesii"[206]. She was called Madame d'Artois. She encouraged her husband to revolt, the king her brother arrested her in 1334. She was imprisoned at Château-Gaillard, where she died many years later.

Comte Robert & his wife had six children:

1. LOUIS d'Artois (1320-after 25 Aug 1326).

2. JEAN d'Artois "Sans-Terre" (29 Aug 1321-6 Apr 1387, bur Eu, église abbatiale de Notre-Dame). He was imprisoned at Château-Gaillard after the trial of his father, but released on the accession in 1350 of Jean II "le Bon" King of France who created him Comte d'Eu in Feb 1351. The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, records that Jean II King of France granted the county of Eu to "messire Jehan d´Artois...fliz de messire Robert d´Artois" after the death of Raoul[207].

- COMTES d'EU.

3. JEANNE d'Artois (1323-young).

4. JACQUES d'Artois (1325-after 1 May 1347). Imprisoned with his brother Robert at Nemours in 1342, later at Château-Gaillard.

5. ROBERT d'Artois (1326- after 1 May 1347). The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, names "Pierre d´Artois, Charles d´Artois" as the two younger sons of "messire Robert d´Artois" and his wife "madame Jehanne de Biaumont"[208]. Imprisoned with his brother Jacques at Nemours in 1342, later at Château-Gaillard.

6. CHARLES d'Artois (1328-1385). The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, names "Pierre d´Artois, Charles d´Artois" as the two younger sons of "messire Robert d´Artois" and his wife "madame Jehanne de Biaumont"[209]. Imprisoned at Château-Gaillard with his mother in 1334, he was released on the accession in 1350 of Jean II "le Bon" King of France and joined the war against England. He was invested as Comte de Longueville, on his marriage. Captured at the battle of Poitiers in 1356, Charles was taken to London where he stayed four years at the Savoy Hotel. He was later a hostage for King Jean II under the Treaty of Brétigny. The king retook Longueville 24 Oct 1360, but created him Comte de Pézenas in Aug 1362. Hoping to recover the county of Artois, Charles defected to the English in 1367, resulting in the confiscation of his possessions in France. After a brief reconciliation with Charles V King of France, he rebelled again and was arrested at Agde in 1375 by Louis Duc d'Anjou. m (1356) as her second husband, JEANNE de Baussay, widow of GEOFFROY de Beaumont-au-Maine Seigneur du Lude [Chamberlain of King Philippe VI], daughter and heiress of HUGUES Seigneur de Baussay & his wife Alix de Doncelles (-Mar 1402). She succeeded her father before 31 Aug 1357 as Dame de Baussay [en-Loudunois] et de Champigny-sur-Veude. She sold her lands to Louis Duc d'Anjou. Comte Charles & his wife had two children:

a) LOUIS d'Artois (1362-young, bur Loudun, Vienne, église des Cordeliers, sépulture des Seigneurs de Baussay).

b) child.

C. CHÂTELAINS de DOUAI

The charter dated 1024, quoted below, suggests that the châtelain de Douai was at that time the vassal of the count of Flanders. However, the town lay within the county of Artois which Philippe Count of Flanders granted to his niece Isabelle de Hainaut as her dowry when she married Philippe II "Auguste" King of France in 1180.

HUGUES Châtelain de Douai, son of --- (-before 26 Apr 1051). Châtelain de Douai. "Heustatii comitis, Roheri comitis, Huberti castellani, Hugonis castellani…" signed the charter dated 1024 which records the dedication of the crypt of Saint-Amé de Douai, in the presence of Baudouin V Count of Flanders[210]. "Major minorque advocatus, castellanus…Hugo" confirmed a donation to Saint-Amé by charter dated to [1035][211]. A charter dated to [1031/51] attests the submission of "…castellanus…Hugo…" to the church of Saint-Amé de Douai[212].

m ADELA de Cambrai, daughter of GAUTHIER [II] Châtelain de Cambrai & his wife Ermentrude --- (-before 1046). Her parentage is deduced from the Chronicon Sancti Andreæ which names "Walterus et pater eius Walterus et nepos eius Hugo"[213], assuming that "nepos" should here be translated as grandson. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage more precisely, and her name, has not yet been identified. A charter of Gérard Bishop of Cambrai dated 23 May 1081, which reviews the rights and obligations of the church of Saint-Amé de Douai, records donations by "Hugonis castellani et Adeline uxoris eius" and "Gualterus Duacensis castellanus…et Adeline filie eius"[214].

Hugues & his wife had two children:

1. GAUTHIER [I] de Douai (-after 28 Jul 1111). Châtelain de Douai. "…Walteri castellani, Hugonis eius fratris…" signed a charter dated 26 Apr 1051 which records an agreement between the chapter of Saint-Amé and "Robertum…Lothas"[215]. "…Arnulphi de Aldinarda, Walterii de Chimai, Walteri comitis de Hesdin, Balduini comitis de Gisnes, Walteri castellani Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1065 under Philippe I King of France confirmed the rights of Hasnon abbey[216]. "Walterus castellanus…cum uxore sua…Ermengardi" donated property to Saint-Amé de Douai by charter dated 14 Sep 1076[217]. A charter of Gérard Bishop of Cambrai dated 23 May 1081, which reviews the rights and obligations of the church of Saint-Amé de Douai, records donations by "Hugonis castellani et Adeline uxoris eius" and "Gualterus Duacensis castellanus…et Adeline filie eius"[218]. He owned land in Surrey, Somerset and Devon in 1086. He became a monk at Mont-Saint-Eloy. Europäische Stammtafeln dates this event to 1096[219]. However, a charter dated 8 Jan 1088, quoted below, names Eudes as Châtelain de Douai. It would therefore appear that Gauthier [I] lost the châtellenie in [1086/88], although the circumstances in which this occurred are not known. Two charters show that Gauthier pursued an active career after he retired to the monastery, in each being referred to as "ex-châtelain". Firstly, "Gautherii, prius castellani Duacensis, modo autem clerici, Hugonis, fratris eiusdem, Cameraco, Rogeri castellani de Insula, Frimoldi de eadem Insula…" signed the charter dated 3 Feb 1097 which records the settlement of a dispute between the count of Flanders and the abbey of Saint-Martin de Tours[220]. Secondly, "…Gualteri quondam castellani…" signed the charter dated 1111 which records an agreement between Saint-Amé de Douai and "Nicolaus Albiniacensis, miles"[221]. m ERMENGARDE, daughter of ---. "Walterus castellanus…cum uxore sua…Ermengardi" donated property to Saint-Amé de Douai by charter dated 14 Sep 1076[222]. Gauthier & his wife had one child:

a) ADELINE . A charter of Gérard Bishop of Cambrai dated 23 May 1081, which reviews the rights and obligations of the church of Saint-Amé de Douai, records donations by "Hugonis castellani et Adeline uxoris eius" and "Gualterus Duacensis castellanus…et Adeline filie eius"[223].

2. HUGUES [I] de Douai (-1111 or after). "…Walteri castellani, Hugonis eius fratris…" signed a charter dated 26 Apr 1051 which records an agreement between the chapter of Saint-Amé and "Robertum…Lothas"[224]. The Chronicon Sancti Andreæ names "Walterus et pater eius Walterus et nepos eius Hugo"[225]. The Gesta Pontificum Cameracensium (Gesta Burchardi I) names "Hugo de Osgiacho filius Hugonis castellanus Cameracensis" when recording that he was installed as Châtelain de Cambrai[226]. The text also refers to "comes Robertus", which presumably refers to Robert II Count of Flanders. As count Robert died in 1111, this passage must refer to Hugues [I]. m ADA de Rumigny, daughter of ---. The Gesta Cameracensium names "iuvenculam Adame neptem Richeldis Montensis comitiissæ" as wife of Hugues Châtelain de Cambrai[227]. Her family relationship with Richildis de Hainaut Ctss de Mons has not been established. Hugues [I] & his wife had three children:

- CHÂTELAINS de CAMBRAI.

1. EUDES (-after 8 Jan 1088). The parentage of Eudes is not known, nor whether he was related to the earlier châtelains de Douai. Châtelain de Douai. "…Rotgeri Hislensis castellani…Evrardi Tornacensis castellani…Odonis de Duaco castellani…" signed the charter dated 8 Jan 1088 under which Robert II Count of Flanders confirmed a donation by "Anselmus de Monte Ribodonis" to the abbey of Ribemont, for the soul of "patris sui Anselmi"[228]. It is not known how long Eudes retained the châtellenie de Douai as no mention of him has been found in any other document.

1. GAUTHIER [II] (-[1156/60]). The parentage of Gauthier [II] is not known, nor whether he was related to the earlier châtelains de Douai. The names Gauthier and Hugues in his family suggest that there may have been a family relationship with the family of Châtelain Gauthier [I] but this cannot be proved. Châtelain de Douai. It is unclear whether Gauthier [II] was the successor of Eudes as châtelain or whether an intermediate individual held the post. Nor is it known when Gauthier was appointed as châtelain. His date of death suggests that Gauthier [II] would not have been born when his predecessor Eudes was named as châtelain in 1088. "…Waltero castellano Duacensium…" signed the charter dated 1146 under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the abbey of Hennin-Liétard[229]. "…Henrici de Broburc conestabuli, Rogeri de Wavrin, Rogeri castelli de Curtrai…Gualteri castellani de Duaco" signed the charter dated 1154 under which Thierry Count of Flanders settled the rights and obligations of the prevost of Saint-Amand de Douai[230]. "Rogeri dapiferi et Hellini filii eius, Eustachii camerarii, Arnulfi pincerne, Anselli de Hosden et Roberti filii eius, Hugonis castellani de Bathpalmis, Walteri castellani de Duaco…" signed the charter dated 1156 under which Thierry Count of Flanders forbade the construction of a castle at Courcelles-le-Comte without the agreement of the abbey of Eaucourt[231]. m ---. The name of Gauthier´s wife is not known. Gauthier [II] & his wife had seven children:

a) MICHEL (-28 Mar [1190]). Châtelain de Douai. "…Rogerus frater Michahelis castellani Duacensis…" signed the charter dated to [1160] under which Thierry Count of Flanders granted revenue to the abbey of Anchin[232]. "…Rogeri de Wavrin, Hellini filii ipsius, Michaelis constabularii, Symonis castellani de Oisi, Hugonis castellani de Pulchro Manso, Michaelis castellani de Duaco…Hugonis prepositi Sancti Petri Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1161 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Aubert at Vitry[233]. "…R. Atrebatensis advocati, J. castellani Insulensis, M. castellani Duacensis, B. castellani Atrebatensis…" signed the charter dated 1187 under which Philippe Count of Flanders recorded an agreement with the bishop of Arras concerning Vitry[234]. The obituary of Saint-Amé de Douai records the death "V Kal Apr" of "Mikael Duacensis castellanus"[235]. m ---. The name of Michel´s wife is not known. Michel & his wife had two children:

i) GAUTHIER [III] (-[21 Feb] [1208]). Châtelain de Douai. "…Walterus castellanus de Duaco…" signed the charter dated 18 Aug 1199 which records the alliance between the king of England and the count of Flanders against the king of France[236]. "Walterus castellanus Duacensis" confirmed the foundation by "Michael castellanus Duacensis, pater meus" in favour of Saint-Amé de Douai by charter dated 1 Oct 1199[237].

- see below.

ii) BAUDOUIN (-after 1208). A charter dated 1208 records the confirmation by Raoul Bishop of Arras of the obits established by "Galterus castellanus Duacensis" and "Michael pater suus", witnessed by "Baldeuinus miles de Marketa, patruus ipsius castellani, et castellanus Atrebatensis, frater ipsius"[238]. Châtelain d´Arras.

b) ROGER (-after [1160]). "…Rogerus frater Michahelis castellani Duacensis…" signed the charter dated to [1160] under which Thierry Count of Flanders granted revenue to the abbey of Anchin[239].

c) HUGUES . "…Rogeri de Wavrin, Hellini filii ipsius, Michaelis constabularii, Symonis castellani de Oisi, Hugonis castellani de Pulchro Manso, Michaelis castellani de Duaco…Hugonis prepositi Sancti Petri Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1161 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Saint-Aubert at Vitry[240]. Elect of Cambrai.

d) BAUDOUIN de Marquette (-after 1208). A charter dated 1208 records the confirmation by Raoul Bishop of Arras of the obits established by "Galterus castellanus Duacensis" and "Michael pater suus", witnessed by "Baldeuinus miles de Marketa, patruus ipsius castellani, et castellanus Atrebatensis, frater ipsius"[241]. m ---. The name of Baudouin´s wife is not known. Baudouin & his wife had two children:

i) GILES . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1200/09] under which "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[242].

ii) PIERRE . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1200/09] under which "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[243].

e) PIERRE de Douai . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1200/09] under which "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[244]. m ---. The name of Pierre´s wife is not known. Pierre & his wife had one child:

i) JEAN de Douai . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1200/09] under which "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[245].

f) --- . The identity of the parents of Henri is not known, but the charter quoted below shows that either his father or mother was brother or sister of Pierre de Douai. m ---. Two children:

i) HENRI de Mausny . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1200/09] under which "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[246].

g) [--- . The identity of the parents of Gauthier is not known, but the charter quoted below shows that either his father or mother was brother or sister of Pierre de Douai. It is not known whether Henri de Mausny and Gauthier d´Aubrechicourt were brothers or cousins.] m ---. Two children:

i) GAUTHIER d´Aubrechicourt . His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated to [1200/09] under which "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[247].

GAUTHIER [III] de Douai, son of MICHEL Châtelain de Douai & his wife --- (-[21 Feb] [1208]). Châtelain de Douai. "…Walterus castellanus de Duaco…" signed the charter dated 18 Aug 1199 which records the alliance between the king of England and the count of Flanders against the king of France[248]. "Walterus castellanus Duacensis" confirmed the foundation by "Michael castellanus Duacensis, pater meus" in favour of Saint-Amé de Douai by charter dated 1 Oct 1199[249]. A charter dated 1208 records the confirmation by Raoul Bishop of Arras of the obits established by "Galterus castellanus Duacensis" and "Michael pater suus", witnessed by "Baldeuinus miles de Marketa, patruus ipsius castellani, et castellanus Atrebatensis, frater ipsius"[250]. The obituary of Saint-Amé de Douai records the death "IX Kal Mar" of "Walterus Duacensis castellanus"[251].

m AGNES de Beaumez, daughter of --- Châtelain de Beaumez & his wife --- (-after 23 Jun 1225). By charter dated to [1200/09] "Pieres de Douay" recorded the dower granted by "Wautiers mes nies castelains de Douay" to "Agnes fille le castelain de Bapaumes", witnessed by "Bauduin de Marquete men frère…et ses ii fius Gillon et Peron…mes neveus Henri de Mausni, Wautier de Aubrechicourt et Jehan men fil…"[252]. "Agnes castellana Duacensis" donated property, which had belonged to "bone memorie Hugonis quondam Cameracensis electi" and inherited by "dno Waltero quondam castellano Duacensem marito meo" from "fratribus ipsius electi", to the abbey of Près where "Elysabeth filie mee…abbatissa loci illius", by charter dated 23 Jun 1225[253].

Gauthier [III] & his wife had two children:

1. GAUTHIER [IV] (-before Feb 1255). His parentage is confirmed by the charter dated 1221 under which "Walterus castellanus de Duaco et Havidis uxor mea", in the presence of "Agnes castellana mater eius", witnessed by "dns Petrus de Duaco et filius ipsius Petrus clericus et Henricus de Mauni et Waltoldus de Obricourt milites…"[254]. Châtelain de Douai. "Walterus castellanus Duacensis et Walterus filius meus major natu" created the fief of Viel-Châtel d´Hamblaing by charter dated Jun 1238[255]. m HAWIDE, daughter of ---. "Walterus castellanus de Duaco et Havidis uxor mea" sold the right to revenue to the abbey of Près by charter dated 1221, witnessed by "dns Petrus de Duaco et filius ipsius Petrus clericus et Henricus de Mauni et Waltoldus de Obricourt milites…"[256]. "Havydis relicta quondam Walteri castellani de Duaco militis" approved a donation to the abbey of Sin by charter dated Feb 1255[257]. "Havis castelaine de Douai dame de Viteri et de Montegni, mesires Gilles de Brillon chevaliers…" issued a charter dated 20 May 1262 relating to the revenue of the chaplain of Vitry[258]. Gauthier [V] & his wife had three children:

a) GAUTHIER [V] (-before 23 May 1286). "Walterus castellanus Duacensis et Walterus filius meus major natu" created the fief of Viel-Châtel d´Hamblaing by charter dated Jun 1238[259]. "Watiers chevaliers, castelains de Douay" founded an obit at the church of Saint-Amé de Douai for himself and "Jehenain me feme castelaine de Douay" by charter dated Jan 1260[260]. m JEANNE de Roisin, daughter of ---. "Watiers chevaliers, castelains de Douay" founded an obit at the church of Saint-Amé de Douai for himself and "Jehenain me feme castelaine de Douay" by charter dated Jan 1260[261]. "Medame Jehane de Roisin castelaine de Douai" issued instructions to the bishop of Arras concerning the castle of Vitry by charter dated 23 May 1286[262].

- CHÂTELAINS de DOUAI[263].

b) HUGUES . A charter dated Jul 1257 records the arrest of "Hugonem filium…castellane" on the order of the king of France[264].

c) GILLES de Brillon . "Havis castelaine de Douai dame de Viteri et de Montegni, mesires Gilles de Brillon chevaliers…" issued a charter dated 20 May 1262 relating to the revenue of the chaplain of Vitry[265].

2. ISABELLE . Abbess de Notre Dame des Près-lez-Douai. "Agnes castellana Duacensis" donated property, which had belonged to "bone memorie Hugonis quondam Cameracensis electi" and inherited by "dno Waltero quondam castellano Duacensem marito meo" from "fratribus ipsius electi", to the abbey of Près where "Elysabeth filie mee…abbatissa loci illius", by charter dated 23 Jun 1225[266].

D. SEIGNEURS de LILLERS

1. --- (-before 1043). m RANSUIDE, daughter of --- (-after 1043). "Wenemarus dominus de Lileriis cum fratre meo Ingelramno et matre mea Ransuide" founded "ecclesiam…apud castrum de Lileriis", with the consent of "Balduini Flandriæ comitis…Henrico rege Francorum…", by charter dated 1043[267]. Two children:

a) WENEMAR (-after 1043). Seigneur de Lillers. "Wenemarus dominus de Lileriis cum fratre meo Ingelramno et matre mea Ransuide" founded "ecclesiam…apud castrum de Lileriis", with the consent of "Balduini Flandriæ comitis…Henrico rege Francorum…", by charter dated 1043[268].

b) ENGUERRAND (-after 1093). "Wenemarus dominus de Lileriis cum fratre meo Ingelramno et matre mea Ransuide" founded "ecclesiam…apud castrum de Lileriis", with the consent of "Balduini Flandriæ comitis…Henrico rege Francorum…", by charter dated 1043[269]. Seigneur de Lillers. "Ingelranus…castri Lilleriensis dominus et nobilis uxor eius Emma" founded Ham abbey by charter dated 1093, witnessed by "Manasses comes Gisnensis, Robertus advocatus Bethuniæ, Bernardus de Ballol, Hugo Albiniensis…"[270]. m EMMA, daughter of --- (-after 1093). "Ingelranus…castri Lilleriensis dominus et nobilis uxor eius Emma" founded Ham abbey by charter dated 1093[271].

Chapter 3. COMTES de BOULOGNE

The county of Boulogne on the North Sea coast developed under the control of the counts of Flanders. The history of the county before its capture by Flanders has not been traced. The first Flemish count of Boulogne was Adalolf, who succeeded his father Baudouin II Count of Flanders in Boulogne in 918 (see Part A below). After Adalolf died in 933, his brother Arnoul I Count of Flanders seized Boulogne and disinherited his nephews[272]. Adalolf and his immediate successors acquired control over Thérouanne, Fauquemberghes and Saint-Omer in the northern part of Ternois, but these territories were seized by Baudouin IV Count of Flanders in the early 1000s. Isolated references have been found to counts of Boulogne in the late 10th and early 11th centuries but these inidividuals have not been connected to the family of Adalolf, as shown below. Eustache [I] emerged as comte de Boulogne in the 1040s, and Boulogne continued to be held by his family until the 1120s, when it passed by marriage to a branch of the counts of Blois (see Part B below). A younger brother of Eustache [II] Comte de Boulogne briefly held the county of Lens in the mid-11th century, before it was incorporated into Flanders.

The so-called Genealogica comitum Buloniensium[273], the earliest versions of which were composed towards the end of the 11th century, is useful in outlining the Carolingian ancestry of Mathilde de Louvain, wife of Eustache I Comte de Boulogne, but ignores the earlier history of the Comtes de Boulogne.

The counts of Boulogne were lords of the following territories:

· the county of Boulogne itself, which was held from the king of France. Vanderkindere describes the approximate boundaries of the pagus Bononiensis: north of the river Canche, south-west of the county of Guines and the seigneurie of Ardres, and west of the pagus Teruanensis[274].

· the county of Lens (from the early 10th century until Baudouin V Count of Flanders acquired overlordship for Flanders [after 1056]).

· the territorium Mercatii (the settlements of Marck, Calais and their hinterland) to the north, separated from the county of Boulogne by the county of Guines.

· the Ternois to the south. Vanderkindere describes the approximate boundaries of the pagus Teruanensis: west of the Mempisque in the county of Flanders and the pagus Atrebatensis, north of the county of Ponthieu, and west of the pagus Bononiensis[275]. In the southern part, the county of Saint-Pol was formed as a fiefdom of the county of Boulogne. In the northern part, including Thérouanne, Fauquembergues and Saint-Omer, Baudouin IV Count of Flanders established control.

A. EARLY COMTES de BOULOGNE

1. ERCHANGER (-after 7 Nov 921). The Annales Vedastini record that "Herkengero comite" sent letters to Germany requesting help when the Vikings attacked Paris in 886[276]. The Annales Vedastini record that "Rodulfus comes" took the property of "Heribertus et Erkingerus" in 896, the editor of the compilation suggesting that the latter was Comte de Melun[277]. The Sermone de Adventu SS Wandregisili, Ansberti et Vulfranni recalls that "Erkengerus comes et Arnoldus" brought back part of the hand of "sancti enim Chiliani" from "Germania" to "Bononiensem civitatem", probably dated to the late 9th or early 10th century[278]. The Vita Bertulfi Renticensis records that "Bononiensium comes fuit Erkengarius", during the reign of "Carolus rex" which must refer to Charles III "le Simple" King of France as the preceding sentence refers to the king's capture by "Heribertus comes Viromanduorum" which is dated to 922[279]. It therefore appears that Erchanger was Comte de Boulogne. A document dated 7 Nov 921 recording a meeting between Charles III "le Simple" King of France and Heinrich I King of Germany names "Matfredus, Erkengerus, Hagano, Boso, Waltherus, Isaac, Ragenberus, Theodricus, Adalardus, Adelelmus" as representatives of the former[280].

B. COMTES de BOULOGNE (FLANDERS)

ADALOLF [Æthelwulf] of Flanders, son of BAUDOUIN II Count of Flanders & his wife Ælfthryth of Wessex (after [893/99]-13 Nov 933, bur Monastery of St Pierre). The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names (in order) "Arnulfum, fratrem eius Adelulfum" as the two sons of "Balduinus"[281]. "Adalolphus" is named as son of Count Baudouin II in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, which specifies that he succeeded his father in 918 as Comte de Boulogne et de Thérouanne, lay-Abbot of St Bertin[282]. "Elstrudis comitissa…cum filiis suis Arnulfo et Adelolfo" donated "hereditatem suam Liefsham…in terra Anglorum in Cantia" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris sui Baldwini", by charter dated 11 Sep 918[283]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 933 of "Adalulfus comes", specifying that he was buried "in monasterio sancti Petri"[284]. The De Arnulfo Comite records that "Adalulfi…uterinus frater Arnulfi magni" was killed by his own swineherd in a wood[285]. After his death in 933, his brother Arnoul I Count of Flanders seized the Boulonnais and Ternois, disinheriting his nephews[286].

m ---. The name of Adalolf's wife is not known.

Comte Adalolf & his wife had two children:

1. son (-962 before Sep). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

2. ARNOUL [I] de Boulogne ([920/25]-after 31 Jan 972). "Arnulfus nepos ipsius comitis [Arnulfi]" is named in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[287]. It is unlikely that he was born much before [920/25] considering the estimated birth date of his father. Lothaire IV King of the West Franks installed him as Comte de Boulogne et du Ternois[288]. "…Arnulfi Bononiensis comitis, Engelberti advocati…" signed the charter dated 31 Jan 972 under which "Arnulfus…marchysus" confirmed the possession of "Harnas…in pago Seirbiu" to Saint-Pierre de Gand[289].

Comte Adalolf had one illegitimate son by an unknown mistress:

3. BAUDOUIN [Baldzo] (-[28 Mar/29 Oct] 965 or 973). The De Arnulfo Comite names "Balduino cognamento Baldzoni…filius Adalulfi…ex concubina", specifying that he was guardian of the infant Arnoul II Count of Flanders, having previously been adopted by Count Arnoul I after his father was killed[290]. He was appointed regent of Flanders in 964 on the accession of Arnoul II Count of Flanders. "Theodericus comes et Baldwinus cognomento Baldzo et Ericus et Everwinus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris sui Arnulfi defuncti", by charter dated 28 Mar 965[291]. Taking advantage of the weakness of the county during the minority of the new count, he made himself Comte de Courtrai[292]. He donated "villam Traslingehem" to the abbey of St Pieter[293]. A charter dated 29 Oct 965 records that "Baldwinus bone memorie cognomento Baldzo" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senioris Arnulfi", signed by "Odgaudo advocato…"[294]. [The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 973 of "Balzo filius Rodulfi comitis"[295], presumably an error for "Adalolfi" as it is unclear to whom "Rodulfi comes" refers. The Annales Formoselenses also record the death in 973 of "Balzo, filius Rodulfi comitis"[296].]

The relationship between the following three family groups and Count Adalolf is not known, although the continuity of the names Arnoul and Baudouin suggests that a close family connection is likely. If they are related, chronology suggests that there were two generations between Count Arnoul [I] and Count Eustache [I].

1. ERNICULE de Boulogne . m ---. The name of Ernicule's wife is not known. Comte Ernicule & his wife had three children:

a) ARNOUL de Boulogne . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Ernulpho…et Eustacio" as the two sons of "Bolonie comitem…Erniculum"[297].

b) EUSTACHE de Boulogne . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Ernulpho…et Eustacio" as the two sons of "Bolonie comitem…Erniculum"[298].

c) MATHILDE de Boulogne . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Bolonie comitis Erniculi filiam Mathildem" as wife of "Ardolphus"[299]. m ARDOLF Comte de Guines, son of SIEGFRIED Comte de Guines & his wife Elstrude de Flandre (966-).

1. BAUDOUIN (-after 1 Apr 988). "…Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite, Artoldo comite, Baldwino comite, item Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[300]. same person as…? [BAUDOUIN] de Boulogne (-killed in battle [1033]). The primary source which confirms his name has not yet been identified. Comte de Boulogne. m as her first husband, ALEIDA [van Westfriesland], daughter of [ARNULF Graaf van Westfriesland [Holland] & his wife Liutgard de Luxembourg]. The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Angelran" killed "le comte de Boulogne" in battle and married his widow "Adelvie…qui était de l'origine la plus illustre", after which he adopted the title comte[301]. She is named as the possible daughter of Arnulf, and her two marriages are shown, in Europäische Stammtafeln[302] but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. She married secondly [as his second wife,] Enguerrand Avoué de Saint-Riquier.

1. EUSTACHE [I] de Boulogne (-[1049]). Comte de Boulogne. Malbodus, abbatus" records donations to the abbey of Saint-Amand by charter dated to [1061] including "villam…Lurcium" held "ex comite Balduino" by "Eustachius comes et quidam miles Rainerus"[303]. It is possible, but not certain, that this charter refers to Eustache [I]. "Karolus…comes Flandrie" confirmed property of the abbey of Marchiennes at Lille by charter dated 1125 which names "comes Balduinus proavus meus…coniuge sua comitissa Adela, et…baronibus suis Eustachio…comite Bolonie, Rogero comite de Sancto Paulo"[304], presumably referring to Baudouin V Count of Flanders and so dated to between 1035 and 1067, in which case the document could refer either to Eustache [I] or Eustache [II]. m MATHILDE de Louvain, daughter of LAMBERT I "le Barbu" Comte de Louvain & his wife Gerberge de Lorraine [Carolingian] ([990/1000]-). The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium records that "Henricum seniorem de Bursella [=filius Ermengardis]" was father of "Lambertum comitem et Henricum fratrem eius et Mathildem sororem eorum", specifying that Mathilde married "comes Eustachius de Bolonia"[305], but this appears to be a confused representation of the situation. The primary source which confirms that Mathilde was the daughter of Comte Lambert [I] has not yet been identified but this is compatible with the chronology. Her birth date range is estimated from the estimated date of her parents' marriage and the likely birth date of her eldest son in [1015/20]. This shows that it is chronologically impossible for Mathilde's father to have been the son of Ermengardis of Lower Lotharingia. Comte Eustache I & his wife had five children:

a) EUSTACHE [II] "Gernobadatus" de Boulogne ([1015/20]-[soon after 1070/1087]). The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium records that "Eustachium et Lantbertum" were sons of "comes Eustachius de Bolonia" and his wife Mathilde[306]. He succeeded his father in [1049] as Comte de Boulogne.

- see below.

b) GEOFFROI de Boulogne (-[30 Apr/1 May] 1095). The Flandria Generosa names "Gosfridus episcopus Parisiacensis, frater Eustachii comitis Boloniensis"[307]. Bishop of Paris 1061. Chancellor of France 1075-1077, and 1081-1085. Arch-Chancellor of France 1085-1092.

c) LAMBERT de Boulogne (-killed in battle Phalampin 1054). The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium records that "Eustachium et Lantbertum" were sons of "comes Eustachius de Bolonia" and his wife Mathilde[308]. Comte de Lens 1047. After his death, the county of Lens reverted to his older brother Eustache [II][309]. m ([1053/54]) as her second husband, ADELAIS de Normandie, widow of ENGUERRAND [II] Comte de Montreuil Sire d’Aumâle, illegitimate daughter of ROBERT II "le Diable" Duke of Normandy & his mistress --- (-[1082/84]). Robert de Torigny names "Aeliz" as the daughter of Duke Robert II "de alia concubina" from Herleve[310]. The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum”[311]. She retained the title Comtesse d'Aumâle after her first marriage. Her second marriage is deduced from the foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy which names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum” and “Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia”[312]. Orderic Vitalis calls her "the king's sister" when referring to her marriage to Eudes Comte de Troyes[313]. She married thirdly ([1060]) Eudes III Comte de Troyes [Blois]. Lambert & his wife had one child:

i) JUDITH (1054-after 1086). The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy narrates the church´s foundation by “Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla” and names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum” and “Addelidis comitissa supradicti Engueranni et supradicte Adelidis filia…Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia”[314]. The Vita et Passio Waldevi Comitis records that “Waldevus” married “rex Willelmus…neptem suam Juettam filiam comitis Lamberti de Lens, sororem…Stephani comitis de Albemarlia”[315]. A manuscript records that “Juditha comitissa…uxor Waldevi comitis Huntingdon, et neptis Gulielmi Conquestoris” founded Elstow priory[316]. Her marriage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis who calls her the king's "consobrina"[317]. Orderic Vitalis says Waltheof's marriage with Judith was arranged by King William "to strengthen the bonds of friendship" with her future husband[318]. She deposed against her husband when he was accused of involvement in the conspiracy of the Earls of Norfolk and Hereford in 1075[319]. m (1070) WALTHEOF Earl of Huntingdon, son of SIWARD Earl of Northumbria & his wife Ælfled of Northumbria (-executed St Giles's Hill, Winchester 31 May 1076, bur Crowland Abbey).

d) [IDA . Receuil des historiens des croisades[320], Runciman [321] and Riley-Smith [322] all say that the paternal grandmother of Baudouin II King of Jerusalem was the daughter of Eustache [I] Comte de Boulogne but the primary source on which this suggestion is based has not been identified. There is no mention of such a daughter in the Genealogica comitum Boloniensium. The wife of Comte Manassès is named Judith in a document of 1081 for the church of Breaux in which the couple appears together with their son Hugues[323]. Runciman321 and Riley-Smith322 both name her "Ida", the former naming her husband "Baldwin of Le Bourg Count of Rethel" which is doubly inconsistent with the charter evidence just cited. m MANASSES [III] Comte de Rethel, son of [MANASSES [II] Comte de Rethel] & his wife --- (-1081 or after).]

e) GERBERGE de Boulogne (-before 1059, bur Abbey of Stablo). The Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi names "Gerbergam, Friderici ducis uxorem" as daughter of "Mathildis filia Gerberge"[324] but does not state the name of her father. m as his first wife, FREDERIC Duke of Lower Lotharingia Vogt de Stablo-Malmédy, son of FRIEDRICH Graf im Moselgau, Vogt of Stablo and Malmédy [Luxembourg] & his wife [--- von Hammerstein] [Konradiner] (-28 Aug 1065, bur Stablo).

EUSTACHE [II] "Gernobadatus" de Boulogne , son of EUSTACHE [I] Comte de Boulogne & his wife Mathilde de Louvain ([1015/20]-[soon after 1070/1087]). The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium records that "Eustachium et Lantbertum" were sons of "comes Eustachius de Bolonia" and his wife Mathilde[325]. His birth date range is estimated from the date of his first marriage, and bearing in mind the estimated birth date range of his mother. He succeeded his father in [1049] as Comte de Boulogne. Simeon of Durham records that "Eustace the elder earl of Boulogne who had married king Eadward's sister Goda" landed at Dover in Sep 1051[326]. When returning from visiting Edward "the Confessor" King of England in 1051, he was involved in an affray at Canterbury during which one of his men was killed. The refusal of Godwin Earl of Wessex to punish the offenders led to the Earl's temporary banishment from England[327]. Comte de Lens 1054. "Eustatii comitis" witnessed a charter of "Balduinus Flandrensium comes" dated 6 Jan 1056[328]. He took part in the battle of Hastings 14 Oct 1066[329], was awarded a large fief "the honour of Boulogne"[330], but soon quarrelled with William I King of England. He launched an attack on England in 1067, but withdrew after landing. His English lands were confiscated, but later restored. Boulogne's strategic importance grew as it became the main port for importing English wool for the Flemish cloth trade.

m firstly ([1036]) as her second husband, GODGIFU [Goda] of England, widow of DREUX [Drogo] Comte de Mantes et du Vexin, daughter of ÆTHELRED II King of England & his second wife Emma de Normandie (-before 1049). Her parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis, who says that she went into exile in Normandy with her brother[331], which can be dated from other sources to 1013. Her first marriage was arranged by Robert II Duke of Normandy[332], indicating that she probably did not return to England. Her second marriage is referred to by Florence of Worcester[333]. Simeon of Durham records that "Eustace the elder earl of Boulogne who had married king Eadward's sister Goda" landed at Dover in Sep 1051[334].

m secondly IDA of Lotharingia, daughter of GODEFROI Duke of Upper Lorraine Comte de Verdun & his first wife Doda [de Rethel] ([1038/43][335]-13 Aug 1113). Her marriage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis, who specifies that she was the sister of "Godfrey Duke of Lotharingia" and names her three sons[336]. The Vita B. Idæ Boloniensis Comitissæ records that she was the daughter of "pater…Godefridus, mater…Doda"[337]. She made a donation to Saint-Bertin for the soul of "Eustachii domini mei comitis" with her sons "Godefridi et Balduini"[338]. The Lamberti Audomariensis Chronica records the death "Id Apr 1113" of "Ida comitissa Boloniæ"[339].

Come Eustache [II] & his second wife had three children:

1. EUSTACHE [III] de Boulogne (-1125 or after). His parentage is specified in his donation to Saint-Bertin dated 1122, for the souls of "Eustacii comitis patris mei et Yde matris mee comitisse"[340]. He is not named as one of her sons by "Ida comitisse Boloniensis" in the latter's charter for the soul of her husband[341]. William of Tyre records him as brother of Godefroi and Baudouin, naming him last of the three[342]. It is not known whether this indicates that he was the youngest of the three brothers, or was simply a reflection of his less significant role in affairs in Palestine. His inheritance of the paternal possessions and titles suggests that he was the oldest brother, at any rate older than his brother Baudouin. He succeeded in [1087] as Comte de Boulogne et de Lens. This would normally be an indication of his seniority in the family. However, given the superior position of his brother Godefroi as Duke of Lower Lotharingia, it may have been decided that the less important paternal inheritance would pass to a younger son. He was a member of the company of Robert II Count of Flanders on the First Crusade, joining his brothers after arriving in Constantinople in 1097[343]. Albert of Aix records the arrival in Constantinople of "Robertus Normannorum comes, Stephanus Blesensis, Eustachius frater prædicti Ducis", dated to early 1097 from the context[344]. In Palestine in 1099, he returned to Boulogne soon after. "Eustacius Bolonie comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer by charter dated Jul 1112, subscribed by "Cononis de Fieules, Eustacii et Rogerii filiorum eius…"[345]. Albert of Aix records that Baudouin appointed "fratri Eustachio" as his successor on his deathbed if he would come to Jerusalem, or if he failed to come "Baldewinus de Burg"[346]. A legation left Jerusalem for Boulogne in Apr 1118 to invite him to succeed. Eustache left Boulogne for Jerusalem, but when he reached Apulia he received news that Baudouin du Bourg had been chosen as king. He refused to press his claim further, and retired to the Cluniac monastery at Rumilly in [1125]. "Eustachius olim comes Boloniensis nunc autem…monachus Cluniacensis" donated property to Cluny by charter dated 1125 which names "Maria uxore mea…[et] Mathildi filia mea", and is subscribed by "Stephani comitis Bolonie, Matildis comitisse"[347]. m (1102) MARY of Scotland, daughter of MALCOLM III "Caennmor/Bighead" King of Scotland & his second wife [St] Margaret of England (-31 May 1116 or 18 Apr 1118, bur Bermondsey Priory). Orderic Vitalis records that their mother sent Mary and her sister Eadgyth to be brought up by her sister Christina, nun at Romsey Abbey[348]. Florence of Worcester records that Henry I King of England arranged the marriage of "Mariam reginæ sororem" and "Eustatio Bononensium comiti" in [1102][349]. Her marriage is also recorded by Orderic Vitalis, who also names her daughter[350]. The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium records that "Eustachius, frater Balduini regis Iheruslame" married "Mariam filiam regis Scotiæ"[351]. The 12th century Cronica Regum Scottorum records the death "II Kal Jun" in 1116 of "Maria…comitissa" and her burial "apud Bermundseiam"[352]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that "Mary countess of Bouillon" died in "the third year before her sister´s death"[353]. Comte Eustache [III] & his wife had one child:

a) MATHILDE de Boulogne ([1103/05]-Hedingham Castle, Essex 2/3 or 30 May or 3 Jul 1151, bur Faversham Abbey, Kent). Her parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis[354]. The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium names Mathilde daughter of "Eustachius, frater Balduini regis Iheruslame" and his wife "Mariam filiam regis Scotiæ", also recording her marriage with "Stephano, filio Stephani Blesensis comitis"[355]. She succeeded her father as Ctss de Boulogne. "Stephanus comes Bolonie et Morethonii et Mathildis comitissa" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer by charter dated 1141 (presumably misdated because of the donors´ titles), subscribed by "…Eustachius de Fielnes, Willelmus et Rogerus fratres sui…"[356]. She was crowned Queen Consort of England at Westminster Abbey 22 Mar 1136. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1152 of "Matildis uxor Stephani regis Anglorum" and in a later passage her burial "in monasterio Fasseham", recording that she had founded the abbey[357]. m ([1124/25]) ETIENNE de Blois Comte de Mortain, son of ETIENNE Comte de Blois & his wife Adela of England (Blois [1096/97]-Dover 25 Oct 1154, bur Faversham Abbey, Kent). Comte de Boulogne, in right of his wife, before 1125. He succeeded 22 Dec 1135 as STEPHEN King of England, crowned at Westminster Abbey 26 Dec 1135. His first cousin Matilda Lady of the English, daughter of Henry I King of England, disputed Stephen’s accession. During the ensuing civil war in England, Stephen was deposed and imprisoned by Matilda 7-10 April 1141, but restored to the throne 1 Nov 1141. He was crowned a second time at Canterbury Cathedral 1141, and a third time at Lincoln Cathedral 1146.

- see below, Part B.

Comte Eustache [III] had [three] illegitimate children by unknown mistresses:

b) RAOUL de Boulogne (-after [1122/25]). Witness, with his brother Eustache, of their father's charters in 1106 (in favour of St Paul's London) and in [1120/25] (in favour of Roger de Sumerio)[358]. "Rodulfi filii comitis Eustacii" witnessed his father's donation to Saint-Bertin dated 1122[359].

c) EUSTACHE de Boulogne. Witness, with his brother Raoul, of their father's charters in 1106 (in favour of St Paul's London) and in [1120/25] (in favour of Roger de Sumerio)358. m ---. The name of Eustache's wife is not known. Eustache & his wife had one child:

i) EUSTACHE . "Filius Eustachii filius comitis, Eustachius" accounted for relief on his land in Essex and Hertfordshire in 1165[360].

d) [GODEFROI (-killed in battle al-Sinnabrah 28 Jun 1113). William of Malmesbury names him "bastard great-nephew [abnepos eius nothus]" of Baudouin I King of Jerusalem[361]. "…Gotafredus nepos regis…" subscribed the charter dated 20 Jun 1112 under which Baudouin I King of Jerusalem confirmed the possessions of the Knights Hospitallers[362]. Murray[363] points out that his being the illegitimate son of Eustache [III] Comte de Boulogne is only one of the various possibilities. He was killed fighting Tughtikin atabeg of Damascus and Mawdud of Mosul.

2. GODEFROI de Boulogne ([1060]-in Palestine 18 Jul 1100, bur Jerusalem, Church of the Holy Sepulchre). "Godefridi et Balduini" are named sons of "Ida comitisse Boloniensis" in the latter's charter for the soul of her husband[364]. His birth date is estimated on the basis of his being an adolescent when designated heir by his maternal uncle, and from the estimated birth date range of his mother. William of Tyre records "Godefridus Lotharingiæ dux" as brother of Baudouin and Eustache, and son of Comte Eustache and of Ida sister of Godefroi "Struma" Duke of Lotharingia[365]. He was designated heir by his maternal uncle, on whose death in 1076 he inherited the county of Verdun, the allods of Stenay and Mouzay, and the castle of Bouillon with its dependencies. He was most often known as "GODEFROI de Bouillon", after this inherited castle. The inheritance was disputed by many parties. Theoderic Bishop of Verdun seized the opportunity to end the hereditary succession in the county of Verdun by bestowing it on Matilda Ctss of Tuscany, who granted it to Albert III Comte de Namur as guardian of her interests in Lotharingia. The emperor conferred the duchy of Lotharingia on his infant son Konrad, with Albert III Comte de Namur as vice-duke, although the Annalista Saxo records that he created Godefroi as Markgraf van Antwerpen in "Traiecti" at Easter 1076[366]. When Konrad was crowned King of Germany in 1087, Godefroi de Boulogne was installed as GODEFROI IV Duke of Lower Lotharingia[367]. Some time following Pope Urban II's call to liberate Jerusalem at the Council of Clermont in Auvergne 27 Nov 1095, Godefroi resolved to join the crusade. Leader of the Lotharingian contingent in the First Crusade in 1096, he sold his estates of Rosay and Stenay on the River Meuse and pledged the castle of Bouillon to the Bishop of Liège to fund the expedition[368], although he retained the title Duke of Lower Lotharingia. Albert of Aix records that "Godefridus dux regni Lotharingiæ…fraterque eius uterinus Baldewinus, Warnerus de Greis cognatus ipsius Ducis, Baldewinus pariter de Burch, Reinhardus comes de Tul, Petrus…frater ipsius, Dodo de Cons, Henricus de Ascha ac frater illius Godefridus" left for Jerusalem in Aug 1096[369]. After arriving outside Constantinople at Selymbria in Dec 1096, his army ravaged the countryside. Relations with Emperor Alexios I were tense, and Godefroi attacked Constantinople in Apr 1097. His troops were defeated by an imperial force, and he accepted to swear allegiance to the emperor on Easter Sunday, agreeing that the emperor should become overlord of any new principalities founded by the crusaders and that any land captured which had previously belonged to the empire should be handed back to Byzantium[370]. The crusading army reached Jerusalem 7 Jun 1099 and captured the city 15 Jul 1099. The electoral council chose him as ruler of Jerusalem 22 Jul 1099, and after considerable debate about the correct title to adopt, he became GODEFROI princeps of Jerusalem. Murray highlights that the evidence concerning the alleged title "advocatus Sancti Sepulcri" is based on a single letter written in Laodicea in [Sep/Oct] 1099 to Daibert Archbishop of Pisa[371]. The whole issue of Godefroi's title is discussed at length by Riley-Smith and Murray[372]. Whatever the interest of this debate, its practical importance was swept aside when Godefroi's brother was crowned "King of Jerusalem" within a year. The crusaders' control over Jerusalem was strengthened by their defeat of the Fatimid army from Egypt in the plain of al-Majdal 11 Aug 1099[373]. Arnoul de Choques was elected Patriarch of Jerusalem 1 Aug 1099, but was deposed in Dec 1099 and compensated with the position of Archdeacon of Jerusalem. He was replaced by Daibert Archbishop of Pisa, who had recently arrived in Jerusalem accompanied by Bohémond Prince of Antioch and Baudouin Count of Edessa. Godefroi was confirmed as ruler in Jerusalem at Christmas 1099 by Patriarch Daibert[374]. At that time, the territory of the kingdom was limited to two separated areas, Judea (with Jerusalem itself, Bethlehem, Jericho and Hebron) and a small coastal strip around Jaffa, Lydda and Ramla. Despite Godefroi's depleted military resources following the departure of most of the surviving crusaders, plans to expand his territory were in full swing with the siege of Acre when Godefroi died. In defiance of Patriarch Daibert, Godefroi's household, under the leadership of his kinsman Warner de Grez [Gray], assured the succession of his brother Baudouin by seizing the citadel of Jerusalem. Despite Warner's death 22 Jul 1100, this show of defiance continued into the Autumn when Robert Bishop of Lydda retrieved Baudouin from Edessa to secure his succession. According to Matthew of Edessa, Godefroi was poisoned[375].

3. BAUDOUIN de Boulogne ([1063/68]-Al-Arish 2 Apr 1118, bur Jerusalem, Church of the Holy Sepulchre). "Godefridi et Balduini" are named as sons of "Ida comitisse Boloniensis" in the latter's charter for the soul of her husband[376]. His birth date range is estimated on the basis of his being knighted [before 1086]. William of Tyre and the Chronicle of Baldwin III both record him as brother of Godefroi and Eustache[377]. Albert of Aix records that "Godefridus dux regni Lotharingiæ…fraterque eius uterinus Baldewinus, Warnerus de Greis cognatus ipsius Ducis, Baldewinus pariter de Burch, Reinhardus comes de Tul, Petrus…frater ipsius, Dodo de Cons, Henricus de Ascha ac frater illius Godefridus" left for Jerusalem in Aug 1096[378]. As there is no indication of a second marriage of their mother, this isolated indication ("frater que eius uterinus") that the brothers may not have shared the same father should probably be dismissed. It is probable that Baudouin was youngest of the brothers: he is always referred to after his brother Godefroi, and it is unlikely that Eustache would have succeeded to the paternal inheritance if he had been younger than Baudouin. Canon at Cambrai, Reims and Liège, he left the church to become a knight probably before 1086 when, together with his brother Eustache, he organised military support for their brother Godefroi who was besieged at Stenay. Baudouin was granted the county of Verdun in 1095 by Richer Bishop of Verdun, to whom Godefroi had surrendered the county while raising funds for his participation in the crusade. It is likely that he was recognised, although not formally, as his brother Godefroi's heir to the duchy of Lower Lotharingia[379]. While marching across Cilicia, Baudouin took control of Tarsus, recently captured from the Turks by Tancred, nephew of Bohémond of Apulia[380]. Baudouin later relieved the Armenian population of Edessa, and established control over the town in Feb 1098, which provided the Lotharingian crusading contingent with a vital fresh source of supplies and income. Baudouin was adopted as son and heir by Thoros Lord of Melitene and Edessa, who was immediately overthrown and murdered. He was installed in BAUDOUIN Count of Edessa 10 Mar 1098. With the treasure found in Edessa, he was able to extend his territories considerably by purchase the neighbouring emirate of Samosata from the Turkish Emir Balduk[381]. Receiving news of the death of his brother Godefroi, Baudouin arrived in Jerusalem [9] Nov 1100, and was crowned BAUDOUIN I King of Jerusalem by Patriarch Daibert at the church of the Nativity, Bethelehem, Christmas Day 1100[382]. During his reign, the Muslim coastal cities and the inland border area of Transjordan were gradually conquered. He captured Arsuf (1101), Caesarea (1101), Acre (1104), Sidon (1110), and Beirut (1110). Baudouin was taken ill while campaigning against the Fatimids in Egypt. He appointed his brother Eustache as his heir to the crown of Jerusalem on his death bed, with Baudouin du Bourq as second choice if his brother declined.

- KINGS of JERUSALEM.

4. [IDA . Europäische Stammtafeln[383] shows Ida, wife [firstly] of Hermann [von Malsen] and [secondly of Conon de Montaigu], as a possible daughter of Comte Eustache II & his wife Ida. The only partial corroboration for this so far found is Orderic Vitalis who says that "Cono comes Alemannus" married "Duke Godfrey's sister"[384]. m firstly ([1070]) HERMANN [von Malsen], son of --- (-1080 or after). m secondly as his second wife, CONON Comte de Montaigu, son of GOZELO Comte de Montaigu & his wife Ermentrude de Grandpré (-30 Apr 1106).]

Comte Eustache II had three [illegitimate] children by unknown mistresses:

5. GUILLAUME. Murray[385] quotes a 14th century version of the Genealogica comitum Boloniensium which says that Eustache [II] Comte de Boulogne had four sons (in order) Guillaume, Godefroi, Baudouin and Eustache. If this is correct, it is surprising that earlier versions of the Genealogica, written nearer the time, would have ignored Guillaume. If the Guillaume in question had been an illegitimate son, it is also surprising that the source fails to name the other illegitimate sons, especially the more well-known Geoffrey.

6. GEOFFROY (-after 1100). His parentage is confirmed by an undated charter under which his grandson “Faramus filius Willielmi Boloniæ” confirmed donations to Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire by “Gaufridus filius comitis Eustacii de Bolonia avus meus, et Willielmus de Bolonia filius ipsius pater meus”[386]. Murray[387] suggests that Geoffrey may have been born legitimate because (1) his descendants were known as "de Boulogne", (2) he married well, and (3) he was given the first name of his father's older brother. Murray further suggests that, if this is correct, he would have been Comte Eustache's son by Godgifu of England, whose marriage may have been annulled for consanguinity, which would have resulted in the bastardisation of their children. Geoffroy was mentioned in a writ of William I King of England dated [1066/71]. Lord of Carshalton. William I King of England confirmed the donations in Balham and Walton by "Godfrey son of Count Eustace on behalf of his wife Beatrice, with the consent of Geoffrey de Mandeville", by charter dated to [1076/84][388]. He held the manor of Coton, Cambridgeshire from his father in 1086[389]. He was in Palestine in 1100. m ([1076/1084]) BEATRIX de Mandeville, daughter of GEOFFREY [I] de Mandeville & his first wife Adelais ---. William I King of England confirmed the donations in Balham and Walton by "Godfrey son of Count Eustace on behalf of his wife Beatrice, with the consent of Geoffrey de Mandeville", by charter dated to [1076/84][390]. Geoffroy & his wife had [three] children:

a) WILLIAM de Boulogne (-before 1130). His parentage is confirmed by an undated charter under which his son “Faramus filius Willielmi Boloniæ” confirmed donations to Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire by “Gaufridus filius comitis Eustacii de Bolonia avus meus, et Willielmus de Bolonia filius ipsius pater meus”[391]. m firstly ---. William's first marriage is deduced from the reference to his presumed second wife as stepmother of his son. m secondly ---. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Faram fil Will de Bolonia" in Surrey and refers to "noverca sua"[392]. William & his first wife had four children:

i) FARAMUS de Boulogne (-[1183/84][393]). “Faramus filius Willielmi Boloniæ” confirmed donations to Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire by “Gaufridus filius comitis Eustacii de Bolonia avus meus, et Willielmus de Bolonia filius ipsius pater meus”, by undated charter witnessed by “fratres mei Eustacius et Simon…”[394]. Lord of Tingry[395]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records "Faram fil Will de Bolonia" in Surrey and refers to "noverca sua"[396]. m MATHILDE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Faramus & his wife had four children:

(a) [WILLIAM . "Will[elmus]s Feram[us]" witnessed a spurious charter for Battle abbey under which Stephen King of England confirmed its rights and privileges, undated[397].]

(b) EUSTACHE . Domesday Descendants names Eustache and Simon as sons of Faramus citing a charter of Bec abbey[398].

(d) SIBYLLE de Tingry . “Sibilla de Tyngria filia Farami de Bolonia, domina de Clopham” donated property in Clopham to Bec Abbey by undated charter[400]. She was her father's heir in [1183/84][401]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Engelramnum", son of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis", married "nobilem de Tingreio Sibillam, Willelmi Faramus sororem"[402]. Her dowry was the manor of Mortok in Somerset, as shown by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Willelmus de Fienes" held "manerium de Mortok que fuit de dominico regis de dono comitis Willelmi filii Reginaldi filii Stephani qui manerium predictum dedit [Faramo] de Bolonia pro servicio i militis" in Somerset[403]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Sibilla de Fenes" holding "vi milites…in Lamburne, ii milites in Fifide et Blakehall et Lacfare…"[404]. m ENGUERRAND [I] de Fiennes, son of EUSTACHE [II] Seigneur de Fiennes & his wife --- (-1218).

ii) EUSTACHE de Boulogne (-after [1147]). “Faramus filius Willielmi Boloniæ” confirmed donations to Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire by “Gaufridus filius comitis Eustacii de Bolonia avus meus, et Willielmus de Bolonia filius ipsius pater meus”, by undated charter witnessed by “fratres mei Eustacius et Simon…”[405]. "…Bald[uino] de Bolonia et Eustac[io] fratre eius…" witnessed a charter dated to [1145/47] under which Matilda Queen of England notified her donation to the church of Witham[406].

iii) SIMON de Boulogne . “Faramus filius Willielmi Boloniæ” confirmed donations to Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire by “Gaufridus filius comitis Eustacii de Bolonia avus meus, et Willielmus de Bolonia filius ipsius pater meus”, by undated charter witnessed by “fratres mei Eustacius et Simon…”[407].

iv) BAUDOUIN de Boulogne (-after [1167/68]). Archdeacon of Sudbury [1143]-[1167/68]. "…Bald[uino] de Bolonia et Eustac[io] fratre eius…" witnessed a charter dated to [1145/47] under which Matilda Queen of England notified her donation to the church of Witham[408]. Archdeacon of Norwich 1164.

b) HAROLD . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

c) [MABILIA de Cotes . Daughter of "Geoffrey de Cotes", and "puella" [lady-in-waiting] to Adelisa de Clermont, wife of Gilbert FitzRichard de Clare. Domesday Descendants[409] speculates that she may have been the daughter of Geoffroy de Boulogne who held the manor of Coton, Cambridgeshire.]

7. HUGUES. The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

1. ARNOLD de Boulogne (-after [1151/53]). "…Arnaldo de Bolonia" signed the charter dated to [1151/53] under which "Hugo de Chileham filius Fulberti de Dofora" donated the church of Chilham to the abbey of Saint-Bertin, for the souls of "patris mei Fulberti et matris mee Adelit…et Matildis uxoris mee"[410].

C. COMTES de BOULOGNE (BLOIS-CHAMPAGNE and FLANDRE-LORRAINE)

MATHILDE de Boulogne, daughter of EUSTACHE [III] Comte de Boulogne & his wife Mary of Scotland ([1103/5]-Hedingham Castle, Essex 2/3 or 30 May or 3 Jul 1151, bur Faversham Abbey, Kent). Her parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis[411]. The Genealogica comitum Buloniensium names Mathilde daughter of "Eustachius, frater Balduini regis Iheruslame" and his wife "Mariam filiam regis Scotiæ", also recording her marriage with "Stephano, filio Stephani Blesensis comitis"[412]. She succeeded her father as Ctss de Boulogne. "Stephanus comes Bolonie et Morethonii et Mathildis comitissa" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer by charter dated 1141 (presumably misdated because of the donors´ titles), subscribed by "…Eustachius de Fielnes, Willelmus et Rogerus fratres sui…"[413]. She was crowned Queen Consort of England at Westminster Abbey 22 Mar 1136. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1152 of "Matildis uxor Stephani regis Anglorum" and in a later passage her burial "in monasterio Fasseham", recording that she had founded the abbey[414].

m (before 1125) ETIENNE de Blois Comte de Mortain, son of ETIENNE Comte de Blois & his wife Adela of England (Blois [1096/7]-Dover 25 Oct 1154, bur Faversham Abbey, Kent). Comte de Boulogne, in right of his wife, before 1125. He succeeded 22 Dec 1135 as STEPHEN King of England, crowned at Westminster Abbey 26 Dec 1135. His first cousin Matilda Lady of the English [daughter of Henry I King of England] disputed Stephen’s right to the throne. During the ensuing civil war in England, Stephen was deposed and imprisoned by Matilda 7-10 April 1141, but restored to the throne 1 Nov 1141. He was crowned a second time at Canterbury Cathedral in 1141, and a third time at Lincoln Cathedral in 1146.

Ctss Mathilde & King Stephen had five children:

1. other children: see ENGLAND.

2. EUSTACHE de Blois ([1127/31]-Bury St Edmund’s 10 or 16 Aug 1153, bur Faversham Abbey, Kent). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Eustacium et Guilelmum" as the two sons of "rex Anglorum Stefanus"[415]. He was installed as EUSTACHE IV Comte de Boulogne at Christmas [1146/47].

3. GUILLAUME de Blois ([1132/37]-11 Oct 1159, bur hospital of Montmorillon, Poitou). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Eustacium et Guilelmum" as the two sons of "rex Anglorum Stefanus"[416]. Earl of Warenne and Surrey, Lord of Pevensey and Norwich 1148/9 in right of his wife. He succeeded his brother in 1153 as GUILLAUME Comte de Boulogne.

4. MARIE de Blois ([1136]-Montreuil 1182, bur Montreuil). She is named as daughter of King Stephen by Matthew Paris, when he records her marriage[417]. She succeeded her brother in 1159 as MARIE Ctss de Boulogne. Her future husband abducted her from her convent in 1160 and forced her to marry him. Pope Alexander III wrote to Henri Archbishop of Reims, dated 18 Dec 1161, regarding the abduction and marriage of "M. filius…comitis Flandrensis" and "monialem…abbatissam", but the document does not name the abbey from which she was abducted[418]. After the annulment of her marriage, she became a nun at the Benedictine nunnery of St Austrebert near Montreuil. m (before 1160, annulled 1169/70) as his first wife, MATTHIEU de Flandre [Lorraine], son of THIERRY I Count of Flanders & his second wife Sibylle d'Anjou ([1137]-killed in battle Driencourt 25 Dec 1173, bur Abbaye de Saint-Josse). He succeeded in 1160 as MATTHIEU Comte de Boulogne, in right of his wife. He led the Flemish contingent in support of Louis VII King of France against Henry II King of England and was mortally wounded by an arrow at the siege of the château de Driencourt in Normandy[419]. Comte Matthieu & his first wife had two children:

a) IDA de Flandre ([1160/61]-21 Apr 1216, bur Boulogne). The Flandria Generosa specifies that "frater Philippi secundus natu Matheus" had two daughters by his wife "comitissam Boloniensem", specifying that the older daughter (unnamed) married "Rainaldo comiti de Danmartin" against the wishes of her friends[420]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Idam…et Mathildem" as the two daughters of "Matheus [comiti Boloniensi]" & his wife, specifying that Ida married "primus…Gerardo comiti de Ghelra, deinde Bertoldo Cheringiorum duci, postea Rainaldo comiti Dommi-Martini in Francia"[421]. She succeeded her father in 1173 as Ctss de Boulogne. The Annales Egmundani record the marriage in 1181 of "filiam comitis Boloniæ Mathei" and "comes Gelrensis…Gerardus" and his death later the same year, specifying that his widow took away by force everything which had been granted to her at the time of the marriage[422]. The Chronica Andrensis records the death in1216 of "Ida Bolonie comitissa in Flandria" and her burial at Boulogne[423]. m firstly (divorced) MATHIEU, son of ---. m secondly (1181) GERHARD van Geldern, son of HENDRIK Graaf van Geldern en Zutphen & his wife Agnes von Arnstein ([1140]-1181). m thirdly (1183) as his second wife, BERTHOLD IV Herzog von Zähringen, son of KONRAD Herzog von Zähringen [Baden] & his wife Clémence de Namur (-8 Sep 1186, bur St Peter im Schwarzwald). [424]Betrothed (after 1186) to ARNOUL de Guines Seigneur d'Ardres, son of BAUDOUIN II Comte de Guines & his wife Christine d'Ardres (-1220). He succeeded his father in 1205 as Comte de Guines. m fourthly (Apr 1190) as his second wife, RENAUD de Dammartin, son of AUBRY [II] Comte de Dammartin & his wife Mathilde [Mabille] de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis ([1165/70]-Château de Goulet 21 Apr 1217, bur Boulogne). He kidnapped his future second wife and kept her at the château de Riste in Lorraine, where he lured her fiancé (Arnoul de Guines Seigneur d'Ardres) and arranged his arrest by Albert de Hièrges Bishop of Verdun[425]. He succeeded in 1192 as Comte de Boulogne. He succeeded his father in 1200 as Comte de Dammartin. Philippe II King of France installed him in 1205 as Comte d'Aumâle and in 1209 as Comte de Mortain. He swore homage to John King of England in 1212, and his assets in France were confiscated in King Philippe II. He was captured after the battle of Bouvines in 1214 and imprisoned at the château de Goulet where he later committed suicide[426].

b) other child: - see FLANDERS.

D. SEIGNEURS de FIENNES

1. EUSTACHE [I] de Fiennes . m ---. The name of Eustache´s wife is not known. Eustache [I] & his wife had one child:

a) CONON de Fiennes (-after 16 Jul 1113). "Cononis de Fieules, Eustacii et Rogerii filiorum eius…" subscribed the charter dated Jul 1112 under which "Eustacius Bolonie comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[427]. "Cono de Finlleiz, Eustacius et Rogerius filius eius…" subscribed the charter dated 16 Jul 1113 under which "Eustachius junior…Boloniensium comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[428]. m ---. The name of Conon´s wife is not known. Conon & his wife had three children:

i) EUSTACHE [II] de Fiennes (-after 1141). "Cononis de Fieules, Eustacii et Rogerii filiorum eius…" subscribed the charter dated Jul 1112 under which "Eustacius Bolonie comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[429].

- see below.

ii) GUILLAUME de Fiennes . "…Eustachius de Fielnes, Willelmus et Rogerus fratres sui…" subscribed the charter dated 1141 (presumably misdated because of the donors´ titles) under which "Stephanus comes Bolonie et Morethonii et Mathildis comitissa" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[430].

iii) ROGER de Fiennes (-after 1150). "Cononis de Fieules, Eustacii et Rogerii filiorum eius…" subscribed the charter dated Jul 1112 under which "Eustacius Bolonie comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[431]. "Cono de Finlleiz, Eustacius et Rogerius filius eius…" subscribed the charter dated 16 Jul 1113 under which "Eustachius junior…Boloniensium comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[432]. "…Eustachius de Fielnes, Willelmus et Rogerus fratres sui…" subscribed the charter dated 1141 (presumably misdated because of the donors´ titles) under which "Stephanus comes Bolonie et Morethonii et Mathildis comitissa" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[433].

EUSTACHE [II] de Fiennes, son of CONON de Fiennes & his first wife Alix de Bournonville (-after 1141). "Cononis de Fieules, Eustacii et Rogerii filiorum eius…" subscribed the charter dated Jul 1112 under which "Eustacius Bolonie comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[434]. "Cono de Finlleiz, Eustacius et Rogerius filius eius…" subscribed the charter dated 16 Jul 1113 under which "Eustachius junior…Boloniensium comes" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[435]. "…Eustachius de Fielnes, Willelmus et Rogerus fratres sui…" subscribed the charter dated 1141 (presumably misdated because of the donors´ titles) under which "Stephanus comes Bolonie et Morethonii et Mathildis comitissa" confirmed the possessions of the abbey of Samer[436]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Eustacius senex de Fielnis" founded "ecclesiam de Bello-loco"[437].

m ---. The name of Eustache´s wife is not known.

Eustache [II] & his wife had four children:

1. EUSTACHE [III] de Fiennes (-before 1187). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Eustacium…Engelramnum…Gillebertum …Radulphum" as the sons of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis"[438]. m as her first husband, MARGUERITE de Guines, daughter of ARNAUD Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Omer (-1222). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Eustacium", son of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis", married "Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filiam Margaretam"[439]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Marguerite married firstly "Eustacio de Fielnis" and secondly "Rogero Curtracensi castellano"[440]. She married secondly Roger [I] Châtelain de Courtrai Burchgraeve van Gent. Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed the donation of property "in parrochia de Severne" to the church of Saint-Martin, Popinglo made by "Rogerus castellanus et uxor eius Margareta" by charter dated 6 May 1187, signed by "Rogeri, Arnoldi, Giselberti filiorum ipsius Rogeri castellani, Joannis Insularis castellani…Sigeri de Gant…"[441]. "Margareta quondam castellana Curtracensis" donated revenue to Gant Saint-Pierre by undated charter[442]. A charter dated to [1201/09] records the donation by "nobilis matrona Margareta…castellana Curtracensis" to Gant Saint-Pierre for the anniversary of "domini Eustachii primi mariti eiusdem matrone"[443].

2. ENGUERRAND [I] de Fiennes (-1218). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Eustacium…Engelramnum…Gillebertum …Radulphum" as the sons of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis"[444]. m SIBYLLE de Tingry, daughter of FARAMUS de Boulogne & his wife Mathilde ---. “Sibilla de Tyngria filia Farami de Bolonia, domina de Clopham” donated property in Clopham to Bec Abbey by undated charter[445]. She was her father's heir in [1183/84][446]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Engelramnum", son of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis", married "nobilem de Tingreio Sibillam, Willelmi Faramus sororem"[447]. Her dowry was the manor of Mortok in Somerset, as shown by the Testa de Nevill which includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Willelmus de Fienes" held "manerium de Mortok que fuit de dominico regis de dono comitis Willelmi filii Reginaldi filii Stephani qui manerium predictum dedit [Faramo] de Bolonia pro servicio i militis" in Somerset[448]. The Testa de Nevill includes a list of landholdings in the honour of Boulogne, dated to [1217/18], which includes "Sibilla de Fenes" holding "vi milites…in Lamburne, ii milites in Fifide et Blakehall et Lacfare…"[449]. Enguerrand & his wife had [five or more] children:

a) GUILLAUME [I] de Fiennes (-1213 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Willelmum, Thomam et Eustacium et filias" as the children of "de Fielnis…Engelramnum" and his wife "nobilem de Tingreio Sibillam…"[450]. “Willelmus filius Ingelrami dominus de Fielnes” donated property to Andres, with the consent of "uxore mea Agnete et filio meo Ingelramno", by charter dated 1 Jan 1203 witnessed by "Radulfo de Fielnes patruo meo…Joanne de Tingri…"[451]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records that "Willelmus de Fienes" held "manerium de Mortok que fuit de dominico regis de dono comitis Willelmi filii Reginaldi filii Stephani qui manerium predictum dedit [Faramo] de Bolonia pro servicio i militis" in Somerset[452]. m AGNES de Dammartin, daughter of AUBRY [II] Comte de Dammartin & his wife Mathilde [Mabile] de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis. “Willelmus filius Ingelrami dominus de Fielnes” donated property to Andres, with the consent of "uxore mea Agnete et filio meo Ingelramno", by charter dated 1 Jan 1203 witnessed by "Radulfo de Fielnes patruo meo…Joanne de Tingri…"[453]. Guillaume & his wife had two children:

i) ENGUERRAND [II] de Fiennes (-1267). “Willelmus filius Ingelrami dominus de Fielnes” donated property to Andres, with the consent of "uxore mea Agnete et filio meo Ingelramno", by charter dated 1 Jan 1203 witnessed by "Radulfo de Fielnes patruo meo…Joanne de Tingri…"[454].

- see below.

ii) MATHILDE de Fiennes . m BAUDOUIN [III] Comte de Guines, son of ARNOUL Comte de Guines & his wife Beatrix de Bourbourg (-1244).

b) THOMAS de Fiennes (-after 1207). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Willelmum, Thomam et Eustacium et filias" as the children of "de Fielnis…Engelramnum" and his wife "nobilem de Tingreio Sibillam…"[455]. “Thomas frater domini Willelmi de Fielnes” donated property to Andres abbey by charter dated 1207 witnessed by "Joannes de Tingri…"[456].

c) EUSTACHE de Fiennes . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Willelmum, Thomam et Eustacium et filias" as the children of "de Fielnis…Engelramnum" and his wife "nobilem de Tingreio Sibillam…"[457].

d) daughters . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Willelmum, Thomam et Eustacium et filias" as the children of "de Fielnis…Engelramnum" and his wife "nobilem de Tingreio Sibillam…"[458].

3. GILBERT de Fiennes . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Eustacium…Engelramnum…Gillebertum etiam de Belkinio…Radulphum" as the sons of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis"[459].

4. RAOUL de Fiennes (-after 1 Jan 1203). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Eustacium…Engelramnum…Gillebertum …Radulphum" as the sons of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis"[460]. “Willelmus filius Ingelrami dominus de Fielnes” donated property to Andres, with the consent of "uxore mea Agnete et filio meo Ingelramno", by charter dated 1 Jan 1203 witnessed by "Radulfo de Fielnes patruo meo…Joanne de Tingri…"[461]. m as her second husband, ADELAIDE de Champagne, widow of EUSTACHE de Calquelle, daughter of HENRI de Champagne & his wife Adelaide de Conteville. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Radulphum", son of "Eustacius…senex de Fielnis", married "Henrici de Campania et Adelidis…de Contevilla filiam Adelidem" who had first married "Eustacio de Calquella"[462]. Raoul & his wife had [two or more] children:

a) ADELAIDE de Fiennes . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Radulphum [de Fielnes]" and his wife "Henrici de Campania et Adelidis…de Contevilla filiam Adelidem" had "filias…unam Adelidem" who married "Balduinus de Hamis" by whom she had "Eustacium…Engelramnum et Balduinum"[463]. m BAUDOUIN de Hamis, son of ---.

ENGUERRAND [II] de Fiennes, son of GUILLAUME [I] Seigneur de Fiennes & his wife Agnes de Dammartin (-1267). “Willelmus filius Ingelrami dominus de Fielnes” donated property to Andres, with the consent of "uxore mea Agnete et filio meo Ingelramno", by charter dated 1 Jan 1203 witnessed by "Radulfo de Fielnes patruo meo…Joanne de Tingri…"[464].

m ISABEAU de Condé, daughter of NICOLAS Seigneur de Condé & his wife Elisabeth de Morialmes.

Enguerrand [II] & his wife had four children:

1. GUILLAUME [II] de Fiennes (-1302). m BLANCHE de Brienne, daughter of JEAN de Brienne dit d´Acre & his second wife Jeanne de Châteaudun. A charter dated 18 Jan 1266 records an agreement between "Jean d´Acre bouteiller de France" and "Robert de Drous" under which the former gave revenue from the manor of Louplande to "damoiselle Blanche sa fille"[465]. Dame de Loupelande. Guillaume [II] & his wife had children:

a) JEAN de Fiennes (-after 1333). Châtelain de Bourbourg. Seigneur de Tingry. m (after 1307) ISABELLE de Flandre, daughter of GUY Count of Flanders & his second wife Isabelle de Luxembourg Ctss of Namur (-1323). Jean & his wife had three children:

i) ROBERT de Fiennes (-after 1370).

ii) JEANNE de Fiennes (-1353). m firstly (1319) JEAN de Châtillon, son of ---. m secondly (1344) JEAN de Mortagne, son of ---.

iii) MATHILDE de Fiennes . m JEAN de Bournonville Seigneur de Bournonville, son of HUGUES de Bournonville Seigneur de Bournonville & his wife Yolande de Leaulmes.

b) MARGUERITE de Fiennes (-1334). A manuscript narrating the foundation of Wigmore Abbey records that “Edmundus de Mortuomari…Rogeri de Mortuomari…secundogenitus” married “Margaretam…filiam domini Willielmi de Fendles de Hispania”, adding that she was “dominæ Alianoræ reginæ Angliæ…consanguineam”[466]. m EDMUND Mortimer of Wigmore, son of ROGER de Mortimer of Wigmore & his wife Maud de Briouse (before 1251-Wigmore Castle 17 Jul 1304, bur Wigmore).

2. MATHILDE de Fiennes (-(-6 Nov before 1298, bur Walden, Essex). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Matilda de Fenis” as wife of “Humfridus de Boun comes Herefordiæ et Essexiæ”[467]. A manuscript which narrates the descents of the founders of Lanthony Abbey records that “Humfredus septimus de Bohun” married “Matildem de Fenes”, adding that she died “in festo S. Leonardi” and was buried “apud Waldene”[468]. The primary source which confirms her parentage more precisely has not yet been identified. m (1275) HUMPHREY de Bohun Earl of Hereford & Essex, son of HUMPHREY de Bohun & his first wife Eleanor de Briouse of Abergavenny ([1249]-Pleshey 31 Dec 1298, bur Walden, Essex).

3. JEAN de Fiennes . Seigneur de Colemberg. m BEATRIX de Montegnies, daughter of ---.

4. ROBERT de Fiennes . Seigneur de Heuchin. m CLAUDE de Luxembourg, daughter of ---.

E. CHÂTELAINS de SAINT-OMER (FAUQUEMBERGHES)

The castle of Saint-Omer originally lay within the county of Boulogne. By the early 12th century, the counts of Flanders exercised authority in the area and appointed the châtelain. The role of the châtelain (burchgraeve in Flemish), similar to that of the vicomtes in other parts of France, is discussed more fully in the Introduction to the document FLEMISH NOBILITY. The châtelains de Saint-Omer acquired considerable power outside the limited area of the town of Saint-Omer itself, and branches of the family were installed as Princes of Tiberias in Palestine in the mid-12th century and as Lords of Thebes in mainland Greece in the early 13th century.

1. LAMBERT (-after 1063). Châtelain [de Saint-Omer]. "…Landberti castellani…" signed the charter dated 1 Mar 1042 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin and the provost of Saint-Omer exchanged properties[469]. "…Eustachii comitis, Lanberti castellani, Vulfrici filii eius" signed the charter dated 1063 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin regulated the use of land at "villæ Ostreselæ"[470]. m ---. The name of Lambert´s wife is not known. Lambert & his wife had one child:

a) WULFRIC (-after 1063). "…Eustachii comitis, Lanberti castellani, Vulfrici filii eius" signed the charter dated 1063 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin regulated the use of land at "villæ Ostreselæ"[471].

2. BAUDOUIN (-[Sep 1097/1100]). "…Balduini castellani…" signed the charter dated to [1093] under which records that the abbey of Saint-Bertin acquired part of "comitatus de villa de Arkes"[472]. Châtelain de Saint-Omer. "Balduinus castellanus Sancti Audomari" is named as present in a charter dated Sep 1097 which records the translation of the relics of St Folquin[473].

Three [brothers]:

1. GUILLAUME [I] de Saint-Omer, son of --- (-before 1128). Châtelain de Saint-Omer. Châtelain Guillaume witnessed the charter dated to [1097/1100] under which Clémence Ctss of Flanders granted land to "son neveu Anselme de Parenti"[474]. "…Willelmus castellanus Sancti Audomari, Rogerus castellanus Islensis, Geraufus castellanus Casletensis…Robertus nepos Rogeri castellani Islensis…" signed the charter dated 15 Feb 1113 under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders attested that "Walterio Hisdinensi" had committed to defend the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy[475]. "…Willelmus castellanus Sancti Audomari, Hugo nepos eius, Gillebertus frater eius…" signed a charter dated 29 Nov 1121 under which Charles Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[476]. "…Willelmus castellanus de Sancto Audomaro, Hugo nepos eius, Giselbertus frater eius…" witnessed the charter dated 7 Jul 1123 under which "Hugo de Sancto Paulo cognomen habens Campdaveine" donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg, in the presence of Charles Count of Flanders[477]. [m firstly ---. No direct information has been found about this supposed first marriage. However, Guillaume [I]´s supposed grandsons were already recorded, and therefore were probably adult, in the early 1140s (see below). If this is correct, Hosto´s paternal grandmother would have probably been too old for a second marriage in [1128], when Guillaume [I]´s wife Aganitrude is recorded with her second husband. This suggests that Guillaume [I]´s children were born from an earlier unrecorded first marriage.] m [secondly] as her first husband, AGANITRUDE, daughter of ---. Her family background and two marriages are confirmed by the Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ which records that, after Charles Count of Flanders was killed, Bertulf took refuge with "Alardi Warnesunensis" who had married "neptem illius Aganitrudem", adding that she was "castri…sancti Audomari quondam castellanam"[478]. This source does not specify the name of her first husband, but as the châtelain de Saint-Omer is named Guillaume in the sources dated between 1113 and 1126, it is likely that this was the Aganitrude´s husband. She married secondly Alard de Warneton. Guillaume [I] & his [first] wife had one child:

a) GUILLAUME (-1143 or after). "…Willelmo filio Willelmi castellani de Sancto Audomaro…" signed the charter dated 1126 under which Charles Count of Flanders and "Anselmus Hisdinensis consul" returned property to the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy[479]. same person as…? GUILLAUME [II] de Saint-Omer (-1143 or after). Châtelain de Saint-Omer. "Willelmi castellani, Hostis et Willelmi fratris eius" signed the charter dated 1132 under which Thierry Count of Flanders exchanged land with the abbey of Saint-Bertin[480].

- see below.

2. [son] . The order of the signatories of the charter dated 29 Nov 1121 quoted below suggests that Gilbert was not the father of Hugues. It is assumed that Hugues´s father was another brother of Châtelain Guillaume [I] but there could be other interpretations of the word "nepos" in this document. m ---. One child:

a) HUGUES (-after 7 Jul 1123). "…Willelmus castellanus Sancti Audomari, Hugo nepos eius, Gillebertus frater eius…" signed a charter dated 29 Nov 1121 under which Charles Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[481]. "…Willelmus castellanus de Sancto Audomaro, Hugo nepos eius, Giselbertus frater eius…" witnessed the charter dated 7 Jul 1123 under which "Hugo de Sancto Paulo cognomen habens Campdaveine" donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg, in the presence of Charles Count of Flanders[482].

3. GISELBERT (-after 7 Jul 1123). "…Willelmus castellanus Sancti Audomari, Hugo nepos eius, Gillebertus frater eius…" signed a charter dated 29 Nov 1121 under which Charles Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[483]. "…Willelmus castellanus de Sancto Audomaro, Hugo nepos eius, Giselbertus frater eius…" witnessed the charter dated 7 Jul 1123 under which "Hugo de Sancto Paulo cognomen habens Campdaveine" donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg, in the presence of Charles Count of Flanders[484].

1. HOSTO (-after 14 Apr 1127). "…Hosto castellanus et Guillelmus frater eius, Robertus de Bethuna et Guilelmus filius eius, Anselmus de Hesdinio…Rogerus castellanus Insulensis et Robertus filius eius, Razo de Gavera, Daniel de Tenremont…Henricus de Brocborc, Eustachius advocatus et Arnulphus filius eius castellanus Gandavensis…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[485]. Châtelain de Saint-Omer. Giry suggests that Hosto was not the son of Guillaume [I] Châtelain de Saint-Omer but that he should be identified with the unnamed "in Sancto Audomaro…castellanum", appointed by Guillaume Count of Flanders, whose injustices caused a rebellion in Feb 1128[486]. However, even if this suggested co-identity is correct, the text does not necessarily imply that Count Guillaume´s appointee was not related to the previous châtelain. In addition, the unusual name Hosto is found among the sons of Châtelain Guillaume [II]. Nevertheless, the charter dated 1132, which records a land exchange between Thierry Count of Flanders and the abbey of Saint-Bertin, subscribed by "Willelmi castellani, Hostis et Willelmi fratris eius"[487], shows that Guillaume [II] Châtelain de Saint-Omer was not the same person as Guillaume brother of Hosto, assuming that "Hostis" in this charter was the same person as "Hosto castellanus" in the charter dated 14 Apr 1127.

2. GUILLAUME (-after 1132). "…Hosto castellanus et Guillelmus frater eius, Robertus de Bethuna et Guilelmus filius eius, Anselmus de Hesdinio…Rogerus castellanus Insulensis et Robertus filius eius, Razo de Gavera, Daniel de Tenremont…Henricus de Brocborc, Eustachius advocatus et Arnulphus filius eius castellanus Gandavensis…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[488]. "Willelmi castellani, Hostis et Willelmi fratris eius" signed the charter dated 1132 under which Thierry Count of Flanders exchanged land with the abbey of Saint-Bertin[489].

GUILLAUME [II] de Saint-Omer, son of [GUILLAUME [I] Châtelain de Saint-Omer] & his [first wife ---] (-1143 or after). Châtelain de Saint-Omer. "Willelmi castellani, Hostis et Willelmi fratris eius" signed the charter dated 1132 under which Thierry Count of Flanders exchanged land with the abbey of Saint-Bertin[490]. "Willelmo quoque castellano et Waltero eius filio" signed the charter dated 1143 under which Thierry Count of Flanders exchanged land with the abbey of Saint-Omer[491].

m MELISENDE de Picquigny, daughter of ARNAUD de Picquigny & his wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "de…regis Francorum Karoli Magni stirpe et familia progenitam, Ernulphi vicedomini de Pinkinio filiam…Milesendem" as wife of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus"[492].

Guillaume [II] & his wife had ten children:

1. GAUTHIER de Fauquemberghes (-1174). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Willermum…Hostonem, Gerardum…Hugonem de Falkenberga, Walterum" as the five sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Gautier was "Tiberiadis vel Tabarie principem"[493]. "Willelmo quoque castellano et Waltero eius filio" signed the charter dated 1143 under which Thierry Count of Flanders exchanged land with the abbey of Saint-Omer[494]. This charter suggests that Gauthier was the oldest son of Guillaume [II], despite the order of children given in the Historia Comitum Ghisnensium. Châtelain de Saint-Omer. "Walterus castellanus Sancti Audomari" signed the charter dated 1145 under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the abbey of Eaucourt[495]. "…Galteri castellani Sancti Audomari…" signed the charter dated 1151 under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the town of Saint-Omer[496]. "Walterus castellanus Sancti Audomari…" signed the charter dated to [1157] under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the town of Saint-Omer[497]. The assessed date of this charter may be incorrect assuming that the date of the next entry is correct, unless Gauthier returned to Flanders before journeying east once more before 1159. William of Tyre records "Gauderus de Sancto-Aldemaro" among the magnates in Palestine present at the siege of Ascalon in 1153[498]. Lord of Tiberias 1159. It is assumed that Gauthier appointed his brother Guillaume as his deputy in the châtellenie de Saint-Omer before travelling east. According to later charters, Gauthier continued to use the title Châtelain de Saint-Omer (see JERUSALEM NOBILITY).

- PRINCES of GALILEE.

2. GUILLAUME [III] de Saint-Omer (-[1170/25 Apr 1178]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Willermum…Hostonem, Gerardum…Hugonem de Falkenberga, Walterum" as the five sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Guillaume was later "Audomarensem castellanum"[499]. Châtelain de Saint-Omer.

- see below.

3. HOSTO de Fauquemberghes (-after 1166). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Willermum…Hostonem, Gerardum…Hugonem de Falkenberga, Walterum" as the five sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[500]. Knight of the Order of the Temple 1142/51. In England 1142. In Catalonia 1143. In Palestine 1145.

4. GERARD de Fauquemberghes (-after 1147). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Willermum…Hostonem, Gerardum…Hugonem de Falkenberga, Walterum" as the five sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Gérard was "ecclesie sancti Audomari prepositum"[501].

5. HUGUES de Fauquemberghes (-[before 1175]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Willermum…Hostonem, Gerardum…Hugonem de Falkenberga, Walterum" as the five sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[502].

6. MATHILDE de Saint-Omer (-after [1145]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mathildis…Eufemia…Gisla de Monasteriolo…Luchgardis et Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Mathilde married "Arnoldus Gandavensis" and brought Tournai as her dowry[503]. “Arnulfus…Gisnensium comes et Mathildis […de S. Audomaro] comitissa uxor mea et Balduinus filius meus” donated property to "Abbati Gunfrido de Claromaresch" by charter dated to [1145][504]. m ARNOUL [I] Comte de Guines, son of WENEMAR [I] Burggraf van Gent & his second wife Gisela de Guines (-1169).

7. EUPHEMIA de Saint-Omer . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mathildis…Eufemia…Gisla de Monasteriolo…Luchgardis et Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Euphemia married "Balduino de Balliolo" and naming their six children "filios Gerardus et Hostonem et filias Adelidem de Comminiis, Mathildem in Anglia abbatissam de Warewella, Ylessendam et Margaretam"[505]. m BAUDOUIN [I] de Bailleul, son of ---. 1116/46.

8. GISELA de Saint-Omer . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mathildis…Eufemia…Gisla de Monasteriolo…Luchgardis et Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[506]. m --- de Montreuil, son of ---.

9. LUTGARDE de Saint-Omer . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mathildis…Eufemia…Gisla de Monasteriolo…Luchgardis et Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Lutgarde and Beatrix were "in Astromensi monasterio sanctimoniales"[507]. Nun at Etrun.

10. BEATRIX de Saint-Omer . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mathildis…Eufemia…Gisla de Monasteriolo…Luchgardis et Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Lutgarde and Beatrix were "in Astromensi monasterio sanctimoniales"[508]. Nun at Etrun.

The primary sources for the parentage and marriages of the following members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

GUILLAUME [III] de Saint-Omer, son of GUILLAUME [II] Châtelain de Saint-Omer & his wife Mélisende de Picquigny (-[1170/25 Apr 1178]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Willermum…Hostonem, Gerardum…Hugonem de Falkenberga, Walterum" as the five sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Guillaume was later "Audomarensem castellanum"[509]. 1132/70. Châtelain de Saint-Omer. It is assumed that Gauthier appointed his brother Guillaume as his deputy in the châtellenie de Saint-Omer before travelling east. According to later charters, Gauthier continued to use the title Châtelain de Saint-Omer (see JERUSALEM NOBILITY). "…Willelmi castellani Sancti Audomari…" signed the charter dated 22 Jan [1164/65] under which Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed a 22 Aug 1128 donation by his father, Count Thierry, to the town of Saint-Omer[510]. A charter dated 1172 records a dispute between "Willelmum castellanum Sancti Audomari" and the abbey of Saint-Bertin[511].

m MATHILDE, daughter of --- (-after 25 Apr 1178). "Willelmus Audomarensis castellanus…cum Ida uxore mea et Matilde matre mea" regulated the conditions of the inhabitants of Froland and Hofland by charter dated 25 Apr 1178[512].

Guillaume [III] & his second wife had two children:

1. GUILLAUME [IV] de Saint-Omer (-in Palestine [1191/92]). "Willelmo nepote castellani" is named in a charter dated 1157[513]. Châtelain de Saint-Omer. "…Willelmi castellani de Sancto Audomaro…" signed the charter dated [Apr/May] 1175 under which Philippe Count of Flanders confirmed pasturage rights of the abbey of Saint-Bertin[514]. "Willelmus Audomarensis castellanus…cum Ida uxore mea et Matilde matre mea" regulated the conditions of the inhabitants of Froland and Hofland by charter dated 25 Apr 1178[515]. Seigneur de Fauquemberques. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Willelmus castellani Sancti Audomari" among those who died in Palestine in [1191][516]. m ([1170/71]) as her second husband, IDA d'Avesnes, widow of ENGUERRAND Comte de Saint Pol, daughter of NICOLAS Seigneur d'Avesnes & his wife Mathilde de la Roche [Namur] (-[1205]). The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "Iacobum et Idam castellanam Sancti Audemari" as children of "Nicolao de Avenes" & his wife[517]. The Chronicon Hanoniense refers to the daughter of "Nicholaus filius [Walteri…de Avethnes]" & his wife as "Willelmo…castellano Sancti Audomari maritatam"[518]. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Nicolaus Plukellus…filiam…Ydam" married "castellano Sancti Audomaro Wilelmo"[519]. Guillaume [IV] & his wife had ten children:

a) GUILLAUME [V] de Saint-Omer ([1170/71]-[Mar 1245/1 Aug 1247]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife had five sons, of whom "primogenitus Wilelmus" succeeded his father[520]. His birth date is estimated from a charter dated 1186 under which "Guillaume châtelain de Saint-Omer, sa femme Ide et leur fils Guillaume", who "iam quantum decimum transegit annum", donated property to the abbey of Andres[521]. Châtelain de Saint-Omer. Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer donated property to the abbey of Saint-André, with the consent of "fratrum meorum Galteri…prepositi ecclesie sancti Audomari, Jacobi, Willelmi, Nicholai", by charter dated Apr 1207[522]. "Willelmus Sancti Audomari castellanus" granted land and pasturage rights to the burgers of Saint-Omer by charter dated Mar [1210/11], signed by "Jacobi fratris mei"[523]. Seigneur de Beaurain 1207. Seigneur de Fauquemberques 1209. "Willelmus Sancti Audomari castellanus" granted land and pasturage rights to the burgers of Saint-Omer by charter dated Sep 1218[524]. "…W. castellanus Sancti Odomari, Willelmus frater eius…" agreed to submit to the decision of the mediator in the affair of the succession of Marguerite Ctss of Flanders charter dated Mar [1245/46][525]. m (before Apr 1208) IMAGINA [Ismenia] de Looz, daughter of GERARD [II] Comte de Looz, Graf von Rieneck Burggraf von Mainz & his wife Adelheid van Gelderland (-after Aug 1244). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo…primogenitus Wilelmus" married "sororem comitis Lossensis Imaginam" but died childless[526]. "Willelmus S. Aud. castellanus et Ismenia uxor mea" abandoned marshes to the abbey of Saint-Bertin by charter dated Apr 1208[527]. "Guillemus S. Aud. castellanus et Ysmena uxor mea" exempted the inhabitants of Fauquemberghes from taxes after a fire by charter dated May 1222[528]. Her date of death is set by a charter dated Aug 1244 under which Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer made arrangements for the dower of his wife if his brother predeceased her[529]. Guillaume [V] & his wife had one child:

b) JACQUES de Saint-Omer (-[1219/20]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife had five sons, of whom "quartus…Jacobus"[530]. Despite the order of birth stating in this genealogy, the charter dated Apr 1207, under which Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer donated property to the abbey of Saint-André with the consent of "fratrum meorum Galteri…prepositi ecclesie sancti Audomari, Jacobi, Willelmi, Nicholai"[531], appears to establish that Jacques was older than his brother Guillaume. "Willelmus Sancti Audomari castellanus" granted land and pasturage rights to the burgers of Saint-Omer by charter dated Mar [1210/11], signed by "Jacobi fratris mei"[532]. The date of his death is set by the charter dated 1220 under which his brother Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer "seigneur de Prisches" renewed the ratification by Clémence, wife of Jacques, of her husband´s sale to the abbey of Maroilles[533]. m [firstly] CLEMENCE de Dammartin, daughter of AUBRY [II] Comte de Dammartin & his wife Mathilde [Mabile] de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (-after Jun 1218). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo…quartus filius Jacobus" married "Constantiam, sororem comitis Renaldi de Dommartin" who died childless[534]. "Clémence femme de Jacques de Prisches" ratified her husband´s sale to the abbey of Maroilles by charter dated Jun 1218[535]. [m secondly (after Jun 1218) as her second husband, [ELISABETH, widow of GEOFFROY de Villehardouin Prince of Achaia, daughter of [CLAREMBAUD de Chappes & his wife Elisabeth de Traînel]. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo…quartus filius Jacobus" married secondly "principissam Achayæ" by whom he had no children[536]. If this source is correct, from a chronological point of view the widow of Geoffroy de Villehardouin Prince of Achaia was the only person at that time who could be referred to as "principissam Achayæ". However, the date of Geoffroy´s death is uncertain, either in [1218] or later (see GREECE, LATIN LORDSHIPS for a discussion of the question). If the former date is correct, there was little time for his widow´s second marriage before Jacques was killed. If Geoffroy died after this date, the reported second marriage would of course have been impossible. In any case, as shown above Jacques´s first wife is recording as living in a charter dated Jun 1218[537].]

c) GUILLAUME [VI] de Saint-Omer (-[1247/Jul 1251]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife had five sons, of whom the second "similiter Wilelmus" succeeded his brother, adding in a later passage that he also died childless[538]. Despite the order of birth stating in this genealogy, the charter dated Apr 1207, under which Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer donated property to the abbey of Saint-André with the consent of "fratrum meorum Galteri…prepositi ecclesie sancti Audomari, Jacobi, Willelmi, Nicholai"[539], appears to establish that the second Guillaume was younger than his brother Jacques. Seigneur de Pitgam et de Berquin. On crusade 1218/20. "Willermus miles dominus de Pitgham et de Berkin frater domini Willelmi castellani sancti Audomari" donated property to the church of Watten by charter dated Nov 1242[540]. "…W. castellanus Sancti Odomari, Willelmus frater eius…" agreed to submit to the decision of the mediator in the affair of the succession of Marguerite Ctss of Flanders charter dated Mar [1245/46][541]. Châtelain de Saint-Omer.

d) GAUTHIER de Saint-Omer (-killed in battle Palestine [1218]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife had five sons, of whom "tertius…Galterus" was "clericus…et præpositus ecclesiæ Sancti-Audomari", adding that he was killed "a Saracenis"[542]. Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer donated property to the abbey of Saint-André, with the consent of "fratrum meorum Galteri…prepositi ecclesie sancti Audomari, Jacobi, Willelmi, Nicholai", by charter dated Apr 1207[543]. Although this document appears to establish the correct order of birth of the brothers Jacques and the second Guillaume, no conclusion can be drawn concerning the position of Gauthier in the family because of the precedence normally given in contemporary documentation to sons who followed a religious career irrespective of their actual order of birth in a family. Provost of Sainte-Marie, Saint-Omer.

e) NICOLAS [I] de Saint-Omer (-[1217/19]). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife had five sons, of whom "quintus…Nicolaus"[544]. Guillaume Châtelain de Saint-Omer donated property to the abbey of Saint-André, with the consent of "fratrum meorum Galteri…prepositi ecclesie sancti Audomari, Jacobi, Willelmi, Nicholai", by charter dated Apr 1207[545]. Lord of Boetia.

- LORDS of THEBES.

f) BEATRIX de Saint-Omer (-26 Apr 1254). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Beatrix" as sixth daughter of "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife, adding that she married "domino Philippo de Aria, fratri domini Balduini de Aria" and naming their descendants, and in a later passage that she succeeded to the châtellenie de Saint-Omer after the death of her brother Guillaume [VI] without direct heirs[546]. "Willelmus s. Aud. castellanus" set the dowry for his four daughters by charter dated to before 1190, granting an additional third to "Beatrici"[547], which suggests that she was the oldest daughter. This is confirmed by her inheritance of the châtellenie of Saint-Omer after the death of her brother. Dame de la Jumelle 1216. Châtelaine de Saint-Omer et Dame de Fauquemberques. "Beatrix castellana sancti Audomari" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Augustin-lez-Térouane, with the consent of "Mathildis filie mee et heredis nec non et Willermi predicte Mathildis primogeniti filii et heredis", by charter dated Jul 1251[548]. "Beatrix castellana S. A., Mathildis domina de Relenghes et heres dicte Beatricis et Willermus de Relenges castellanus sancti Audomari et dominus de Falcoberga" confirmed a sale of property by Guillaume de Danebrueet to Didier de la Porte by charter dated Dec 1251[549]. The obituary of Saint-André-lez-Aire records her death 26 Apr 1254[550]. Her descendants are noted in detail by Giry[551]. m (before 1203) PHILIPPE d'Aires, son of --- (-before Mar 1211).

g) MATHILDE de Saint-Omer (-after May 1241). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Machtildis" as eldest daughter of "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife, adding that she married "advocato Morinensi" but died childless[552]. m [ARNOUL [IV] avoué de Thérouanne, son of ---].

h) IDA de Saint-Omer (-after 1222). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Yda" as second daughter of "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife, adding that she married "præposito Duacensi" by whom she had one daughter "Ydam" who married "Alardo de Antoing" (and naming their descendants)[553]. m (before 1207) GERARD [III] Prévôt de Douai, son of --- (-after Sep 1221).

i) AGNES de Saint-Omer (-1249 or after). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Agnes" as third daughter of "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife, adding that she was "abbatissa…apud Messines in Flandria"[554]. Abbess of Messines.

j) ALAIS de Saint-Omer (-after 1218). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Alaydis" as fourth daughter of "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife, adding that she married "Balduino de Creki" (as his second wife) and secondly "domino Anselmo de Lomviler domino de Kahen", naming her descendants by both marriages[555]. m firstly as his second wife, BAUDOUIN [I] de Créquy, son of ---. m secondly ANSELME de Louviler Seigneur de Kahen, son of ---.

k) MARGUERITE de Saint-Omer . The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Margareta" as fifth daughter of "castellano Sancti-Audomari domino Wilelmo" and his wife, adding that she married "Balduino de Creki, filio domini Balduini ex uxore prima" and naming their descendants[556]. m BAUDOUIN [II] de Créquy, son of BAUDOUIN [I] de Créquy & his first wife ---.

2. [AGNES] de Saint-Omer . 1166. m GAUTHIER de Courtrai, son of ---. 1162/73.

The names of the following small family group suggest a relationship with the family of the châtelains de Saint-Omer:

1. WALTER de Faukenberge . The prior of Bullingham issued a quitclaim to "Waltero de Faukenberge et uxori sue Agneti et heredibus suis" relating to "totum tenementum de Maubertorp quod Simon filius Simonis [de Kyme] dedit nobis" by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo fratre Walteri de Faukenberge…"[557]. m AGNES, daughter of ---. The prior of Bullingham issued a quitclaim to "Waltero de Faukenberge et uxori sue Agneti et heredibus suis" relating to "totum tenementum de Maubertorp quod Simon filius Simonis [de Kyme] dedit nobis" by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo fratre Walteri de Faukenberge…"[558].

2. WILLIAM de Faukenberge . The prior of Bullingham issued a quitclaim to "Waltero de Faukenberge et uxori sue Agneti et heredibus suis" relating to "totum tenementum de Maubertorp quod Simon filius Simonis [de Kyme] dedit nobis" by charter dated to the late 12th century, witnessed by "…Willelmo fratre Walteri de Faukenberge…"[559].

Chapter 4. COMTES de GUINES

The county of Guines was founded in 928 by the Viking Siegfried in the northern coastal part of the county of Boulogne, his descendants in the male line continuing to rule the county, according to the Historia Comitum Ghisnensium, until 1137. In the following decade, the county passed by marriage to the family of the Burggraafen of Gent who continued to rule there until the late 13th century.

The history of the family of the Comtes de Guines is recounted in the Historia Comitum Ghisnensium written at the end of the 12th century by Lambert of Ardres, whose family was closely related to Guines family[560]. The Historia is one of the few examples of a European primary source from this period which deals almost exclusively with a relatively obscure provincial noble family. The narrative concerning the earlier generations is full of apparent inaccuracies. Where comparison with other sources is possible, numerous inconsistencies can be observed, which does not raise the confidence level concerning other information contained in the Historia. There is no indication of the sources which may have been available to the author for the earlier years.

A. COMTES de GUINES

1. WALBERT, son of --- . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Walbertus comes" specifying that he occupied "Pontivi comitatum et Sancti Pauli"[561]. m ---. The name of Walbert's wife is not known. Walbert & his wife had one child:

a) BERTIN . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "filio suo [=Walberti comitis] Bertino"[562].

2. PHARUS . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "sanctus Pharo frater eiusdem Walberti" specifying that he was later "episcopus…Meldensis"[563].

1. SIEGFRIED, son of --- (-[965]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Sifridus" specifying that he was of Danish origin and "de eiusdem Walberti cognatione progenitus"[564]. His precise relationship with Walbert has not been identified. He was installed as Comte de Guines in 928. m ([960/65]) ELSTRUDE de Flandre, daughter of ARNOUL I Count of Flanders & his [second] wife Adela de Vermandois (-966[565] or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "comes Balduinus sororem…Elstrudem" as wife of "Sifridus"[566]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "comes Balduinus sororem…Elstrudem" as wife of "Sifridus"[567]. According to the Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini, the couple were never married, their son Ardolf being illegitimate[568]. Comte Siegfried & his wife had one child:

a) ARDOLF de Guines (posthumously 966-). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Ardolphus" as son of "Elstrudis", specifying that he was born posthumously[569]. Comte de Guines. "…Theoderico comite, Arnulfo comite, Artoldo comite, Baldwino comite, item Arnulfo comite…" signed the charter dated 1 Apr 988 under which "Baldwinus marchysus cum matre sua Susanna" donated "villam Aflingehem…jacentem in pago Tornacinse" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, after the death of "Arnulfi marchysi"[570]. The editor of the edition consulted suggests that "Artoldo comite" was Ardolf Comte de Guines. m MATHILDE de Boulogne, daughter of ERNICULE de Boulogne & his wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Bolonie comitis Erniculi filiam Mathildem" as wife of "Ardolphus"[571]. Comte Ardolf & his wife had two children:

i) RAOUL de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Radulphum et Rogerum" as the two sons of "comiti Ghisnensi Ardolpho" & his wife[572].

- see below.

ii) ROGER de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Radulphum et Rogerum" as the two sons of "comiti Ghisnensi Ardolpho" & his wife, specifying that Roger, the younger, died "antequam pubescerat iuvenis"[573].

RAOUL de Guines, son of ARDOLF Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Boulogne . He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines.

m ROSELLA, daughter of [HUGUES [I] Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife ---]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "filiam comitis Sancti Pauli…Hugonis…Rosellam" as wife of "Radulphus [comes Ghisnensi]"[574]. As noted in the chapter in the present document which records the Comtes de Saint-Pol, the existence of Hugues [I] Comte de Saint-Pol should be treated with caution. The accuracy of the Historia´s information concerning his supposed daughter is not known.

Comte Raoul & his wife had one child:

1. EUSTACHE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Eustacium" as son of "Radulphus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[575]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines. m SUSANNE de Grimmingen, daughter of SIGER de Grimmingen, camerarius of Flanders & his wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Flandrie camerarii Sigeri de Gherminiis filiam…Susannam" as wife of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]"[576]. Comte Eustache & his wife had five children:

a) BAUDOUIN de Guines (-before 1097). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum, Willelmum et Reinelmum, Adelam et Beatricem" as the children of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[577]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines.

- see below.

b) GUILLAUME de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum, Willelmum et Reinelmum, Adelam et Beatricem" as the children of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[578].

c) REINEL de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum, Willelmum et Reinelmum, Adelam et Beatricem" as the children of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[579].

d) ADELA de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum, Willelmum et Reinelmum, Adelam et Beatricem" as the children of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[580].

e) BEATRIX de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum, Willelmum et Reinelmum, Adelam et Beatricem" as the children of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[581].

BAUDOUIN de Guines, son of EUSTACHE Comte de Guines & his wife Susanne de Grimmingen (-before 1097). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum, Willelmum et Reinelmum, Adelam et Beatricem" as the children of "Eustacius [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[582]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines. "Balduini comitis et uxoris sive filiorum" donated property to "monachorum cœnobii S. Salvatoris Carosensis" by charter dated 1084[583]. The cartulary of the abbey of Charroux records the founding of the abbey of Ardres by "Balduinius comes Gisnensis" in 1097, confirmed following his death by "filius eius Manasses", the charter being subscribed by "Hugo archidiaconus frater Manassis comitis…Fulco frater comitis"[584]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records the death of "Balduinus" and his burial "cum duobus filiis suis Widone et Hugone, Andrie"[585].

m ADELA [Christina] [of Holland, daughter of FLORIS I Count [of Holland] & his wife Gertrud of Saxony] (-1085). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "viri Lotharie et milicie ducis florigeri Florentini filiam Adelam…dicta Cristiana" as wife of "Balduinum [comem Ghisnensi]"[586]. The passage contains no direct reference to the Counts of Holland, although the first name "Florentinus" is indicative and has not been found in other contemporary noble families. If Adela belonged to the family of the Counts of Holland, the text is chronologically consistent with Count Floris I being her father. This hypothesis assumes that the text correctly names Adela's father in the first place. This is far from certain in light of the numerous inaccuracies and inconsistencies in the early parts of the Historia. In addition, none of the names typically associated with the family of the Counts of Holland are found among the couple's descendants. Jean Bishop of Tournai confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Andres by "Balduinum piæ memoriæ comitem Gisnensem uxoremque eius Athelam" by charter dated 1122 which names "filiisque eius Manasse, Fulcone, Hugone, Widone"[587].

Comte Baudouin & his wife had six children:

1. ROBERT [Manassès] de Guines (-Ardres 1137). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Robertus…dictus est Manasses…Fulconem …Guidonem…Hugonem…Adelidem quoque Samurensem et Ghislam Gandavensem" as children of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife[588]. The cartulary of the abbey of Charroux records the founding of the abbey of Ardres by "Balduinius comes Gisnensis" in 1097, confirmed following his death by "filius eius Manasses", the charter being subscribed by "Hugo archidiaconus frater Manassis comitis…Fulco frater comitis"[589]. No explanation has so far been found for Robert's use of the alternative name Manassès. He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines. A charter dated 1097 records that "Balduinus comes Gisnensis" founded the monastery of Andres, confirmed after his death by "filius eius Manasses", witnessed by "Hugo archidiaconus frater Manassæ comitis…Fulco frater comitis…"[590]. “Manasses Gisnensis comes et Emma uxor eius…filia Willielmi de Arras” founded Redlingfield priory by charter dated 1120, witnessed by “Widonis fratris mei, Rosæ filiæ meæ”[591]. Jean Bishop of Tournai confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Andres by "Balduinum piæ memoriæ comitem Gisnensem uxoremque eius Athelam" by charter dated 1122 which names "filiisque eius Manasse, Fulcone, Hugone, Widone"[592]. “Manasses…Gisnensium comes…cum uxore mea Emma et filia Rosa” confirmed possessions of Andres by undated charter[593]. "Manasses Gisnensium comes et Emma comitissa" granted the administration of the church of Saint-Léonard to Saint-Bertin by charter dated 1129[594]. “Manasses Gisnensium comes, Emma comitissa, Henricus castellanus de Brochborc, Livildis mater sua, Mathildis, Adaliza, sorores suæ…” witnessed the charter dated 1130 under which "Henricus de Campanies" donated property to Andres[595]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records the death of Manassès and his burial "in Andrie monasterio"[596]. m (before 1106) as her second husband, EMMA d'Arques, widow of NELE de Muneville, daughter of GUILLAUME Vicomte d'Arques Lord of Folkestone & his wife Beatrix Malet (-after 1140). “Manasses Gisnensis comes et Emma uxor eius…filia Willielmi de Arras” founded Redlingfield priory by charter dated 1120, witnessed by “Widonis fratris mei, Rosæ filiæ meæ”[597]. The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Emmam filiam Roberti camerarii de Tancarvilla in Normannia, viduam Odonis de Folkestane in Anglia" as wife of "Manasses"[598], which appears to be incorrect. "Manasses Gisnensium comes et Emma comitissa" granted the administration of the church of Saint-Léonard to Saint-Bertin by charter dated 1129[599]. “Manasses…Gisnensium comes…cum uxore mea Emma et filia Rosa” confirmed possessions of Andres by undated charter[600]. “Manasses Gisnensium comes, Emma comitissa, Henricus castellanus de Brochborc, Livildis mater sua, Mathildis, Adaliza, sorores suæ…” witnessed the charter dated 1130 under which "Henricus de Campanies" donated property to Andres[601]. According to Domesday Descendants she became a nun at Saint-Leonard de Guines after the death of her second husband[602]. Comte Robert & his wife had one child:

a) SIBYLLE [Rose] de Guines (-after 1120). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Sibillam…Rosam nominatam" as the only daughter of "Manasses [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, naming her husband "castellano Broburgensi Henrico" and specifying that she was buried "in monasterio beate Marie de Capella"[603]. “Manasses Gisnensis comes et Emma uxor eius…filia Willielmi de Arras” founded Redlingfield priory by charter dated 1120, witnessed by “Widonis fratris mei, Rosæ filiæ meæ”[604]. “Manasses…Gisnensium comes…cum uxore mea Emma et filia Rosa” confirmed possessions of Andres by undated charter[605]. m as his first wife, HENRI Châtelain de Bourbourg, son of THEMARD Châtelain de Bourbourg & his wife --- (-after 1162, bur Saint-Bertin).

Comte Robert had one illegitimate child by an unknown mistress:

b) ADELAIDE . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Adelidem" as daughter of "Manasses [comes Ghisnensi]" and "puella apud Ghisnas oriunda", naming her husband "Eustacio filio Heremari de Balinghehen" and their six children[606]. m EUSTACHE de Balinghehen, son of HEREMAR de Balinghehen & his wife ---.

2. FOULQUES de Guines (-after 1110). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Robertus…dictus est Manasses…Fulconem… Guidonem…Hugonem…Adelidem quoque Samurensem et Ghislam Gandavensem" as children of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, specifying that Foulques "in terra promissionis comitem apud Baruth" and was buried there[607]. A charter dated 1097 records that "Balduinus comes Gisnensis" founded the monastery of Andres, confirmed after his death by "filius eius Manasses", witnessed by "Hugo archidiaconus frater Manassæ comitis…Fulco frater comitis…"[608]. He was installed as Lord of Beirut after the capture of the city in 1110. Jean Bishop of Tournai confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Andres by "Balduinum piæ memoriæ comitem Gisnensem uxoremque eius Athelam" by charter dated 1122 which names "filiisque eius Manasse, Fulcone, Hugone, Widone"[609].

3. GUY de Guines (-after 1120, bur Andria). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Robertus…dictus est Manasses…Fulconem… Guidonem…Hugonem…Adelidem quoque Samurensem et Ghislam Gandavensem" as children of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, specifying that Guy was "comitem de Forois" but buried "in Andria"[610]. “Manasses Gisnensis comes et Emma uxor eius…filia Willielmi de Arras” founded Redlingfield priory by charter dated 1120, witnessed by “Widonis fratris mei, Rosæ filiæ meæ”[611]. Jean Bishop of Tournai confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Andres by "Balduinum piæ memoriæ comitem Gisnensem uxoremque eius Athelam" by charter dated 1122 which names "filiisque eius Manasse, Fulcone, Hugone, Widone"[612].

4. HUGUES de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Robertus…dictus est Manasses…Fulconem… Guidonem…Hugonem…Adelidem quoque Samurensem et Ghislam Gandavensem" as children of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, specifying that Hugues was "Morinensis ecclesie archidiaconum" but later became a knight and was buried "in Andria"[613]. A charter dated 1097 records that "Balduinus comes Gisnensis" founded the monastery of Andres, confirmed after his death by "filius eius Manasses", witnessed by "Hugo archidiaconus frater Manassæ comitis…Fulco frater comitis…"[614]. Jean Bishop of Tournai confirmed the foundation of the monastery of Andres by "Balduinum piæ memoriæ comitem Gisnensem uxoremque eius Athelam" by charter dated 1122 which names "filiisque eius Manasse, Fulcone, Hugone, Widone"[615].

5. ADELAIDE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Robertus…dictus est Manasses…Fulconem… Guidonem…Hugonem…Adelidem quoque Samurensem et Ghislam Gandavensem" as children of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, specifying that her marriage with "Samurensi domino Galfrido" was arranged by "Parisiensis episcopi Guiffredi, Boloniensis comitis Eustacii fratris" to whom she was "cognata et consanguinea"[616]. This text cannot be taken as completely conclusive about Adelaide's marriage as a 12th century genealogy of the Semur family names "comte Renaud" (without giving any territorial epithet) as father of Adelaide, wife of Geoffrey de Semur[617]. Nevertheless, the precision of the text of the Historia relating to Adelaide's marriage does suggest some reliability, despite the many inaccuracies in other parts of the narrative concerning the earlier generations of the family of the Comtes de Guines. The reference to Geoffroy de Boulogne (appointed Bishop of Paris in 1061, died 1095) provides a good chronological link to Seigneur Geoffroy [IV], assuming the marriage was arranged towards the end of the bishop's life. m (before 1095) GEOFFROY [IV] Seigneur de Semur, son of GEOFFROY [III] Seigneur de Semur & his wife Ermengard de Semur (-[1070/80], bur Marcigny).

6. GISELA de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Robertus…dictus est Manasses…Fulconem… Guidonem…Hugonem…Adelidem quoque Samurensem et Ghislam Gandavensem" as children of "Balduinus [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, naming "Gandavensis oppidi castellanus…Winemarus" as husband of Gisela[618]. m as his second wife, WENEMAR van Gent, son of [619][LAMBERT [II] Burggraf van Gent & his wife Geyla ---] (-1118 or after).

B. COMTES de GUINES (GENT)

ARNOUL van Gent, son of WENEMAR [I] Burggraf van Gent & his second wife Gisela de Guines (-Newton, England 1169, bur Saint-Inglevert). He succeeded as Comte de Guines in 1146 after his great-niece Beatrix de Bourbourg was divorced by her first husband Aubrey [III] de Vere Earl of Oxford, who had been Comte de Guines de iure uxoris. "Arnoudus comes Ghisnensis" granted tax exemptions in his county to Gant Saint-Pierre by charter dated to [1127/69], signed by "Walterus comes, Alelmus de Ghisnes…Arnulfus vicecomes…"[620]. “Arnulfus…Gisnensium comes et Mathildis […de S. Audomaro] comitissa uxor mea et Balduinus filius meus” donated property to "Abbati Gunfrido de Claromaresch" by charter dated to [1145][621]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records the death of "comes Arnoldus" in 1169[622]. The Chronica Andrensis records the death of "Arnoldus comes Gisnensis" while in England "in propria mansione sua apud Nevetona" and his burial "in Sontingeveld"[623].

m MATHILDE de Saint-Omer, daughter of GUILLAUME [II] Châtelain de Saint-Omer & his wife Mélisende de Picquigny (-after [1145]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mathildis" as daughter of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Mathilde married "Arnoldus Gandavensis" and brought Tournai as her dowry[624]. “Arnulfus…Gisnensium comes et Mathildis […de S. Audomaro] comitissa uxor mea et Balduinus filius meus” donated property to "Abbati Gunfrido de Claromaresch" by charter dated to [1145][625].

Comte Arnoul & his wife had thirteen children:

1. BAUDOUIN [II] de Guines (-2 Jan 1205). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Balduinum, Willelmum…et Manassem et Sigerum et Arnoldum" as the sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[626]. He succeeded his father in 1169 as Comte de Guines.

- see below.

2. GUILLAUME de Guines (-after 1217). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Balduinum, Willelmum…et Manassem et Sigerum et Arnoldum" as the sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[627]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” exchanged land with the monastery of Andres by charter dated to [1170], witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Ernulfus et Willelmus filii mei…"[628]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey by charter dated 1202 witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Balduinus filius meus, Gusfridus filius meus, Balduinus filius Willelmi fratris mei…"[629]. The Chronica Andrensis names "Willelmus de Gisnes senior…domini comitis Balduini frater germanus" in 1217[630]. m FLANDRINE de Saint-Pol, daughter of ANSELME "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his first wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Flandrinam comitis Sancti-Pauli Hugonis neptem" as wife of "Willelmum de Ghisnis [filium Willelmi Andomarensis castellanus]"[631]. Guillaume & his wife had two children:

a) BAUDOUIN de Guines (-after 1202). “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey by charter dated 1202 witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Balduinus filius meus, Gusfridus filius meus, Balduinus filius Willelmi fratris mei…"[632].

b) GUILLAUME de Guines . The Chronica Andrensis names "Willelmus de Gisnes miles, supradicti domini Willelmi filius" in 1218[633].

3. MANASSES de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Balduinum, Willelmum…et Manassem et Sigerum et Arnoldum" as the sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[634].

4. SIGER de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Balduinum, Willelmum…et Manassem et Sigerum et Arnoldum" as the sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[635].

5. ARNOUL de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Balduinum, Willelmum…et Manassem et Sigerum et Arnoldum" as the sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Arnoul died "adolescentum"[636].

6. MARGUERITE de Guines (-1222). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Marguerite married firstly "Eustacio de Fielnis" and secondly "Rogero Curtracensi castellano"[637]. "Margareta quondam castellana Curtracensis" donated revenue to Gant Saint-Pierre by undated charter[638]. A charter dated to [1201/09] records the donation by "nobilis matrona Margareta…castellana Curtracensis" to Gant Saint-Pierre for the anniversary of "domini Eustachii primi mariti eiusdem matrone"[639]. m firstly EUSTACHE [III] de Fiennes, son of EUSTACHE [II] Seigneur de Fiennes & his wife ---. m secondly ROGER [I] Châtelain de Courtrai Burchgraeve van Gent, son of --- (-1190 or after).

7. BEATRIX de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Beatrix married firstly "Willelmo Faramus de Tingreio" and secondly "castellano de Bellomanso Hugoni"[640]. m firstly GUILLAUME Faramus de Tingry, son of ---. m secondly HUGUES de Beaumetz Châtelain de Bapaume, son of ---.

8. ADELAIDE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Marguerite married firstly "Insulensi castellano Hugoni" (specifying that he was "prius Sancti Piati Seclinensis preoposito") and secondly "Roberto de Waveriaco, fratri Hellini Flandrie dapiferi sive senescali", specifying that her dowry was "apud Senghiniacum"[641]. m firstly HUGUES Châtelain de Lille, son of --- (-1169 or after). m secondly ROBERT de Wavrin, son of ROGER [III] de Wavrin & his first wife Mathilde [de Lens] (-1209 or after).

9. EUPHEMIA de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Euphemia and Lutgarde were "in monasterio Sancti Leonardi apud Ghisnas…sanctimoniales" where Euphemia was later abbess[642]. Abbess of Guines

10. LUTGARDE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Euphemia and Lutgarde were "in monasterio Sancti Leonardi apud Ghisnas…sanctimoniales" where Lutgarde succeeded her sister Euphemia as abbess [643]. Abbess of Guines

11. MATHILDE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Mathilde married "Balduino filio Willelmi Moranni de Hondeschote"[644]. m BOUDEWIJN Moran van Hondschote, son of WILLEM Moran van Hondschote & his wife --- (-1205 or after).

12. GISELA de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Gisela married "de Ag sive Aqua Waltero de Pollario"[645]. m WALTER van der Aa Heer zu Pollare.

13. AGNES de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Margaretam…Beatricem…Adelidem …Eufemiam et Luthgaudam…Mathildem…Ghislam…Agnetem" as the eight daughters of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife, specifying that Agnes married on the advice of "nepotum suorum…walteri Tyberiadis…in terra" where she was poisoned "ut dicitur" and buried[646]. m --- (-[murdered] Palestine ----).

BAUDOUIN de Guines, son of ARNOUL [I] Comte de Guines & his wife Mahaut de Saint-Omer (-2 Jan 1205). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Balduinum, Willelmum…et Manassem et Sigerum et Arnoldum" as the sons of "Willelmus Andomarensis castellanus" & his wife[647]. “Arnulfus…Gisnensium comes et Mathildis […de S. Audomaro] comitissa uxor mea et Balduinus filius meus” donated property to "Abbati Gunfrido de Claromaresch" by charter dated to [1145][648]. He succeeded his father in 1169 as Comte de Guines. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” exchanged land with the monastery of Andres by charter dated to [1170], witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Ernulfus et Willelmus filii mei…"[649]. "Baldewinus Gisnensium comes et Christiana comitissa uxor mea" donated property to "Willelmi abbatis de Claromaresch" by charter dated Jul 1174, witnessed by "…Arnulfo vicecomite de Markenes, Eustathio de Bavelinghem, Hugone filio eius…", a second donation witnessed by "…Eustachio de Bavelingehem, Balduino fratre eius…"[650]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey by charter dated 1202 witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Balduinus filius meus, Gusfridus filius meus, Balduinus filius Willelmi fratris mei…"[651]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey, with the consent of "Arnulfus de Gisnes castellanus de Borburg filius meus", by charter dated 1203 witnessed by "Ægidio de Loressa filio meo…"[652].

m CHRISTIANA d'Ardres, daughter of ARNOUL [IV] de Marcq Seigneur d'Ardres & his wife Adelide d'Ardres (-2 Jul 1177). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Christianam Ardensis domini filiam" as wife of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius"[653]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records that "Ernulfus de Hardres" gave "Toleshund" in Essex, Hertfordshire to "Baldewino comiti in maritagio cum filia sua"[654]. "Baldewinus Gisnensium comes et Christiana comitissa uxor mea" donated property to "Willelmi abbatis de Claromaresch" by charter dated Jul 1174, witnessed by "…Arnulfo vicecomite de Markenes, Eustathio de Bavelinghem, Hugone filio eius…"[655]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records the death "1177 VI Non Iul" of "Ghisnensis comitissa Christiana" and her burial "Andrensis ecclesie"[656].

Comte Baudouin & his wife had ten children:

1. MABILE de Guines (-1197 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife, naming "Iohanni filio Petronille de Chisonio" as husband of Mabile[657]. m JAN [II] Heer van Peteghem, son of JAN [I] Heer van Peteghem & his wife Petronille --- (-1220 or after).

2. ARNOUL [II] de Guines (-1220). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[658]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines.

- see below.

3. GUILLAUME de Guines (-Colvide ----, bur Andria). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife, specifying that Guillaume was a knight who died "in flore iuventutis apud Colvidem" and was buried "Andrie"[659]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” exchanged land with the monastery of Andres by charter dated to [1170], witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Ernulfus et Willelmus filii mei…"[660].

4. MANASSES de Guines (-after Jun 1223). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[661]. Seigneur de Tiembronne. "Manassès frère du comte de Ghisnes, Sgr de Timbrone et Aélis sa femme" donated property in Rosbergue to "Jean du Gardin bourgeois de St-Omer" by charter dated 1213[662]. The Chronica Andrensis records the donation of "Manasses de Gisnis et dominus de Tiembronne" in 1214[663]. "Manassès de Guines Sgr de Thiembronne et Adélaide de Thiembronne son épouse" donated property to Licques by charter dated Jun 1223[664]. m AELIS, daughter of --- (-after Jun 1223). "Manassès frère du comte de Ghisnes, Sgr de Timbrone et Aélis sa femme" donated property in Rosbergue to "Jean du Gardin bourgeois de St-Omer" by charter dated 1213[665]. "Manassès de Guines Sgr de Thiembronne et Adélaide de Thiembronne son épouse" donated property to Licques by charter dated Jun 1223[666].

5. BAUDOUIN de Guines (-1229 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife, specifying that Baudouin was a priest "Morinensis ecclesie canonicum et Neleiorum…sancti Petri Apostolorum principis iuxta Montorium"[667]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey by charter dated 1202 witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Balduinus filius meus, Gusfridus filius meus, Balduinus filius Willelmi fratris mei…"[668]. Priest at Thérouanne.

6. GILLES de Guines (-1227 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Egidium…Sigerum…Adelinam… Margaretam…Mathildem" as further children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[669], recorded after the record of their father's accession as Comte de Guines, implying that they were all born after this date. Seigneur de Loresse. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey, with the consent of "Arnulfus de Gisnes castellanus de Borburg filius meus", by charter dated 1203 witnessed by "Ægidio de Loressa filio meo…"[670]. m CHRISTINE de Montjardin, daughter of EUSTACHE de Montjardin & his wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Eustacii de Mongardinio filiam Christianam" as the wife of "Egidium [filium Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis]"[671].

7. SIGER de Guines (-1205 or after). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Egidium…Sigerum…Adelinam… Margaretam…Mathildem" as further children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[672], recorded after the record of their father's accession as Comte de Guines, implying that they were all born after this date. m ADELIDIS de Seltun, daughter of HENRI de Seltun & his wife ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Henrici de Seltunio iuxta Memerim filiam Adelidem" as the wife of "Sigerum [filium Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis]"[673].

8. ADELINE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Egidium…Sigerum…Adelinam… Margaretam…Mathildem" as further children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[674], recorded after the record of their father's accession as Comte de Guines, implying that they were all born after this date. The Historia names "Balduino de Engoudeshen vel de Markisio, de Caiocho tamen nominato" as first husband of Adeline and "Hugoni de Malo- sive Molli-Alneto" as her second husband. m firstly BAUDOUIN de Marquise dit d'Engoudessen, son of ---. m secondly HUGUES de Malaunoy, son of ---.

9. MARGUERITE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Egidium…Sigerum…Adelinam… Margaretam…Mathildem" as further children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[675], recorded after the record of their father's accession as Comte de Guines, implying that they were all born after this date. The Historia names "Rabodoni de Ruinis" as husband of Marguerite. m RABODON de Rumes, son of ---.

10. MATHILDE de Guines . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Egidium…Sigerum…Adelinam… Margaretam… Mathildem" as further children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[676], recorded after the record of their father's accession as Comte de Guines, implying that they were all born after this date. The Historia names "Willelmis filius Clarmboldi de Timbonia" as husband of Mathilde, specifying that they died without heirs. m GUILLAUME de Tiembronne, son of CLAREMBAUD de Tiembronne & his wife ---.

Comte Baudouin had four illegitimate children by unknown mistresses:

11. GEOFFROY . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Guffridum…Boldekinum…Eustacium clericum et Willelkinum" as illegitimate children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" born after his wife's death, specifying that Geoffroy was born in Guines and was "Morinensis et Brugensis ecclesie canonicum"[677]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey by charter dated 1202 witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Balduinus filius meus, Gusfridus filius meus, Balduinus filius Willelmi fratris mei…"[678].

12. BOLDEKIN . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Guffridum…Boldekinum…Eustacium clericum et Willelkinum" as illegitimate children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" born after his wife's death677.

13. EUSTACHE . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Guffridum…Boldekinum…Eustacium clericum et Willelkinum" as illegitimate children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" born after his wife's death677.

14. WILLELKIN . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Guffridum…Boldekinum…Eustacium clericum et Willelkinum" as illegitimate children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" born after his wife's death677.

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the following members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

ARNOUL de Guines, son of BAUDOUIN Comte de Guines & his wife Christine d'Ardres (-1220, bur Ardres). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names (in order) "Mabiliam…Arnoldum…Willelmum… Manassem…Balduinum" as children of "Balduinus Ghisnensis comitis Arnoldi filius" & his wife[679]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” exchanged land with the monastery of Andres by charter dated to [1170], witnessed by "Willelmus frater meus, Ernulfus et Willelmus filii mei…"[680]. “Balduinus comes Gisnensis” donated property to Andres abbey, with the consent of "Arnulfus de Gisnes castellanus de Borburg filius meus", by charter dated 1203 witnessed by "Ægidio de Loressa filio meo…"[681]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Guines. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "comes de Guisnes" holding one knight´s fee and one half "in Parva Hoilande", and three "in Toleshund, quam Ernulfus de Hardres dedit Baldewino comiti in maritagio cum filia sua", both in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][682]. The Chronica Andrensis records the death in 1220 of "Arnulphus comes Gisnensis" and his burial "in hoc loco"[683].

[684]Betrothed (after 1186, contract broken before Apr 1190) to IDA de Flandre Ctss de Boulogne, daughter of MATTHIEU de Flandres Comte de Boulogne & his first wife Marie de Blois Ctss de Boulogne ([1160/61]-21 Apr 1216, bur Boulogne).

m (before Mar 1200) BEATRIX de Bourbourg, daughter of GAUTHIER de Bourbourg & his wife Mathilde de Bethune (-Bourbourg Aug 1224). "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Bourbourch" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, for the souls of "patris mei Walteri castellani de Bourbourch et matris meæ Mathildis de Bethunia dominæ de Chokes et Arnoldi comitis Gisnensis mariti mei et fratris mei Henrici castellani de Bourbourch", by charter dated 12 May 1221[685]. Heiress of Bourbourg and Aalst. The Chronica Andrensis records the death in Aug 1224 "apud Broburgh" of "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Broburg" after a reconciliation with her eldest son Baudouin following many disputes after the death of her husband[686]. Her family origin is indicated by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which records that "Robiers de Biethune" captured "Gisnes el castiel" and "la contesse…sa cousine germaine", dated to [1214] from the context[687]. "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Broborg" donated property at Bounham to build a monastery, for the souls of "Arnulphi mariti mei comitis de Gisnes, patris mei Waltheri castellani de Broborg, matrique meæ Mathildis de Bethunia", by charter dated Dec 1223[688].

Comte Arnoul & his wife had nine children:

1. BAUDOUIN [III] de Guines (-after May 1244). He succeeded his father in 1220 as Comte de Guines.

- see below.

2. ROBERT de Guines (-1244 or after).

3. HENRI de Guines (-1244 or after).

4. ARNOUL de Guines (-after 17 Mar 1261). "Arnulphus de Ghisnes miles, avunculus comitis de Ghisnes" founded the abbey of Peene by charter dated 17 Mar 1261[689]. m AELIDE, daughter of ---.

5. BEATRIX de Guines (-after May 1244). The Chronica Andrensis names "Beatrix comitissa Gisnensis primogenita" when recording that she became a nun at "ecclesia Broburgensis" in 1218[690]. Abbess of Bounham. "Baudewins cuens de Gines et chastellains de Broubbergh" donated grazing rights at Bounham to "Seur Beatris me tres-chiere Sereur et au couvent du novel lieu Nostre dame de Leisbistade" by charter dated May 1244[691].

6. BEATRIX de Guines (-1227 or after). m ANSEAU [II] de Crecques, son of --- (-before 1246).

7. CHRISTINE de Guines . m SALAMON Belle, son of ---.

8. MATHILDE de Guines (-1262). m as his third wife, HUGUES Comte de Saint-Pol, son of GAUCHER [III] Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Elisabeth Ctss de Saint-Pol (before 1196-9 Apr 1248).

9. ADELIDE de Guines .

BAUDOUIN [III] de Guines, son of ARNOUL Comte de Guines & his wife Beatrix de Bourbourg (-after May 1244). He succeeded his father in 1220 as Comte de Guines. "Baudewins cuens de Gines et chastellains de Broubbergh" donated grazing rights at Bounham to "Seur Beatris me tres-chiere Sereur et au couvent du novel lieu Nostre dame de Leisbistade" by charter dated May 1244[692].

m MATHILDE de Fiennes, daughter of GUILLAUME de Fiennes & his wife Agnes de Dammartin.

Comte Baudouin & his wife had four children:

1. ARNOUL [III] de Guines (-after Feb 1282). m ALIX de Coucy, daughter of ENGUERRAND [III] Seigneur de Coucy & third his wife Marie de Montmirail. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Comte Arnoul & his wife had four children:

a) BAUDOUIN de Guines (-after 1293). Châtelain de Bourbourg. m JEANNE de Montmorency, daughter of MATHIEU de Montmorency & his wife ---. Baudouin & his wife had two children:

i) JEANNE de Guines (-Guerville [Sep 1231/19 Apr 1342], bur Foucarmont). The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, records that "Jehan filz [de Jehan fils du dit Alphons]" married "madame Jehanne de Coussy contesse de Guynes à cause de sa mère, fille de Guines et femme monsieur de Coussy", adding in a later passage that she died "en Guerreville" in 1331[693]. Ctss de Guines. m JEAN [III] Comte d'Eu, son of JEAN [II] Comte d'Eu [Brienne] & his wife Beatrix de Châtillon-Saint-Pol (-killed in battle Courtrai 11 Jul 1302, bur Foucarmont)

ii) BLANCHE de Guines (-1341, bur Lannoy Abbey, Beauvais). The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, names "Blanche" as sister of "madame Jehanne de Coussy contesse de Guynes à cause de sa mère, fille de Guines et femme monsieur de Coussy", adding that she died in 1341 and was buried "en une abbaye de l´ordre de Cisteaulx au diocèse de Beauvais...Lannoy"[694].

b) ENGUERRAND de Guines (-after 1321). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Seigneur de Coucy, d'Oisy et de Montmirail.

- SEIGNEURS de COUCY.

c) JEAN de Guines (-after 1323). Vicomte de Meaux. m (after 1305) JEANNE de Chantilly, daughter of GUILLAUME de Chantilly & his wife Leonor de Beausart.

i) JEANNE de Guines . m (Sep 1323) GAUCHER [VI] Seigneur de Chatillon-sur-Marne, son of --- (-1377).

d) ALIX de Guines (-after 1311). m ([1271]) WALTER [VII] Berthout Heer van Mechelen, son of WALTER [VI] Berthout Heer van Mechelen & his wife Marie d´Auvergne (-killed in battle Worringen 5 Jun 1288).

2. BAUDOUIN de Guines (-1308). Seigneur de Sangate. m ISABEAU d'Anequin, daughter of ---.

3. ADELAIDE de Guines . The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Adeluya, filia comitis Balduini de Ghisnes" married "Guilelmus hæres castellaniæ Sancti-Audomari et comitatus de Faukenberghe", son of "domini Joannis de Ypra domini de Renenghes" and his wife "domini Philippi de Aria…filia sua Machtildis"[695]. m GUILLAUME Châtelain de Saint-Omer Comte de Faucquemberghe, son of JEAN d´Ypres Seigneur de Renenghes & his wife Mathilde d´Aire. "Willaumes chevaliers et castelains de Saint-Omer et sires de Faukemberghe" granted a fiefdom to "Lambert Wolveric fil Jehan Wolveric de Saint-Omer" by charter dated Jan [1274/75][696]. "Willaume castelain de Saint-Omer, chevalier, et signeur de Faukenberghe" issued a charter dated 24 Dec 1280 relating to duties over wine[697].

4. IDA de Guines . m GERARD de Prouvy, son of ---.

C. VICOMTES de GUINES

1. ELBERT (-after 1065). Vicomte de Guines. A charter dated 1065 records the donation to Saint-Bertin by "duo fratres Rodgerus et Stephanus" donated property in "villæ Cunes" at "coram comite Gisnensi Balduino…coram Heleberto vice comite"[698].

D. CHÂTELAINS de BOURBOURG

1. THEMARD (-killed [1126/27]). Châtelain de Bourbourg. "…Froulfus castellanus de Bergis, Theorardus castellanus Broburgensis…Bernoldus de Insula…" signed a charter dated 14 Oct 1104 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated revenue to the monastery of Bourbourg[699]. "…Levrardi castellani de Broburg, Froolfi castellani de Bergis…Bernoldi de Insula, Malgeri et Johannis fratris eius" signed a charter dated 21 Mar 1107 under which Robert II Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[700]. "…Theinardus castellanus, Frooldus castellanus, Willelmus castellanus…Bernoldus ex Insula, Malgerus nepos eius, Johannes frater eius, Jordan, Folco filius Malgeri…" signed a charter dated 1112 under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders donated revenue to the monastery of Bourbourg[701]. "Teinardi castellani de Brodburc, Heinrici filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1119, before 17 Jun, under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of Saint-Bertin[702]. "Themardi Broburgensis castellani…Bernoldi de Insula…" signed a charter dated 22 Jun 1121 under which Charles Count of Flanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[703]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Theinardum Brugburgensem castellanum" was killed during the rebellion against Charles Count of Flanders[704]. Galbert of Bruges records that "castellanum ex Brudburch" was killed[705]. m ---. The name of Thémard´s wife is not known. Thémard & his wife had [three] children:

a) HENRI (-after 1162, bur Saint-Bertin). "Teinardi castellani de Brodburc, Heinrici filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1119, before 17 Jun, under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of Saint-Bertin[706]. "…Henrici filii Teinardi, Gisleberti fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1125 under which Charles Count of Flanders confirmed the jurisdiction of Saint-Bertin over "la terre de Bourgbourg" against the claims of the châtelain[707]. Châtelain de Bourbourg.

- see below.

b) WALTER (-killed [1126/27]). The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Theinardum Brugburgensem castellanum…duos…castellani filios Galterum…et Gislabertum" were killed during the rebellion against Charles Count of Flanders[708]. Galbert of Bruges records that "duo filii castellani ex Brudburch…Walterus et Giselbertus" were killed[709].

c) GILBERT (-killed [1126/27]). "…Henrici filii Teinardi, Gisleberti fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1125 under which Charles Count of Flanders confirmed the jurisdiction of Saint-Bertin over "la terre de Bourgbourg" against the claims of the châtelain[710]. The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records that "Theinardum Brugburgensem castellanum…duos…castellani filios Galterum…et Gislabertum" were killed during the rebellion against Charles Count of Flanders[711]. Galbert of Bruges records that "duo filii castellani ex Brudburch…Walterus et Giselbertus" were killed[712].

HENRI de Bourbourg, son of THEMARD Châtelain de Bourbourg & his wife --- (-after 1162, bur Saint-Bertin). "Teinardi castellani de Brodburc, Heinrici filii eius…" signed the charter dated 1119, before 17 Jun, under which Baudouin VII Count of Flanders confirmed the possessions of Saint-Bertin[713]. "…Henrici filii Teinardi, Gisleberti fratris eius…" signed the charter dated 1125 under which Charles Count of Flanders confirmed the jurisdiction of Saint-Bertin over "la terre de Bourgbourg" against the claims of the châtelain[714]. Châtelain de Bourbourg. "…Henricus de Brocborc…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[715]. Galbert of Bruges names "castellano ex Brudburg Heinrico" in early 1128[716]. “Manasses Gisnensium comes, Emma comitissa, Henricus castellanus de Brochborc, Livildis mater sua, Mathildis, Adaliza, sorores suæ…” [from the context the last three named witnesses were related to the donor] witnessed the charter dated 1130 under which "Henricus de Campanies" donated property to Andres[717]. "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…Henrico de Insula…Lamberto de Insula…" signed the charter dated to [1150] which records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg[718]. "…Henrici castellani de Brocborc…" signed the charter dated 1151 under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the town of Saint-Omer[719]. "…Henrici de Broburc constabuli, Rogeri de Wavrin, Rogeri castellani de Curtrai…Gualtero castellani de Duaco…" signed the charter dated 1154 under which Thierry Count of Flanders confirmed an agreement between the abbey of Saint-Amand and "Stephanus ministerialis ville Sancti-Amandi" concerning the injustices by "avus eius Almannus"[720]. "…Henricus castellanus de Brubborg…" signed the charter dated to [1157] under which Thierry Count of Flanders donated property to the town of Saint-Omer[721]. "…Heinricus castellanus de Broborc…" signed the charter dated 1162 under which "Willelmus de Ipres…cum Leliosa consanguinea mea et cum filia sua Petronilla" donated revenue from landto the abbey of Bourbourg[722]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that "Henricum" was buried at Saint-Bertin[723].

m firstly SIBYLLE [Rose] de Guines, daughter of MANASSES Comte de Guines & his wife Emma d´Arques. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Sibillam…Rosam nominatam" as the only daughter of "Manasses [comes Ghisnensi]" & his wife, naming her husband "castellano Broburgensi Henrico" and specifying that she was buried "in monasterio beate Marie de Capella"[724]. “Manasses…Gisnensium comes…cum uxore mea Emma et filia Rosa” confirmed possessions of Andres by undated charter[725].

m secondly BEATRIX van Aalst, daughter of BOUDEWIJN Heer van Aalst & his wife Lutgarde van Grimberghe. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Beatricem" as daughter of "Balduinus…Gernobodatus" and his wife, adding that she married "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio"[726]. A charter dated to [1150] records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg, signed by "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…Henrico de Insula…Lamberto de Insula…"[727].

Henri & his first wife had one child:

1. BEATRIX de Bourbourg (after 1120-1146). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Beatricem" as the only daughter of "castellano Broburgensi Henrico" & his wife Sibylle/Rose, and her marriage in England to "Alberto Apro"[728]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records the separation of "Albertus Aper et Beatrix", her second marriage to "domino Balduino" and her death soon after[729]. m firstly (1139, divorced 1146) as his first wife, AUBREY [III] de Vere, son of AUBREY [II] de Vere & his wife Adelisa [Alice] de Clare ([1110]-26 Dec 1194, bur Colne Priory). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that he succeeded his wife's grandfather as Comte de Guines in 1139 but appointed "Arnoldum de Hammis Comestorum appellatum filium Roberti" as his bailly in Guines[730]. He confirmed grants in England as "Count Aubrey" from [1140/41][731]. Empress Matilda installed him as Master Chamberlain of England and created him Earl of Oxford in [1142]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records the separation of "Albertus Aper et Beatrix"[732], after which he ceased to be Comte de Guines. m secondly (1146) BAUDOUIN Seigneur d'Ardres, son of ---.

Henri & his second wife had twelve children:

2. BAUDOUIN (-bur Bourbourg Sainte-Marie). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix[733]. "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…" signed the charter dated to [1150] which records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg[734]. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that Baudouin, son of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, was buried "in ecclesia sancte Marie Broburgensis" but died childless[735]. m ELISABETH de Béthune, daughter of ROBERT [V] "le Roux" Seigneur de Béthune & his wife Adelaide ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that Baudouin, son of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, married "Elizabeth filiam advocati Roberti de Bethunia" but died childless[736].

3. GAUTHIER . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that the first-named Gauthier died "adolescentulus"[737].

4. HENRI . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that the Henri died after being knighted[738]. "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…" signed the charter dated to [1150] which records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg[739].

5. GILBERT . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that the Gilbert lost his sight during a tournament[740]. "…Henrico castellano Broburgensi, Beatrice uxore eius, Balduino, Henrico, Gilleberto filiis eius…" signed the charter dated to [1150] which records that "Beatricis castellane Broburgensis" granted a serf to the monastery of Bourbourg[741].

6. RAOUL (-bur Péronne). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Raoul was "Noviomensis ecclesie decanus", was elected bishop but died and was buried "Perone sancti Fursei"[742].

7. SIGER (-bur Bourbourg Sainte-Marie). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Siger died soon after his brother Raoul and was buried "beate Marie Broburgensis"[743].

8. GAUTHIER . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Balduinum…Walterum et Henricum, Gillebertum et Rodolphum, Sigerum et Walterum" as the seven sons of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix[744]. m MATHILDE de Béthune, daughter of ROBERT [V] "le Roux" Seigneur de Béthune & his wife Adelaide --- (-[Nov 1220/12 May 1221]). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium records that Gauthier, son of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix married "advocati Roberti de Bethunia filiam Mathildem sororem Elizabeth"[745]. Her parentage and marriage are also indicated by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which records that "Robiers de Biethune" captured "Gisnes el castiel" and "la contesse…sa cousine germaine" (who was Mathilde´s daughter), dated to [1214] from the context[746]. "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[747]. It is possible that this charter indicates a second marriage of the donor to --- de Houdain. Gauthier & his wife had [three] children:

a) HENRI (-before Nov 1220). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Henricum et Beatricem" as children of Gauthier de Béthune and his wife[748].

b) BEATRIX de Bourbourg (-Bourbourg Aug 1224). The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Henricum et Beatricem apud Broburgensem in claustro sanctimonialis" as children of Gauthier de Béthune and his wife[749]. Her marriage and family origin are indicated by the 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre which records that "Robiers de Biethune" captured "Gisnes el castiel" and "la contesse…sa cousine germaine", dated to [1214] from the context[750]. Heiress of Bourbourg and Aalst. "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[751]. "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Bourbourch" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques, for the souls of "patris mei Walteri castellani de Bourbourch et matris meæ Mathildis de Bethunia dominæ de Chokes et Arnoldi comitis Gisnensis mariti mei et fratris mei Henrici castellani de Bourbourch", by charter dated 12 May 1221[752]. The Chronica Andrensis records the death in Aug 1224 "apud Broburgh" of "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Broburg" after a reconciliation with her eldest son Baudouin following many disputes after the death of her husband[753]. "Beatrix comitissa de Gisnes et castellana de Broborg" donated property at Bounham to build a monastery, for the souls of "Arnulphi mariti mei comitis de Gisnes, patris mei Waltheri castellani de Broborg, matrique meæ Mathildis de Bethunia", by charter dated Dec 1223[754]. m (before Mar 1200) ARNOUL Comte de Guines, son of BAUDOUIN Comte de Guines & his wife Christine d'Ardres (-1220, bur Ardres).

c) [CATHERINE (-after Nov 1220). "Dominus Robertus, Wilhelmus, Joannes de Bethunia, fratres Danielis tunc temporis domini Bethuniensis, Atrebatensis advocati, et Amalricus de Fontenella, milites, Beatridis comitissa de Gisnes, et Katarina sorores" witnessed the charter dated Nov 1220 under which "Mathildis de Housdaing…domina de Chockes" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Choques[755]. It is possible that "Mathildis de Housdaing" indicates a second marriage of the donor (mother of Beatrix and Catherine) and that Catherine was her daughter by this second marriage.]

9. MABILE de Bourbourg . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mabilia…Mathildis…Luthgarda…Adelidis…Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Mabile married "Balduino de Bailliolo" and was made "Yprensis vicecomitissa"[756]. m BAUDOUIN de Bailleul, son of ---.

10. MATHILDE de Bourbourg . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mabilia…Mathildis…Luthgarda…Adelidis…Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Mathilde was "Broburgensis ecclesia abbatis"[757]. Abbess of Bourbourg.

11. LUITGARDE de Bourbourg . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mabilia…Mathildis…Luthgarda…Adelidis…Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Luitgarde married "Arnoldo de Cuerthedra"[758]. m ARNAUD de Cuerthedra, son of ---.

12. ADELAIDE de Bourbourg . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mabilia…Mathildis…Luthgarda…Adelidis…Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Adelaide married "Stephano de Sinninghem"[759]. m STEFAN van Sinninghem, son of ---.

13. BEATRIX de Bourbourg . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Mabilia…Mathildis…Luthgarda…Adelidis…Beatrix" as the five daughters of "Broburgensi castellano Henrico, Deinardi filio" and his wife Beatrix, adding that Beatrix remained unmarried[760].

Chapter 5. COMTES de HESDIN

1. ALULFE . Comte de Hesdin. Rameric abbot of Saint-Vallois de Montreuil granted "vill[am] Caveronis" to "Alulphum comitem…Hisdini" and installed him as "advocatum" by charter dated 1000[761].

2. GAUTHIER de Hesdin (-after 1065). Comte de Hesdin. "…Arnulphi de Aldinarda, Walterii de Chimai, Walteri comitis de Hesdin, Balduini comitis de Gisnes, Walteri castellani Duacensis…" signed the charter dated 1065 under Philippe I King of France confirmed the rights of Hasnon abbey[762].

Two brothers:

1. ENGUERRAND de Hesdin (-after 1094). "Enguerrannus" donated "ecclesiam sancti Georgi sitam juxta…castrum Hisdin" to the abbey of Anchin, with the advice of "conjugis mee Mathildis", by charter dated 1094[763]. Baudouin VII Count of Flanders attested that "Walterio Hisdinensi" had committed to defend the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy, founded by "avunculus suus Ingerannus", by charter dated 15 Feb 1113[764]. Duvivier dates the foundation to [1079] but he does not cite the primary source on which this is based[765]. m MATHILDE, daughter of --- (-after 1094). "Enguerrannus" donated "ecclesiam sancti Georgi sitam juxta…castrum Hisdin" to the abbey of Anchin, with the advice of "conjugis mee Mathildis", by charter dated 1094[766]. Her marriage is also suggested by the charter dated 1126 under which Charles Count of Flanders and "Anselmus Hisdinensis consul" returned property, on which "Mathildis comitissa olim" had constructed and from which "Walterus Hisdinensis" had expelled her, to the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy[767].

2. --- de Hesdin . m ---. One child:

a) GAUTHIER de Hesdin (-before 1126). Baudouin VII Count of Flanders attested that "Walterio Hisdinensi" had committed to defend the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy, founded by "avunculus suus Ingerannus", by charter dated 15 Feb 1113, signed by "…Willelmus castellanus Sancti Audomari, Rogerus castellanus Islensis, Geraufus castellanus Casletensis…Robertus nepos Rogeri castellani Islensis…"[768]. Comte de Hesdin. An undated charter of Charles Count of Flanders confirmed the property of the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy "in…comitatu Hisdinensi" and records that "Walterus Hisdinorum comes…heres…[Ingelramni]…cum uxore sua et filio" consented to the charter[769]. m ---. Gauthier & his wife had one child:

i) son . His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter of Charles Count of Flanders confirming the property of the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy "in…comitatu Hisdinensi" which records that "Walterus Hisdinorum comes…heres…[Ingelramni]…cum uxore sua et filio" consented to the charter[770]. same person as…? ANSELME (-after 14 Apr 1127). Charles Count of Flanders and "Anselmus Hisdinensis consul" returned property, on which "Mathildis comitissa olim" had constructed and from which "Walterus Hisdinensis" had expelled her, to the abbey of Saint-Silvin d´Auchy, by charter dated 1126, signed by "…Frumoldo castellano Yprensi, Willelmo filio Willelmi castellani de Sancto Audomaro…"[771]. "…Anselmus de Hesdinio…" signed the charter dated 14 Apr 1127 under which Guillaume Count of Flanders granted privileges to the town of Saint-Omer[772].

Chapter 6. COMTES de LAON, COMTES de DOUAI

1. ADELRAMN [II] [Aleran], son of [ADELRAMN [I] & his wife ---] (-14 Jul, after 885). The primary source which names Adelramn [II] as the son of Adelramn [I] has not so far been identified. Comte de Laon. 11 Oct 864. 879. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "II Id Jul" of "Alerannus comes"[773]. The necrology of Argenteuil Priory records the death "II Id Jul" of "Alerannus comes"[774].

a) GAUTHIER . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Comte de Laon. same person as…? WALCHER, son of --- (-after 892). Comte de Laon. The Annales Vedastini record that "Balduinus" captured Artois, that King Eudes besieged the castle of Laon ("castrum Laudunensium") previously obtained "per tyrannidem" by "Walcherus, eius [Balduinus] consobrinus", and that peace was restored between Baudouin and Walcher through "Evrebertum"[775].

b) other children - see CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY.

1. ROGER [I] (-926). Comte de Laon. Flodoard records the death of "Rodulfus comes, filius Heilwidis" and "non multo post etiam Rotgarius, vitricus eius, comes Laudunensis pagi" in 926[776]. m HELVIDE, daughter of ---. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[777], she was Heilwig di Friulia, widow of Hucbald Comte [d'Ostrevant]. daughter of Eberhard Duke of the March of Friulia [Unruochingi] & his wife Gisela [Carolingian], although another table in Europäische Stammtafeln only names the wife of Comte Roger as "Helvide" but does not give her origin[778]. Her first marriage is proved by the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which names "Hucbaldus de Hainacq" as "huius [=abbas Rodulfus] sororius"[779]. Comte Roger [I] & his wife had [two or more] children:

a) ROGER [II] (-942). Flodoard records that Hugues "le Grand" captured "Duvagium" [Douai] from the Lotharingians and granted it to "Rotgario filio Rotgarii" in 931[780]. Comte de Laon 926, expelled 931. Flodoard records that "Arnulpho, filio Balduini" captured "Moritania, munitio filiorum Rotgarii" [Mortagne] in 931[781]. Comte de Douai 931. Flodoard records that "Rotgarius comes" was expelled by "rege Lodovico" and that "Duagium castellum" was returned to "Arnoldo" in 941 but that "Arnoldum cum Landrico fratre ipsius" were later expelled from the castle by the king[782]. Comte de Bassigny 941. m --- de Bassigny, daughter of GOZELON Comte de Bassigny & his wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Comte Roger [II] & his wife had one child:

i) HUGUES (-25 Aug 961, bur Reims Saint-Rémi). Comte de Bassigny. The necrology of Reims Saint-Rémi records the death "VIII Kal Sep" of "Hugo filius Rogeri comitis"[783].

- COMTES de BASSIGNY.

b) son . The existence of more than one son of Roger [I] is suggested by Flodoard who records that "Arnulpho, filio Balduini" captured "Moritania, munitio filiorum Rotgarii" [Mortagne] in 931[784].

Two brothers, parents not known:

1. ARNAUD . Comte de Douai. Flodoard records that "Rotgarius comes" was expelled by "rege Lodovico" and that "Duagium castellum" was returned to "Arnoldo" in 941 but that "Arnoldum cum Landrico fratre ipsius" were later expelled from the castle by the king[785].

2. LANDRY . Flodoard records that "Rotgarius comes" was expelled by "rege Lodovico" and that "Duagium castellum" was returned to "Arnoldo" in 941 but that "Arnoldum cum Landrico fratre ipsius" were later expelled from the castle by the king[786].

Chapter 7. COMTES de MONTREUIL

1. HELGAUD, son of --- (-[866]). Abbé de Saint-Riquier. The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "le comte Helgaud" succeeded "Rodolphe…du sang imperial" as lay abbot of Saint-Riquier and that he was succeeded by "Guelfon…du sang royal"[787]. "Rodolphe" is identified with Rudolf Comte de Sens, brother of Empress Judith, who died in 866, and "Guelfon" as Rudolf's son. This casts doubt on the chronology of this passage as, if the relationship between Rudolf and Welf is correctly identified, it is likely that the son succeeded the father as lay abbot as such a post was often hereditary. same person as…? HELGAUD (-after 879). Flodoard records "terra filiorum Balduini, Rodulfi quoque de Gangeio atque Hilgaudi" in 925[788]. Comte de Montreuil 877-879. It is probable that Helgaud, abbé de Saint-Riquier, and his son Herluin are in fact the same people as Helgaud Comte de Montreuil 877-79 and his son Herluin who died in 945, and that the Chronique de Saint-Riquier is inaccurate in its chronology relating to the supposedly earlier father and son of these names. m ---. The name of Helgaud's wife is not known. Helgaud & his wife had one child:

a) HERLUIN (-killed in battle 13 Jul 945). Flodoard names "Monasteriolum castellum Erluini filii Hilgaudi comitis" when recording that Montreuil was besieged by "Heribertus et Hugo"[789]. The Chronique de Saint Riquier names "Herluin…comte" as son of "le comte Helgaud" lay abbot of Saint-Riquier[790]. As noted above, it is possible that Helgaud and his son Herluin are in fact the same people as Helgaud Comte de Montreuil 877-79 and his son Herluin who died in 945 (see below), and that the Chronique de Saint-Riquier is inaccurate in its chronology relating to the supposedly earlier father and son of these names. Comte de Montreuil. Arnoul Count of Flanders captured Montreuil in 939. Guillaume de Jumièges records that Guillaume I Comte [de Normandie] returned the castle of Montreuil to comte Herluin after he had been expelled by Arnoul Count of Flanders[791]. Comte d'Amiens 944/45. He was killed fighting the Normans. The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum records the death of "Herluinus Monasterioli castro comes" fighting "Aygroldo regi Danorum"[792]. Guillaume de Jumièges records that Herluin was killed by a Danish follower of "King Herold [of Denmark]"[793]. m firstly (divorced before 927) ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly (before 927) ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. 939. Comte Herluin & his second wife had [two or more] children:

i) sons. 939.

ii) ROGER . Flodoard names "Rotgarii filii Erluini" when recording that Arnoul Count of Flanders besieged the castle of Montreuil in 943[794]. Comte de Montreuil 948/57. m ---. The name of Roger's wife is not known. Roger & his wife had one child:

(a) HUGUES (-961, bur Saint-Rémy). Flodoard names "Huggo filius Totgarii quondam comitis, adolescens" when recording his death in 961 and burial place[795].

b) ERARD . Flodoard names "Ebrardum fratrem Erluini" when recording that his castle of Ham was captured in 932 by "Heribertus comes"[796]. Seigneur du château de Ham (Picardie).

c) LAMBERT (-killed in battle after 945). Guillaume de Jumièges names "Lambert frère de [Herluin]", recording that he was killed while trying to avenge the death of his brother[797].

1. HUGUES, son of --- (-4 Jul [1000]). Kerrebrouck[798] says there is no proof that Hugues was the son of Hilduin Comte de Montreuil (see above), and that he could have been a member of the family of Enguerrand, one of whom was abbé de Saint-Riquier at the beginning of the 11th century. The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that Hugues "Capet" King of France granted the château d'Abbeville "à un chevalier nommé Hugues" and also confiscated "Forest-Moutier" from the abbey of Saint-Riquier and granted it to him, recording in a later passage that Hugues bore the title "avoué" not comte[799]. These territories became the foundation of the county of Ponthieu. m (before 987) GISELE de France, daughter of HUGUES Duc des Francs [later HUGUES "Capet" King of France] & his wife Adelais [d'Aquitaine] ([[969][800]-). The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that Hugues "Capet" King of France granted the château d'Abbeville "à un chevalier nommé Hugues" who had married the king's daughter "Gisèle"[801]. Hugues & his wife had two children:

a) ENGUERRAND (-1045, bur Saint-Riquier). The Chronique de Saint Riquier names "Angelran" as son of Hugues, commenting that he contented himself with the title avoué until his marriage when he adopted the title comte[802]. Avoué de Saint-Riquier. He defeated Gilbert Comte de Brionne who had invaded Le Vimeu[803]. The Chronique de Saint Riquier records the death in 1045 of "seigneur Angelran" and his burial at Saint-Riquier[804]. [m firstly ---. If the date attributed to Enguerrand's marriage to Aleida is correct as shown below, it is chronologically implausible for her to have been the mother of Enguerrand's sons. This is because Enguerrand's grandson, Enguerrand, must have married in [1045/50] (see below). This earlier marriage is therefore almost inevitably correct, although no direct reference which confirms this has yet been found in primary sources.] m [secondly] ([after 1033]) as her second husband, ALEIDA [van Westfriesland], widow of BAUDOUIN Comte de Boulogne, daughter of [ARNULF Graaf van Westfriesland [Holland] & his wife Liutgard de Luxembourg]. The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Angelran" killed "le comte de Boulogne" in battle and married his widow "Adelvie…qui était de l'origine la plus illustre", after which he adopted the title comte[805]. She is named as the possible daughter of Arnulf, and her two marriages shown, in Europäische Stammtafeln[806] but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. Enguerrand & his [first] wife had three children:

i) HUGUES (-killed 20 Nov 1052, bur Saint-Riquier). The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "son fils Hugues" succeeded after the death of "Angelran"[807].

- see below.

ii) GUY (-1074). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Archdeacon of Notre-Dame. Bishop of Amiens 1058-1074. He was the probable author of the poem Carmen, written in [1067], which commemorates the campaign of Guillaume II Duke of Normandy to conquer England[808].

iii) FOULQUES (-after 1059). The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Foulques…fils d'Angelran" usurped the abbacy of Saint-Riquier[809]. Abbé de Saint-Riquier 1042. Abbé de Forestmoutier 1045.

b) GUY . The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Gui…frère de Seigneur Angelran" was named abbé of Saint-Riquier[810].

HUGUES [de Ponthieu], son of ENGUERRAND Comte [de Ponthieu] & his wife Aleida [van Westfriesland] (-killed 20 Nov 1052, bur Saint-Riquier). The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "son fils Hugues" succeeded after the death of "Angelran"[811]. He fought at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 according to the poem Carmen, attributed to his uncle Guy Bishop of Amiens, although the date is inconsistent with his date of death shown here. Comte de Montreuil.

m BERTHE d'Aumâle, daughter of GUERINFRID Sire d'Aumâle & his wife ---. The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy narrates the church´s foundation by “Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla” and names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum”[812].

Comte Hugues & his wife had five children:

1. ENGUERRAND (-killed in battle Château d'Arques 25 Oct 1053). The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Hugues" had four sons of whom the eldest "Angelran" confirmed a donation of his father to Saint-Riquier on his deathbed by charter dated "XII Kal Dec"[813]. The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum”[814]. Comte de Montreuil. Sire d'Aumâle. Guillaume de Poitou records that "Ingelrannus Pontivi comitis" was killed in the battle at Château d´Arques, dated to 1053[815]. m as her first husband, ADELAIS de Normandie, illegitimate daughter of ROBERT II "le Diable" Duke of Normandy & his mistress --- (-[1081/86]). Robert de Torigny names "Aeliz" as the daughter of Duke Robert II "de alia concubina" from Herleve[816]. The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum”[817]. She retained the title Comtesse d'Aumâle after her first marriage. She married secondly ([1053/54]) Lambert de Boulogne Comte de Lens, and thirdly ([1060]) Eudes III Comte de Troyes [Blois-Champagne], who succeeded as Comte d'Aumâle in [1070]. Her second marriage is deduced from the same charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy which also names “Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia”[818]. Orderic Vitalis calls her "the king's sister" when referring to her marriage to Eudes[819]. Comte Enguerrand & his wife had three children:

a) GUY [I] de Montreuil (-13 Nov [1100], bur Abbéville, Saint-Pierre). A charter dated 1100 included in the cartulary of Saint-Josse records a grant of fishing rights by "Guido comes Monsteroli et Pontivensium" which names "Hugo noster avus" and "patre meo Ingerrano"[820]. This is inconsistent with the Chronique de Saint Riquier which records that "comte Gui fils du comte Hugues" succeeded after "Angelran son frère" was killed by the Normans and possessed the county of Ponthieu and the avouerie of Saint-Riquier[821]. It is assumed that the charter provides the more reliable record of Guy's parentage. Comte de Montreuil. Comte de Ponthieu.

- COMTES de PONTHIEU.

b) ADELAIDE de Montreuil . The foundation charter of Saint-Martin d´Auchy narrates the church´s foundation by “Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla” and names “Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum” and “Addelidis comitissa supradicti Engueranni et supradicte Adelidis filia…Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia”[822]. 1098.

c) HELISSENDE de Montreuil . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. 1096. "Comes Hugo de Sancto Paulo" donated property to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "uxoris sue Helisendis filiorumque suorum Ingelranni et Hugonis" by charter dated 17 Jun 1095[823]. m (before 1091) HUGUES [II] Comte de Saint-Pol, son of --- (-before [1118/19]).

2. ROBERT . The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Hugues" had four sons of whom the eldest was "Angelran" but does not name the three others[824].

3. son . The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Hugues" had four sons of whom the eldest was "Angelran" but does not name the three others[825].

4. son . The Chronique de Saint Riquier records that "Hugues" had four sons of whom the eldest was "Angelran" but does not name the three others[826]. same person as…? GALERAN (-killed in battle Mortemer 1054).

5. daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m GUILLAUME de Normandie Comte d'Arques, son of RICHARD II "le Bon/l'Irascible" Duke of Normandy & his third wife Papia [Poppa] [d'Envermeu] (-1054).

Chapter 8. COMTES d'OSTREVANT

The county of Ostrevant originally formed part of the pagus Atrebatensis. It was bound to the north by the river Scarpe, and to the east and south by the rivers Escaut and Sensée[827]. It lay east of Douai and west of Valenciennes, within the territory of the west Frankish kingdom. It is not known who governed the county after the death of Raoul [II] in 944 until the late 11th century when it was held by the seigneurs de Ribemont, who were also châtelains de Valenciennes (see HAINAUT).

1. HUCBALD, son of --- (-after 890). Comte [d'Ostrevant]. m as her first husband, HEILWIG [of Friulia], daughter of EBERHARD Duke of the March of Friulia [Unruochingi] & his wife Gisela [Carolingian]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. This marriage is confirmed by the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which names "Hucbaldus de Hainacq" as "huius [=abbas Rodulfus] sororius"[828]. It appears to be corroborated by a later passage in the same source which records that "comes Rodulfus" (referring to Heilwig's grandson) was "nepos…ex sorore" of Louis IV King of France[829]. It appears chronologically unlikely for any of King Louis's sisters, whose dates of birth can be estimated to [908/17], to have been the mother of Raoul [II] who was killed in battle in 944, presumably when he was already adult. It appears more likely that the family relationship was one generation further back, and that a member of the Unruochingi family, descended from the sister of Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks and who originated in the same area in northern France, would provide a good match. Nevertheless, the earlier primary source on which Alberic based his information has not yet been identified and it is possible that the source is inaccurate in its report. She maybe married secondly (after 890) Roger [I] Comte de Laon. Her second marriage is shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[830] but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified. Another table in Europäische Stammtafeln only names the wife of Comte Roger as "Helvide" but does not give her origin[831]. Comte Hucbald & his wife had one child:

a) RAOUL [I] (-926). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. Flodoard records that Hugues "le Grand" excluded "terra filiorum Balduini, Rodulfi quoque de Gaugeio atque Hilgaudi" from a treaty made with the Normans in 925[832], which may refer to this Raoul. Vanderkindere suggests that "Gaugeium" was Gouy-sous-Bellone, in the area of Ostrevant, not Gouy-en-Arrouaise which is near Cambrai[833]. Flodoard records the death of "Rodulfus comes, filius Heilwidis" and "non multo post etiam Rotgarius, vitricus eius, comes Laudunensis pagi" in 926[834]. m ---. The identity of the wife of Raoul [I] is uncertain. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "comes Rodulfus" (referring to Raoul [II]) was "nepos…ex sorore" of Louis IV King of France[835]. It appears chronologically unlikely for any of King Louis's sisters, whose dates of birth can be estimated to [908/17], to have been the mother of Raoul [II] who was killed in battle in 944, presumably when he was already adult. It appears more likely that the family relationship was one generation further back, and that a member of the Unruochingi family, descended from the sister of Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks and who originated in the same area in northern France, would provide a good match. Nevertheless, the earlier primary source on which Alberic based his information has not yet been identified and it is possible that the source is inaccurate in its report. However, the poem Raoul de Cambrai states that "Raoul Taillefer" married "Aalais", sister of King Louis IV[836] which, if correct, would mean that his wife could be identified with Adelais, daughter of Charles III "le Simple" King of the West Franks & his first wife Frederuna ([908/16]-). This would mean that Raoul [II] was an infant when his father died (in fact the poem suggests that he was born posthumously). It would also mean that Raoul [I] and his wife were closely related, as the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines also implies that Raoul's mother was the daughter of Adelais's paternal great aunt Gisela who married Eberhard, ancestor of the Marchesi of Friulia (see above). The poem Raoul de Cambrai cannot claim to be historically accurate. Nevertheless, it is not impossible that the detail of Raoul's marriage was not fabricated. Comte Raoul [I] & his wife had [two] children:

i) RAOUL [II] (-killed in battle 944). Flodoard records that "Rodulfum filium Rodulfi de Gaugliaco" attempted to invade Vermandois in 943, during the course of which he was killed[837]. Comte de Valois, d'Amiens et du Vexin. He built the fortress of Crépy before 943. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "Radulfum Cameracensem comitem" invaded Vermandois, adding that he was "nepos…ex sorore" of Louis IV King of France[838], although the earlier source on which this last piece of information is based has not yet been identified. The History of Waulsort monastery records that "Cameracensis comes Rodulfus…regalis consanguinitatis" invaded the territory of "quatuor Heriberti filios" with the consent of "rege Francorum…avunculo suo" but was expulsed[839], but this confuses Raoul [II] with Raoul, son of Baudouin I Count of Flanders. m as her first husband, LIEGARDIS Ctss de Meulan et de Mantes, daughter of --- (-12 Nov [990/91]). "Liutgarde veuve du comte Raoul" donated property to Saint-Cyr de Nevers by charter dated Oct 947[840]. She married (after Oct 947) secondly Galeran Comte de Meulan. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified.

ii) [GAUTHIER [I] (-987). Edouard de Saint-Phalle suggests that Gauthier [I] Comte d'Amiens, de Valois et du Vexin was the second son of Raoul [I][841].]

- COMTES de VALOIS.]

2. [sister . Flodoard names "domnus Heriveus" as "nepos ex sorore Hucbaldi comitis" when recording his appointment as Archbishop of Reims[842], although it is not known with certainty that this refers to Hucbald Comte d'Ostervant. m ---.]

- SEIGNEURS de CHÂTILLON-sur-MARNE.

Chapter 9. COMTES de PONTHIEU

The area around Ponthieu, which extended approximately from the river Canche in the north to the river Somme in the south, was conquered by Arnoul I Count of Flanders in [940]. It developed into a separate county in the early 11th century, based around territory which was granted by Hugues "Capet" King of France to Hugues, avocat de Saint-Riquier, who had married the king's daughter some time in the 980s. The counts were vassals of the Capetian kings. The county was inherited by the Norman family of Bellême/Montgommery in the late 11th century, and by the family of the counts of Dammartin in the early 1220s. A disputed inheritance resulted in the county passing into English control in 1281.

A. COMTES de PONTHIEU

GUY de Montreuil, son of ENGUERRAND Comte de Montreuil & his wife Adelais de Normandie (-13 Nov [1100], bur Abbéville, Saint-Pierre). A charter dated 1100 included in the cartulary of Saint-Josse records a grant of fishing rights by "Guido comes Monsteroli et Pontivensium" which names "Hugo noster avus" and "patre meo Ingerrano"[843]. This is inconsistent with the Chronique de Saint Riquier which records that "comte Gui fils du comte Hugues" succeeded after "Angelran son frère" was killed by the Normans and possessed the county of Ponthieu and the avouerie of Saint-Riquier[844]. It is assumed that the charter provides the more reliable record of Guy's parentage. Comte de Montreuil. Comte de Ponthieu. Orderic Vitalis records that Guy fought with "Ralph Comte de Montdidier", in support of Henri I King of France, in Feb 1054, was captured by Guillaume II Duke of Normandy and kept prisoner for 2 years until he paid homage to the duke[845]. "Pontivensium comes Wido" donated property to Compiègne Saint-Corneille, confirmed by "Anne comitisse nostre filie", by charter dated to [1067 or after][846]. A charter dated 1100 records the foundation of the priory of St-Pierre d´Abbeville by "Guy comte de Ponthieu et Adèle sa femme", sealed by "Guy comte, de Agnèz sa fille, de Mahaut sa fille…"[847]. "Wido…Pontivi regionis comes" issued a charter dated 1101 relating to the church of Montreuil witnessed by "Agnetis mee filie, Hugonis filii Ramelini cum Ade sue conjugis, Widonis filii Hermenfredi, Simonis Rogeronis filii, Godefridi vicecomitis…Wascelini tunc temporis vicecomitis Monsteroli et ville Rue…"[848].

m firstly ADA, daughter of --- (-5 Mar before 1066). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

m secondly ADILA [Ada], daughter of ---. "Wido comes Pontivensis et uxor eius Adila comitissa" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Martin des Champs for the soul of "filii sui Ingelranni" by charter dated before 1090[849]. A charter dated 1100 records the foundation of the priory of St-Pierre d´Abbeville by "Guy comte de Ponthieu et Adèle sa femme", sealed by "Guy comte, de Agnèz sa fille, de Mahaut sa fille…"[850]. "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "his predecessors…count Guy and Adda his wife…" by charter dated 1127[851].

Comte Guy & his [first] wife had one child:

1. ANNE de Ponthieu (-[after 1067]). "Pontivensium comes Wido" donated property to Compiègne Saint-Corneille, confirmed by "Anne comitisse nostre filie", by charter dated to [1067 or after][852]. The title "comitisse" in this charter suggests that Anne must have been married to a count at that date. [m ---.]

Comte Guy & his [second] wife had four children:

2. ENGUERRAND de Ponthieu (-before [1079/80]). "Wido comes Pontivensis et uxor eius Adila comitissa" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Martin des Champs for the soul of "filii sui Ingelranni" by charter dated before 1090[853].

3. AGNES de Ponthieu (-after 6 Oct 1100). "Wido…Pontivi regionis comes" issued a charter dated 1101 relating to the church of Montreuil witnessed by "Agnetis mee filie…"[854]. This marriage was arranged by William II King of England, according to Orderic Vitalis, who also specifies her father's name[855]. A charter dated 1100 records the foundation of the priory of St-Pierre d´Abbeville by "Guy comte de Ponthieu et Adèle sa femme", sealed by "Guy comte, de Agnèz sa fille, de Mahaut sa fille…"[856]. She was treated cruelly by her husband and imprisoned in the castle of Bellême, from where she escaped, took refuge with Adela Ctss de Blois, and retired to Ponthieu. m (before 9 Sep 1087) ROBERT de Montgommery, son of ROGER [II] de Montgommery Sire d'Alençon, Earl of Shropshire and Shrewsbury & his wife Mabile d'Alençon ([1052/56]-[Wareham Castle] 8 May [1131 or later], bur [Wareham Castle]). Comte de Bellême 1101. Sire d'Alençon.

- see below, Part B. COMTES de PONTHIEU (BELLEME).

4. IDA de Ponthieu . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess of Sainte-Austreberte at Montreuil.

5. MATHILDE de Ponthieu . A charter dated 1100 records the foundation of the priory of St-Pierre d´Abbeville by "Guy comte de Ponthieu et Adèle sa femme", sealed by "Guy comte, de Agnèz sa fille, de Mahaut sa fille…"[857].

B. COMTES de PONTHIEU (BELLÊME-MONTGOMMERY)

ROBERT de Montgommery "de Bellême", son of ROGER [II] de Montgommery Earl of Shrewsbury & his first wife Mabile d'Alençon ([1052/56]-[Wareham Castle] 8 May [after 1129], bur [Wareham Castle]). He witnessed a charter for Saint Martin de Sées with his brother Roger, and a charter for Saint Aubin of Angers in [1060/62] without Roger[858], suggesting that the latter had died by then. He succeeded his mother in 1079 as Sire de Bellême et d'Alençon. He rebelled against William II King of England in 1088, crossed to England but was besieged at Rochester Castle and in Jun 1088 forced to surrender[859]. "Rotbertus de Belismo filius Rotgerii comitis et Mabilie" donated the church of Saint-Léonard de Bellême, built by "Willelmus attavus Rotberti", to Marmoutier, with the consent of "fratres ipsius Rotberti, Hugo, Rotgerius, Arnulfus", by charter dated 1092[860]. He succeeded his father in 1094 in all his possessions in Normandy. He succeeded his younger brother in 1098 as Earl of Shrewsbury after a payment of £3000[861]. He succeeded his father-in-law in Oct 1100 as Comte de Ponthieu. He rebelled against Henry I King of England in 1102, was deprived of all his honours and estates in England, and retired to Normandy. The Annals of Margan record that “Robertus comes de Belesmo” was expelled from England in 1102 “cum fratre suo Arnulfo”[862]. He was arrested in 1112, imprisoned at Cherbourg and all his lands and honours were forfeited. He was imprisoned at Wareham Castle, Dorset from Jul 1113[863]. The Annals of Margan record the death “Kal Mai” in 1118 of “Robertus comes de Belesme”[864]. The 1130 Pipe Roll records payments made "in libatione Robti de Belismo" in Dorsetshire, Wiltshire[865]. This suggests a pension or maintenance in some form, although it is not certain that it relates to Robert de Montgommery Earl of Shrewsbury.

m (before 9 Sep 1087) AGNES de Ponthieu, daughter of GUY [I] Comte de Ponthieu & his wife Ada --- (-after 6 Oct 1100). She was treated cruelly by her husband and imprisoned in the castle of Bellême, from where she escaped, took refuge with Adela Ctss de Blois, and retired to Ponthieu[866]. "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "… his father Robert de Belesmo and his mother Agnes…" by charter dated 1127[867].

Comte Robert & his wife had three children:

1. GUILLAUME [I] "Talvas" (-30 Jun 1171). His parentage is given by Orderic Vitalis[868]. Comte de Ponthieu.

- see below.

2. ANDRE . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte by charter dated 1127, subscribed by "…Andrea fratre comitis"[869].

3. MABILE . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

GUILLAUME [I] "Talvas" de Ponthieu, son of ROBERT de Montgommery "de Bellême" Sire d'Alençon, Comte de Ponthieu, Earl of Shrewsbury & his wife Agnès de Ponthieu (-30 Jun 1171). His parentage is given by Orderic Vitalis[870]. He succeeded his father [4 Mar 1106/1110][871] as Comte de Ponthieu. "Wilelmus comes Pontivi" confirmed the donation of the church of Saint-Léonard de Bellême to Marmoutier by charter dated to [1112/14][872]. Henry I King of England restored Comte Guillaume to his father's lands in Normandy in Jun 1119[873]. He resigned Ponthieu in [1126] in favour of his son Guy. "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "his predecessors earl Roger and Mabel his wife, count Guy and Adda his wife, his father Robert de Belesmo and his mother Agnes and…Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[874]. Robert of Torigny records that Henry II King of England granted "castrum Alenceium et Rocam Mabiriæ" to "Willermus Talavacius comes Sagiensis et filius eius Johannes et iterum Johannes nepos eius filius Guidonis primogeniti sui comitis Pontivi" in 1166[875]. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1171 of "Guillermus Talavercius comes Pontivi" and the succession of "Johannes nepos suus…ex Guidone primogenito suo"[876]. The Obituaire of Saint-Martin de Séez records the death 30 Jun of "Guillelmus Pontivorum comes"[877]. The necrology of the monastery of Ouche records the death "30 Jun" of "Willelmus comes Talevat"[878].

[m firstly ---. The name of Guillaume´s supposed first wife is not known. This first marriage is strongly suggested by the marriage date of Guillaume´s daughter Clémence. She is named in Jul 1128 with her son "Gaufrido primogenito" (see below). The addition of the word "primogenito" suggests that there was at least one other younger child at that date. This would place her marriage in late 1125 at the very latest. It is extremely unlikely, therefore, that she could have born from Guillaume´s marriage to Hélie de Bourgogne, the death of whose first husband is recorded in late Apr 1112. The other indication is the unlikelihood that Hélie de Bourgogne could have had eleven children by her second husband, considering her own estimated birth date.]

m [secondly] ([late 1112/1115]) as her second husband, HELIE de Bourgogne, widow of BERTRAND de Toulouse Count of Tripoli, daughter of EUDES I Duke of Burgundy [Capet] & his wife Sibylle de Bourgogne [Comté] ([1080]-28 Feb 1141). She is named by Orderic Vitalis, who also records her parentage, her two marriages and the names of her eldest sons by each marriage[879]. "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "…Ela his wife…" by charter dated 1127[880]. "Guido comes Pontivi" donated property to Cîteaux with the consent of "pater eius Willelmus comes…et mater eius Hela" by charter dated 18 Dec 1139[881]. "Wido comes Pontivii" confirmed freedoms over his lands, with the consent of "patris mei Willermi et domine Ele matris mee, fratris mei Johannis et uxoris mee Ide et filii mei Johannis" by undated charter[882].

Comte Guillaume [I] & his [first] wife had [two] children:

1. CLEMENCE de Ponthieu (-30 Nov before 1189). Guillaume de Jumièges records that an unnamed daughter of Guillaume Talvas married "Joel fils de Gauthier de Mayenne"[883]. "Juhello principe Meduane et uxore eius Clementia et filio eorum Gaufrido primogenito" subscribed a charter dated 12 and 26 Jul 1128, under which property was restored to the abbey of Mont-Saint-Michel[884]. m (before [1126]) JUHEL Sire de Mayenne, son of GAUTHIER Seigneur de Mayenne & his wife Aline --- (-23 Dec 1161, bur Evroux).

2. MABILE de Ponthieu . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[885]. If this translation is accurate, the wording suggests that Mabile was not the daughter of Guillaume´s known wife Hélie.

3. PHILIPPA de Ponthieu (-before 1149, bur Abbaye de Saint-Martin de Sées). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. It is suggested that she may have been born from her father´s supposed first marriage only to reduce the number of children attributed to his wife Hélie, whose age suggests that she could not have been the mother of ten children.

Comte Guillaume [I] & his wife had nine children:

4. GUY [II] de Ponthieu (-Ephesus [25 Dec] 1147). His parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis[886]. He succeeded before 1129 as Comte de Ponthieu.

- see below.

5. GUILLAUME de Ponthieu (-after 1166). "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[887]. Comte d'Alençon 1166.

6. ROBERT de Ponthieu . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[888]. 1127.

7. ROBERT de Garennes (-1171 or after). "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[889]. Monk before 1147.

8. GUILLAUME de Ponthieu . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[890].

9. ENGUERRAND de Ponthieu . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[891].

10. ENGUERRAND de Ponthieu . "Gulielmus comes Pontivorum" donated property to the abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte for the souls of "Ela his wife and of their sons two of them called Robert and two William and two Enguerrand and Mabel his daughter" by charter dated 1127[892].

11. JEAN de Ponthieu (-1191). "Wido comes Pontivii" confirmed freedoms over his lands, with the consent of "patris mei Willermi et domine Ele matris mee, fratris mei Johannis et uxoris mee Ide et filii mei Johannis" by undated charter[893]. He succeeded in 1141 as Comte d'Alençon. Robert of Torigny records that Henry II King of England granted "castrum Alenceium et Rocam Mabiriæ" to "Willermus Talavacius comes Sagiensis et filius eius Johannes et iterum Johannes nepos eius filius Guidonis primogeniti sui comitis Pontivi" in 1166[894]. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1171 of "Guillermus Talavercius comes Pontivi" and the succession of "Johannes comes filius eius" in the lands which he held from the English king "in Normannia et in Cenomannensi pago"[895].

- COMTES d'ALENÇON.

12. ELA de Ponthieu (-10 Oct 1174). Guillaume de Jumièges records that an unnamed daughter of Guillaume Talvas married "Guillaume de Warenne comte de Surrey"[896]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified but, if it is correct, it suggests that she must have been born from Guillaume´s marriage to Hélie de Bourgogne. Her second marriage is confirmed by Robert of Torigny who refers to the wife of "comes Patricius" as "filia Guillermi comitis Pontivi, matre comitisse de Warenna"[897]. m firstly WILLIAM de Warenne Earl of Surrey, son of WILLIAM de Warenne Earl of Surrey & his wife Elisabeth de Vermandois [Capet] ([1119]-killed in battle Laodicea 19 Jan 1148). m secondly (1152 or before) as his second wife, PATRICK Earl of Salisbury, son of WALTER FitzEdward de Salisbury & his wife Maud de Chaources [Chaworth] (-killed in battle Poitou [7 Apr] 1168, bur Poitiers, Abbaye de Saint-Hilaire).

GUY [II] de Ponthieu, son of GUILLAUME [I] "Talvas" Comte de Ponthieu & his wife Hélie de Bourgogne [Capet] (-Ephesus [25 Dec] 1147). His parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis[898]. He succeeded before 1129 as Comte de Ponthieu. "Guido comes Pontivi" donated property to Cîteaux with the consent of "pater eius Willelmus comes…et mater eius Hela" by charter dated 18 Dec 1139, signed by "Guido comes et uxor sua Ida"[899]. He left on crusade in 1146.

m (before 18 Dec 1139) IDA, daughter of --- (-after 1177). "Wido comes Pontivii" confirmed freedoms over his lands, with the consent of "patris mei Willermi et domine Ele matris mee, fratris mei Johannis et uxoris mee Ide et filii mei Johannis" by undated charter[900]. "Guido comes Pontivi" donated property to Cîteaux by charter dated 18 Dec 1139, signed by "Guido comes et uxor sua Ida"[901]. "Jean comte de Ponthieu" founded l´Hôtel-Dieu d´Abbeville by charter dated 1158, witnessed by "Ide comtesse…"[902]. "Johannes comes Pontivi" confirmed rights of the monks of Val, with the consent of "Guidonis fratris mei et Beatricis comitisse uxoris mee", by charter dated 1177, which also names "mater mea Ida comitissa"[903].

Comte Guy [II] & his wife had three children:

1. JEAN [I] de Ponthieu (-Acre 30 Jun 1191). "Wido comes Pontivii" confirmed freedoms over his lands, with the consent of "patris mei Willermi et domine Ele matris mee, fratris mei Johannis et uxoris mee Ide et filii mei Johannis" by undated charter[904]. He succeeded his father as Comte de Ponthieu. "Jean comte de Ponthieu" founded l´Hôtel-Dieu d´Abbeville by charter dated 1158, witnessed by "Ide comtesse…"[905]. Robert of Torigny records that Henry II King of England granted "castrum Alenceium et Rocam Mabiriæ" to "Willermus Talavacius comes Sagiensis et filius eius Johannes et iterum Johannes nepos eius filius Guidonis primogeniti sui comitis Pontivi" in 1166[906]. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1171 of "Guillermus Talavercius comes Pontivi" and the succession of "Johannes nepos suus…ex Guidone primogenitor suo"[907]. "Jean comte de Ponthieu, Guillaume son fils, et Beatrix son épouse" granted revenues to "Baudin et Simon son frère…" by charter dated 1186[908]. m firstly (after 1158) MATHILDE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. 1162. m secondly (after 1162 [repudiated, before 1170]) [as her first husband,] LAURE de Saint-Valéry, daughter of RENAUD de Saint-Valéry & his [second] wife ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Domesday Descendants records that Renaud de Saint-Valéry was the father of "Laura wife first of John count of Ponthieu, by whom she was repudiated, and secondly of Alleaume de Fontaines", but does not cite the corresponding primary sources[909]. [She married secondly Alleaume de Fontaines.] m thirdly (before 4 Dec 1170) BEATRIX de Saint-Pol, daughter of ANSELME "Candavène" Seigneur de Lucheux et de Tarentefirt [later Comte de Saint-Pol] & his first wife --- (-1202 or after). "Johannes comes Pontivi" confirmed rights of the monks of Val, with the consent of "Guidonis fratris mei et Beatricis comitisse uxoris mee", by charter dated 1177, which also names "mater mea Ida comitissa"[910]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Jean comte de Ponthieu, Guillaume son fils, et Beatrix son épouse" granted revenues to "Baudin et Simon son frère…" by charter dated 1186[911]. Comte Jean [I] & his third wife had four children:

a) ADELA de Ponthieu (-after 18 Oct 1241). Letters dated 1178 confirm the marriage of "comes Pontivi filiam suam Edelam" and "Renaldo filio Bernardi de Sancto Walerico", with the right of substitution in case either party died before the marriage[912]. The death of Renaud before the marriage took place is indicated by the charter dated 1205 under which "Thomas de Sancto Walarico" promised service to "fratrem meum et dominum Willelmum comitem Pontivi"[913]. Dame de Saint-Aubin. Her marriage is confirmed by the undated charter under which her husband “Thomas de sancto Walerico” confirmed the donation by "Bernardus bonæ memoriæ pater meus" made to Godstow nunnery in Oxfordshire with the consent of Henry II King of England, for the souls of “Edelæ uxoris meæ et Bernardi patris meæ et Anoræ matris meæ”[914]. Betrothed (contract 1178) to RENAUD de Saint-Valéry, son of BERNARD Seigneur de Saint-Valéry & his wife Anora --- (-[1189/91]). m ([1191/92]) THOMAS de Saint-Valéry, son of BERNARD Seigneur de Saint-Valéry & his wife Anora --- (-before 1220). Seigneur de Saint-Valéry. The agreement between "dominum comitem Pontivi et Monstreoli" and "dominum Thomam de Sancto Waleriaco" is confirmed by charter dated Sep 1209[915]. An agreement dated 1209 between "dominum comitem" and "dominum Thomam de Sancto Walerico" refers to the marriage of the latter to "domine Edle sororis sue" and also names "Bernardus pater suus"[916].

b) GUILLAUME [II] "Talvas" de Ponthieu (after 1178-6 Oct 1221, bur Abbaye de Valloires, Somme). "Jean comte de Ponthieu, Guillaume son fils, et Beatrix son épouse" granted revenues to "Baudin et Simon son frère…" by charter dated 1186[917]. He succeeded his father in 1191 as Comte de Ponthieu.

- see below.

c) MARGUERITE de Ponthieu (-after Aug 1216). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Enguerrand Sgr de Picquigny vidame d´Amiens" donated property to the abbey of Gard, with the consent of "Marguerite sa femme, de ses fils et filles Girard, Renaut, Flandrine, Ide, Marguerite et Marie", by charter dated Aug 1216[918]. m ENGUERRAND de Picquigny Vidame d'Amiens, son of GUERMOND [III] de Picquigny Vidame d´Amiens & his wife Flandrine d´Amiens (-[Jun/Nov] 1224).

d) HELENE de Ponthieu . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m GUILLAUME d'Estoutéville Seigneur d'Estoutemont, son of --- (-before 1210).

2. GUY de Ponthieu (-[1205/Nov 1218]). "Johannes comes Pontivi" confirmed rights of the monks of Val, with the consent of "Guidonis fratris mei et Beatricis comitisse uxoris mee", by charter dated 1177, which also names "mater mea Ida comitissa"[919]. Seigneur de Noyelles. "Will Talevas cuens de Pontieu" granted rights to Crècy, with the consent of "Guyon mon oncle", by charter dated 1194[920]. Teutonic Knight 1205. A charter dated Nov 1218 issued by "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" confirmed grants by "Johannes pater meus" to "Guidoni fratri suo", and names "Johanni filio et heredi dicti Guidonis avunculi mei" and "Willelmus de Maneriis frater minor dicti Johannis"[921].

- SIRES de MAISNIERES, SEIGNEURS de MAINTENAY[922].

3. AGNES de Ponthieu . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Abbess at Montreuil.

GUILLAUME [II] "Talvas" de Ponthieu, son of JEAN [I] Comte de Ponthieu & his third wife (after 1178-6 Oct 1221, bur Abbaye de Valloires, Somme). "Jean comte de Ponthieu, Guillaume son fils, et Beatrix son épouse" granted revenues to "Baudin et Simon son frère…" by charter dated 1186[923]. He succeeded his father in 1191 as Comte de Ponthieu. "Will Talevas cuens de Pontieu" granted rights to Crècy, with the consent of "Guyon mon oncle", by charter dated 1194[924]. He played an important role in the war in Normandy, commanding troops at the battle of Bouvines 1204. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" donated property to the church of Saint Giosse, with the consent of "Marie filie mee et Aelis uxoris mee", by charter dated 1205[925]. "Guilelmus comes Pontivi et Monstrolii" donated property to Saint-Maurice d´Agaune, for the souls of "Alaidis uxoris meæ et Mariæ filiæ meæ", by charter dated Mar 1210[926]. He was part of the army brought together at Lyon in Apr 1215 to march against the Albigeois. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monsteroli" confirmed rights granted to the abbey of Balances by "Johannes comes Pontivi pater meus" by charter dated 1214[927]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" confirmed property rights of the church of Saint-Valéry granted by "Johannis comitis Pontivi patris mei et Beatricis matris mee et mea" by charter dated Mar 1215[928].

m (contract Mantes, Yvelines 20 Aug 1195) ALIX de France, daughter of LOUIS VII King of France & his [second wife Infanta doña Constanza de Castilla] ([4 Oct] 1160-after Jan 1213). Robert of Torigny records the death in 1160 of "Constantia regina Franciæ" while giving birth to a daughter[929]. She is named Adelaide by Kerrebrouck[930], but he cites no primary source on which this is based. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "reginam Margaretam Anglie et comitissam Aaliz" as children of King Louis VII & his second wife, specifying that Alix married "Guilelmus comes de Pontivo"[931]. The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Adelodis" as the daughter of "Ludovico Regi Francorum" and his wife "Elisabeth" (error for Constantia), specifying that she married "Comitis de Pontivo"[932]. There is some confusion between this daughter and King Louis VII's supposed daughter Alix by his third wife. Roger of Hoveden records that the betrothal of King Louis's daughter to Richard of England was first proposed in 1161, when Richard's older brother Henry was betrothed to her sister Marguerite[933]. Chronologically, this can only refer to the king's daughter by his second marriage. This appears to be confirmed by the Chronicle of Gervase which records the betrothal in 1169 of "Ricardus…filius regis Anglæ" and "filiam regis Franciæ quam habuit de filia regis Hispanorum"[934]. Ctss de Bourges 1174, as her dowry. Benedict of Peterborough records the betrothal "XI Kal Oct 1177" of "rex Anglie…Ricardus comes Pictaviæ filius eius" and "regi Franciæ…filiam" as part of the peace agreement between the two kings[935]. It is assumed that this refers to the same daughter, although the primary source which confirms this beyond doubt has not yet been identified. If this is correct, she was presumably the same daughter who later married the Comte de Ponthieu. Until further information comes to light, it is assumed that Alix/Adelaide who was betrothed to Richard, and who later married the Comte de Ponthieu, was the daughter who was born in 1160, and that King Louis had no daughter of this name by his third marriage. Alix was brought up in England after her betrothal. Benedict of Peterborough records that the betrothal of "Alesia soror eius [Philippi regis Franciæ]" and Richard was renewed in 1189, commenting that the king of England "in custodia habet"[936]. Richard refused the marriage after his accession to the throne. Kerrebrouck states that King Richard arranged her betrothal to his younger brother John in early 1193[937], but the primary source which confirms this has not yet been identified. She returned to France in Aug 1195. Ctss d'Eu, Dame d’Arques in 1195, as her dowry for her marriage. "Willelmus comes Pontivi" granted rights to the commune of Marquienneterre, with the consent of "uxoris mee Aalidis filie Ludovici regis Francie", by charter dated 1199[938]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" donated property to the church of Saint Giosse, with the consent of "Marie filie mee et Aelis uxoris mee", by charter dated 1205[939]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli…et Aalais uxor mea comitissa Pontivi et Maria filia mea" granted concessions by charter dated 1207[940]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis, uxoris mee Ludovici regis filie et Marie filie mee", by charter dated Aug 1208[941]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to the commune of Maioc, with the consent of "Aalis, uxoris mee et Symonis de Bolonia, generis mei, et Marie filie mee, uxoris eius", by charter dated 1209[942]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to the nuns of Moreaucourt, for his soul and that of "Aelidis, uxoris mee, filie Ludovici regis Francie", by charter dated Dec 1209[943]. "Guilelmus comes Pontivi et Monstrolii" donated property to Saint-Maurice d´Agaune, for the souls of "Alaidis uxoris meæ et Mariæ filiæ meæ", by charter dated Mar 1210[944]. "Willaume comte de Pontieu et de Montreuil" agreed a concession made by one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis sa femme et de Marie leur fille" by charter dated Nov 1211[945]. A charter dated Jan 1213 (New Style) confirms a grant of rights to the church of Sainte-Marie at Clairvaux by "Willelmus…Pontivi et Monstreoli comes et Aalis, uxor eius, filia pii regis Ludovici" agreed a concession made by one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis sa femme et de Marie leur fille"[946]. A charter dated Mar 1215 under which "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" confirmed property rights of the church of Saint-Valéry granted by "Johannis comitis Pontivi patris mei et Beatricis matris mee et mea"[947].

Comte Guillaume [II] & his wife had [two] children:

1. MARIE de Ponthieu (before 17 Apr 1199-Sep 1250). The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Mariam…mater Joannæ Reginæ Castellæ et Legionis" as the daughter of "Comitis de Pontivo" and his wife "Adelodis" daughter of "Ludovico Regi Francorum" (and his wife "Elisabeth", an error for Constanza)[948]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" donated property to the church of Saint Giosse, with the consent of "Marie filie mee et Aelis uxoris mee", by charter dated 1205[949]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli…et Aalais uxor mea comitissa Pontivi et Maria filia mea" granted concessions by charter dated 1207[950]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis, uxoris mee Ludovici regis filie et Marie filie mee", by charter dated Aug 1208[951]. "Renaldus comes Bolonie" confirmed the marriage contract between "Guillelmum comitem Pontivi et Mariam eiusdem comitis filiam" and "Simonem fratrem meum" by charter dated Sep 1208[952]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to the commune of Maioc, with the consent of "Aalis, uxoris mee et Symonis de Bolonia, generis mei, et Marie filie mee, uxoris eius", by charter dated 1209[953]. "Guilelmus comes Pontivi et Monstrolii" donated property to Saint-Maurice d´Agaune, for the souls of "Alaidis uxoris meæ et Mariæ filiæ meæ", by charter dated Mar 1210[954]. "Willaume comte de Pontieu et de Montreuil" agreed a concession made by one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis sa femme et de Marie leur fille" by charter dated Nov 1211[955]. She succeeded her father in 1221 as Ctss de Ponthieu. Louis VIII King of France confirms an agreement with "consanguinea nostra Maria comitissa Pontivi" related to rights of her "filios et filios quos susceperat a Simone fratre comitis Renaldi Bolonie" by charter dated 1225[956]. "Symon comes Pontivi et Monsteroli et Maria uxor mea" confirmed a donation of property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp by "Johannes comes Pontivi" by charter dated 2 Mar 1230[957]. "Maria comitissa Pontivi et Monstreoli" donated property to the church of Boulogne in memory of "Symon comes Pontivi et Monstreoli…maritus meus" by charter dated Oct 1239[958]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified, although it is suggested by the charter dated Sep 1242 under which "Matheus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli et Maria uxor eius, comitissa" noted property sales[959]. m firstly (contract Sep 1208) SIMON de Dammartin Comte d'Aumâle, son of AUBRY [II] Comte de Dammartin & his wife Mathilde [Mabile] de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (-21 Sep 1239). m secondly ([Sep 1240/15 Dec 1241]) MATHIEU de Montmorency Seigneur d'Attichy, son of --- (-killed in battle Mansurah 8 Feb 1250).

2. [JEAN de Ponthieu (1199-killed in battle 1214). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. His absence from his father's charters dated 1205 to 1211 (see above), in which his sister Marie is named, casts doubt on his existence or at least the accuracy of the dates shown here.]

C. COMTES de PONTHIEU (DAMMARTIN)

SIMON de Dammartin, son of AUBRY [II] Comte de Dammartin & his wife Mathilde [Mabile] de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (-21 Sep 1239). The Chronicon Andrensis names "comes Bolonie Reinaldus et Simon frater eius", specifying that Simon married "filiam comitis Pontivi unicam"[960]. Comte d'Aumâle 1205/11. "Renaldus comes Bolonie" confirmed the marriage contract between "Guillelmum comitem Pontivi et Mariam eiusdem comitis filiam" and "Simonem fratrem meum" by charter dated Sep 1208[961]. Comte de Ponthieu et de Montreuil 1231. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the death in 1239 of "comes de Pontivo Symon"[962].

m (contract Sep 1208) MARIE de Ponthieu, daughter of GUILLAUME [II] "Talvas" Comte de Ponthieu & his wife Alix de France (before 17 Apr 1199-Sep 1250). The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Mariam…mater Joannæ Reginæ Castellæ et Legionis" as the daughter of "Comitis de Pontivo" and his wife "Adelodis" daughter of "Ludovico Regi Francorum" (and his wife "Elisabeth", an error for Constanza [963]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" donated property to the church of Saint Giosse, with the consent of "Marie filie mee et Aelis uxoris mee", by charter dated 1205[964]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli…et Aalais uxor mea comitissa Pontivi et Maria filia mea" granted concessions by charter dated 1207[965]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis, uxoris mee Ludovici regis filie et Marie filie mee", by charter dated Aug 1208[966]. "Renaldus comes Bolonie" confirmed the marriage contract between "Guillelmum comitem Pontivi et Mariam eiusdem comitis filiam" and "Simonem fratrem meum" by charter dated Sep 1208[967]. "Willelmus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli" granted rights to the commune of Maioc, with the consent of "Aalis, uxoris mee et Symonis de Bolonia, generis mei, et Marie filie mee, uxoris eius", by charter dated 1209[968]. "Guilelmus comes Pontivi et Monstrolii" donated property to Saint-Maurice d´Agaune, for the souls of "Alaidis uxoris meæ et Mariæ filiæ meæ", by charter dated Mar 1210[969]. "Willaume comte de Pontieu et de Montreuil" agreed a concession made by one of his vassals, with the consent of "Aalis sa femme et de Marie leur fille" by charter dated Nov 1211[970]. She succeeded her father in 1221 as Ctss de Ponthieu. Louis VIII King of France confirms an agreement with "consanguinea nostra Maria comitissa Pontivi" related to rights of her "filios et filios quos susceperat a Simone fratre comitis Renaldi Bolonie" by charter dated 1225[971]. "Symon comes Pontivi et Monsteroli et Maria uxor mea" confirmed a donation of property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp by "Johannes comes Pontivi" by charter dated 2 Mar 1230[972]. "Maria comitissa Pontivi et Monstreoli" donated property to the church of Boulogne in memory of "Symon comes Pontivi et Monstreoli…maritus meus" by charter dated Oct 1239[973]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified, although it is suggested by the charter dated Sep 1242 under which "Matheus comes Pontivi et Monstreoli et Maria uxor eius, comitissa" noted property sales[974]. She married secondly ([Sep 1240/15 Dec 1241]) Mathieu de Montmorency Seigneur d'Attichy.

Comte Simon & his wife had four children:

1. JEANNE de Dammartin ([1220]-Abbeville 16 Mar 1279, bur monastery of Valoires). The De Rebus Hispaniæ of Rodericus Ximenes names "Mariam…mater Joannæ Reginæ Castellæ et Legionis" as the daughter of "Comitis de Pontivo" and his wife "Adelodis" daughter of "Ludovico Regi Francorum" (and his wife "Elisabeth", an error for Constanza)[975]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to, but does not name, the four daughters of "comes de Pontivo Symon" (in order) as the wives of "rex Castelle de Hispanie Fernandus…maiorem filius vicecomitis de Castro Araudi…comitis de Augo…comes de Roceio"[976]. The contract of marriage between "Ferrandi…regis Castelle et Toleti, Legionis et Galicie" and "donna Johanna…socero nostro…comite Pontivi" is noted in a charter dated Jan 1238 (New Style) issued by Louis IX King of France, which also refers to the king of Castile's letter dated 31 Oct 1237[977]. She succeeded her father as Ctss d‘Aumâle in 1239. She succeeded her mother in 1251 as Ctss de Ponthieu. She returned to France as a widow in 1253[978]. "Jehans de Neele cuens de Pontieu de Monsteruel et d´Aubemarle" appointed "la noble dame Jehane…roine de Castele et de Lyon contesse de Pontieu nostre…fame" as his proxy to pursue a claim against the monks of Saint-Sauve by charter dated 17 Oct 1270[979]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records the death in 1279 of "regina Hispanie, domina Pontivi, mater Alienoræ reginæ Angliæ"[980]. m firstly (Burgos 1237 before 20 Nov) as his second wife, don FERNANDO III "el Santo" King of Castile, son of don ALFONSO IX King of León & his second wife Infanta doña Berenguela de Castilla (Monte de Valparaíso [30 Jul/5 Aug] 1201-Seville 30 May 1252, bur Seville, Cathedral Santa María). m secondly ([May 1260/9 Feb 1261]) JEAN de Nesle Seigneur de Falvy et de La Hérelle, son of --- (-2 Feb 1292).

2. PHILIPPA de Dammartin (-[14 Apr 1278/1281]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to, but does not name, the four daughters of "comes de Pontivo Symon" (in order) as the wives of "rex Castelle de Hispanie Fernandus…maiorem filius vicecomitis de Castro Araudi…comitis de Augo…comes de Roceio"[981]. The primary source which confirms her second marriage has not yet been identified. The Kronik van Arent toe Bocop records that "Otto…grave van Gelre" married secondly "Philippa, de grave van Syntpols dochter"[982]. m firstly (after 1239) as his third wife, RAOUL de Lusignan Comte d'Eu, son of RAOUL de Lusignan dit d'Issoudun Comte d'Eu & his wife Alix Ctss d'Eu (-[1/2] Sep 1246). m secondly (after Nov 1246) RAOUL Sire de Coucy, son of ENGUERRAND [III] Seigneur de Coucy & third his wife Marie de Montmirail (-killed in battle Faraskur 6 Apr 1250). m thirdly ([1252/54]) as his second wife, OTTO II Graaf van Gelderland, son of GERHARD III Graf van Gelderland & his wife Marguerite de Brabant (-10 Jan 1271).

3. MARIE de Dammartin . The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to, but does not name, the four daughters of "comes de Pontivo Symon" (in order) as the wives of "rex Castelle de Hispanie Fernandus…maiorem filius vicecomitis de Castro Araudi…comitis de Augo…comes de Roceio"[983]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. 1236/1279. m (before 15 Dec 1241) JEAN [II] Comte de Roucy, son of --- (-killed in battle Flanders 1251).

4. AGATHE de Dammartin (-before 1268). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to, but does not name, the four daughters of "comes de Pontivo Symon" (in order) as the wives of "rex Castelle de Hispanie Fernandus…maiorem filius vicecomitis de Castro Araudi…comitis de Augo…comes de Roceio"[984]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. 1240/1259. m AIMERY [II] Vicomte de Châtellerault, son of HUGUES Vicomte de Châtellerault & his second wife Alix d'Alençon Dame de Montgommery (-1242).

D. COMTES de PONTHIEU (CASTILE)

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

Infante don FERNANDO de Castilla y León, son of don FERNANDO III "el Santo" King of Castile & his second wife Jeanne de Dammartin Ctss d'Aumâle et de Ponthieu (1238-in France before 1264). Also known as FERDINAND de Ponthieu. Created Comte d’Aumâle, Baron de Montgomery et de Noyelles-sur-Mer by his maternal grandfather Simon de Dammartin.

m (after 1256) as her first husband, LAURE de Montfort Dame d'Epernon, daughter of AMAURY de Montfort ex-Duc de Narbonne & his wife Beatrix de Viennois [Bourgogne-Capet] (-before Aug 1270, bur Abbaye Saint-Antoine-lès-Paris). "Ferrandus…regis Hyspanie filius, heres Pontivil et dominus Sparnonis ac miles et domina Laura de Monteforti eiusdem Sparnonis domina eius uxor" issued letters to the priory of Saint-Thomas d´Epernon by charter dated Feb 1261[985]. She married secondly (before Dec 1267) Henri de Grandpré Seigneur de Livry.

Ferdinand & his wife had one child:

1. JEAN de Ponthieu (after 1264-killed in battle Courtrai 11 Jul 1302). He succeeded his father in 1264 as Comte d’Aumâle, Baron of Montgomery, Seigneur d’Epernon and Noyelles-sur-Mer. However, on the death of his mother in 1279, his aunt Infanta doña Leonor de Castilla Queen of England succeeded to Ponthieu in his place as the closer direct relation. After an inconclusive hearing at Amiens 23 May 1281, Jean renounced Ponthieu in return for 14,000 livres compensation. m as her second husband, IDA de Meulan Dame de Fontaine-Guérard, daughter of AMAURY [III] de Meulan Baron de la Queue-en-Brie et de Gournay-sur-Marne, Seigneur de Noyon-sur-Andelle, de La Croix-Saint-Leuffroy, de Fontaine-Guérard et de Roissy & his wife --- (-16 Jan 1324, bur Abbaye de Fontaine-Guérard). Bert M. Kamp has pointed out that the wife of Jean de Ponthieu must be Ida de Meulan, daughter of Amaury [III] de Meulan, and not Ida de Meulan, daughter of Amaury [II] de Meulan & his wife Marguerite de Neufbourg, who was the wife of Gobert d´Argies [or de Dargies][986]. He highlights the charter dated Apr 1274 under which "Almaricus de Meullento dominus de Cauda, Guillelmus de Essartis dominus de Ambleinvilla, Gobertus de Argus dominus de Guitebuef, Albertus de Longavalle dominus de Croissiaco milites, Ysabellis predicti Guillelmi, Yda dicti Goberti, et Anna dicti Alberti uxores" confirmed rights of pasture of the convent of Notre-Dame de Gournay[987]. As the death of Gobert d´Argies is estimated to [1288/92][988], the 1274 document indicates that his wife would have been considerably older than Jean de Ponthieu at the time of the latter´s marriage and therefore unlikely to have become Jean´s wife. Jean & his wife had two children:

a) LAURE de Ponthieu. Living 1303. m GUY [VI] de Mauvoisin Seigneur de Rosny, son of GUY [V] de Mauvoisin Seigneur de Rosny & his wife Isabelle de Mello (-1311).

b) JEAN de Ponthieu (-[16 Jan 1340 or 1342]). He succeeded his father in 1302 as Comte d’Aumâle, Baron de Montgomery, Seigneur d’Epernon, de Noyelles-sur-Mer and de Fontaine-Guérard. He took part in the siege of Cambrai, and the battle of Burronfosse 22 Jul 1337. m (before 2 Sep 1319) CATHERINE d’Artois, daughter of PHILIPPE d'Artois Seigneur de Conches [Capet] & his wife Blanche de Bretagne ([1296]-Normandy Nov 1368). Comte Jean & his wife had two children:

i) BLANCHE de Ponthieu (-12 [Apr/May] 1387). She succeeded her father in 1340 as Ctss d’Aumâle, Dame de Montgomery, de Mesles-sur-Sarthe, de Gouffer, de Vigues d'Aubigny, de Noyelles-sur-Mer, de Hiermont, de Noyellette et de Pontailler. m ([1340/41]) JEAN [V] d'Harcourt Comte d'Harcourt, Vicomte de Châtellerault, Seigneur d'Elbœuf, son of JEAN [IV] d'Harcourt Comte d'Harcourt & his wife Isabeau de Parthenay (-beheaded Rouen 8 Jan 1355).

ii) JEANNE de Ponthieu (-30 May 1376). Dame d'Epernon. m JEAN [VII] Comte de Vendôme, Seigneur de Castres, son of BOUCHARD [VII] Comte de Vendôme & his wife Alix de Bretagne (-Montpellier [1/22] Feb 1364, bur Castres).

E. SEIGNEURS de CAYEUX

La Gorgue-Rosny states that Cayeux was a seigneurie at Vimeu near the coast[989]. A more extensive genealogy of this family can be consulted in Belleval´s Nobiliaire de Ponthieu et de Vimeu[990]. The book refers to primary sources but gives no precise citation references. One of the difficulties in reconstructing this family is deciding the number of different individuals named Anseau. What is shown below is a reasonable interpretation of the sources, but may not represent the final answer.

1. ANSEAU [I] de Cayeux (-after 1128). Seigneur de Cayeux. La Gorgue-Rosny states that "Ansel de Cayeux, seigneur dudit lieu, Bouillencourt-en-Séry, Fréville, Rambures" founded the abbey of Séry in 1127 but does not cite the corresponding primary source[991]. Belleval refers to a charter dated 1128 which names Anseau and his three sons who are named below but gives no indication of the precise source[992]. m ---. The name of Anseau´s wife is not known. Anseau & his wife had three children:

a) GUILLAUME de Cayeux . Ancestor of the later Seigneurs de Cayeux according to Belleval who shows the alleged descent until the early 15th century[993].

b) ETIENNE de Cayeux .

c) ARNOUL de Cayeux . Belleval identifies Arnoul, son of Anseau [I] de Cayeux, with Arnoul, father of Anseau [II] de Cayeux[994]. However, this is contradicted by William of Andres who identifies Hugues as father of Anseau [II] (see below).

1. HUGUES de Cayeux . m ---. The name of Hugues´s wife is not known. Hugues & his wife had two children:

a) ARNOUL de Cayeux (-after 1196). William of Andres records that "dominum Arnulphum de Kaeu et dominam Adelidem de Bavelinghem uxorem eius" donated property "apud Diependale" to the abbey of Andres, confirming the donation made by "dominum Hugonem patrem ipsius domine" before the marriage of "filiam suam", with the consent of "domini Balduini comitis Gisnensis", and retired to the abbey, dated to 1196[995]. m ADELIS de Bavelinghen, daughter of ---. William of Andres records that "dominum Arnulphum de Kaeu et dominam Adelidem de Bavelinghem uxorem eius" donated property "apud Diependale" to the abbey of Andres, confirming the donation made by "dominum Hugonem patrem ipsius domine" before the marriage of "filiam suam", with the consent of "domini Balduini comitis Gisnensis", dated to 1196[996]. Arnoul & his wife had two children:

i) ARNOUL de Cayeux (-after 1227). Belleval names Arnoul and Anseau as sons of Arnoul de Cayeux and his wife but cites no primary source[997]. Seigneur de Longvillers. Ancestor of the later Seigneurs de Longvillers according to Belleval who shows the alleged descent until the early 15th century[998].

ii) ANSEAU [II] de Cayeux ([1165/80]-after 27 Jul 1214). Belleval names Arnoul and Anseau as sons of Arnoul de Cayeux and his wife but cites no primary source[999]. Villehardouin records that "Count Hugh of St Paul, Peter of Amiens his nephew…Anseau of Cayeux" formed the third division in the attack on Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, names "Anseau of Cayeux" among those who defeated Theodoros Laskaris later in the same year, and records that Henri de Flandre left "Anseau of Cayeux" in command of the city of Bizye[1000]. The fact that Anseau was left in command of the city suggests that he was a mature individual, indicating the very approximate birth date range as shown above. La Gorgue-Rosny states that "Anselme [de Cayeux]" was one of the knights "du comté de Boulogne" at the battle of Bouvines in 1214[1001].

b) daughter . William of Andres records that "dominum Arnulphum de Kaeu et dominam Adelidem de Bavelinghem uxorem eius" donated property "apud Diependale" to the abbey of Andres, confirming the donation made by "dominum Hugonem patrem ipsius domine" before the marriage of "filiam suam", with the consent of "domini Balduini comitis Gisnensis", dated to 1196[1002]. m ---.

1. ANSEAU [III] de Cayeux ([1195/1205]-after [1247]). Belleval names Anseau [II], son of Arnoul de Cayeux, was the same person as Anseau de Cayeux who married Evdokia Laskarina[1003]. The estimated birth date of Anseau [II], as shown above, suggests that this assumption may not be correct. In addition, no mention has been found in any of the sources of any Anseau de Cayeux between 1214 and 1230. This suggests that Anseau [III] was a different person from Anseau [II], the latter dying some time after 1214 before Anseau [III] was mature. Chambrier of Romania. Regent of Constantinople 1238. Governor of Tsurulos in Asia Minor until 1240. m ([1230]) EVDOKIA Laskarina, daughter of THEODOROS I Emperor in Nikaia and his first wife Anna Angelina (-after [1247]). Georgius Akropolites names "Irene, Maria et Eudocia" as the three daughters of "Theodorum Lascarim imperatorem…ex Anna uxore"[1004]. Ephræmius records the betrothal of "imperatori Lascari…tertiam filiam Eudociam" and "Robertum", stating that "Manuele patriarcha" objected to the marriage[1005]. Georgius Akropolites records that "Robertus" was betrothed to "Eudociæ filiæ" but that "Manuelem…patriarcham" objected to the marriage[1006]. Georgius Akropolites records that "Theodori imperatoris fratres germani sebastocratores Alexius atque Isaacius" kidnapped "illius filia Eudocia" from Constantinople after the death of her father[1007]. Her first betrothal was arranged in confirmation of the peace between the empire in Nikaia and the Latin empire, but the Patriarch of Nikaia objected to the marriage on the grounds of consanguinity[1008]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "dux Austrie" married one of the daughters (mentioned second) of "Lascarum Grecum"[1009]. Georgius Akropolites records that "Eudocia soror uxoris imperatoris" was the wife of "Aseldecaë [Ασέλ Δεκαέ]" (="Ansel de Cayeu") at "apud Tzurulum" which was besieged by Emperor Ioannes, her husband fleeing while Evdokia was taken to Constantinople, in [1247] from the context of the passage[1010]. Ephræmius records that "sororem reginæ…Eudociam" married "Aseldecao Italo dynastæ"[1011]. The reference to "Italo" is presumably deduced from the appointment of Anseau [IV] as Vicar-General by Charles I King of Sicily [Anjou-Capet] (see below). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "Anselmus de Kiev, de Pontivo natus" married an unnamed fourth daughter of "Lascarum Grecum"[1012]. Anseau [III] & [his wife] had [one] child:

a) [ANSEAU [IV] de Cayeux (-[1275/76]). Belleval assumes that the Anseau de Cayeux who married Evdokia Laskarina was the same person as Anseau de Cayeux whose widow Maria issued a charter dated 1277[1013]. This assumes rather a long lifespan, and his appointment as Vicar-General of "Albania" when he would have been in his seventies, which appears unlikely. Another more likely possibility, which is reasonable from a chronological point of view, is that they were different persons, and that the second was the son of the first. No primary source has been identified which confirms that Anseau [IV] was the son of Anseau [III], but this looks likely. If this parentage is correct, no proof has been found that Anseau [IV] was the son of Evdokia Laskarina, although no other reference has been found to any other marriage of Anseau [III]. McDaniel assumes that Anseau was "resident in or held lands around Keu" (on the basis of the information contained in his marriage dispensation and licence which are quoted below)[1014]. He identifies "Keu" as "present-day Banostor" in Hungary. However, it is more likely that "Keu" in these documents represents an imaginative version of "Cayeux", especially given the number of orthographic variations of this name which are found in contemporary primary sources. Anseau was appointed Vicar-General of Albania in 1273 by Charles I King of Sicily: "Anselmo de Caen" was named "Capitaneum et Vicarium generale in Regno Albanie" by charter dated 13 May 1273[1015].] m (Papal dispensation 15 Aug 1253, licence 13 Jan 1254) MARIA Angelina, daughter of IOANNES "Kaloiannes" Angelos & his wife Mathilde von Vianden (-after 1285). Pope Innocent IV issued a dispensation for the marriage of "Anselmum de Keu ac Mariam natam Matildis dominæ de Posaga, natæ comitissæ Viennensis" dated 15 Aug 1253, and the marriage licence for "Maria, nate quondam Calojohanni" dated 13 Jan 1254, the documents naming "imperatore Constantinopolitano, eiusdem Matildis avunculo"[1016]. Pope Alexander IV confirmed the marriage of "nobili viro Anselmo domino de Keu et Marie uxori eius" dated 15 Jan 1255[1017]. Belleval says that Marie names "son mari défunt grand baron de l´empire de Constantinople, chambellan dudut empire et bouteiller de Seles" in a charter dated 1277 but gives no source reference[1018]. La Gorgue-Rosny states that "Anseau son fils et Marie de Cayeux sa femme" donated property to the abbey of Dommartin in 1277 but does not cite the corresponding primary source[1019]. McDaniel dates her last documented appearance to 1285[1020]. Anseau [IV] & his wife had one child:

i) ANSEAU [V] de Cayeux (-after 1280). La Gorgue-Rosny states that "Anseau son fils et Marie de Cayeux sa femme" donated property to the abbey of Dommartin in 1277 but does not cite the corresponding primary source[1021]. Belleval names Anseau as son of Anseau, adding that he was named "chambellan de l´empire de Constantinople" in a charter dated 1280 but gives no source reference[1022]. Chamberlain of the Empire of Constantinople.

Chapter 10. COMTES de ROUCY

A. COMTES de ROUCY (ORIGINS)

Two brothers, parents not known.

1. RAGENOLD [Renaud] (-10 May 967, bur Abbaye de Saint-Rémy). A Viking, he may have been installed originally as military chief at Reims after Artaud was restored as archbishop in 946. He constructed a fort at Roucy between 947 and 953, and supported King Lothaire on his expedition to Aquitaine in 955[1023]. Comte de Roucy. Flodoard names "Ragenaldus comes et Dodo frater ipsius" in 947[1024]. "Rainaldus Remensis comitis" subscribed a charter dated to [948/54] relating to the foundation of the abbey of Charlieu[1025]. m ALBERADE, daughter of GISELBERT Duke of Lotharingia & his wife Gerberga of Germany ([929/30]-, bur Abbaye de Saint-Rémy). "Mathilde et Alberada" are named as daughters of "Gerberga" in the Continuator of Flodoard, which specifies that Alberada was mother of Ermentrudis but does not name Alberada's husband[1026]. Two epitaphs in the church of Saint-Rémy, Marly relate to "Ragenolde" and "Albrada", although neither refers to each other[1027]. Bouchard highlights the absence of proof that the husband of Alberade of Lotharingia was Ragenold Comte de Roucy[1028]. She is named in a letter to Poppo of Stablo[1029]. Count Ragenold & his wife had [four] children. Their parentage is deduced by a combined reading of the different sources which refer to them. None of these sources name both parents, so the affiliation is not without all doubt. Comte Renaud & his wife had four children:

a) ERMENTRUDE ([947/52]-[5 Oct 1002/1004]). "Ermentrudis" is named as daughter of "Alberada filia …Gerbergæ" in the Continuator of Flodoard, which does not name either her father or her husband but specifies that Ermentrudis was the mother of Agnes (Ctss de Poitou)[1030], the latter naming both her parents in charters[1031]. Her birth date range is estimated on the basis of her son by her first marriage being named in 971. "Ermentrudis conjuge sua" consented to the donation of land "in Aponiaco villa" by "Albericus comes Matisconensis" to Cluny by charter dated 14 Jan 971[1032]. The date of her first marriage is indicated by her absence from the charter of "Albericus comes Matisconensis" dated Mar 966[1033]. The genealogy of the Comtes de Mâcon, included in the cartulary of Saint-Vincent de Mâcon, records the marriage of "dominus Guillelmus comes" with the wife of "Albericus filius Leotaldi comitis"[1034]. Rodulfus Glaber states that "Willemus, Henrici ducis priuignus, Adalberti Longobardorum ducis filius" married the sister of "Brunone Lingonensi episcopo" who supported him in his rebellion against the king [Robert II][1035]. Ermentrude's date of death is indicated by the Chronicle of St Bénigne de Dijon which records a donation by "Otto comes cognomento Willelmus" with "filii eius Rainaldi" dated 1004 "pro anima Hinrici Ducis, qui eum loco filii adoptavit et genitricis sue Gerberge uxoris predicti Ducis, ac filii sui Widonis et Hermintrudis coniugis"[1036]. m firstly (before 971) AUBRY [II] Comte de Mâcon, son of LETAUD Comte de Mâcon & his first wife Ermengarde [de Chalon] ([935/40]-after 17 Nov [before 981/82][1037]). m secondly (before [981/82]) as his first wife, OTHON GUILLAUME Comte de Mâcon et de Nevers [Bourgogne-Comté], son of ADALBERTO associate-King of Italy & his wife Gerberge de Chalon ([960/2]-Dijon 21 Sep 1026).

b) GISELBERT ([948/55]-[19 Apr 991/1000], maybe 997, bur Abbaye de Saint-Rémy). The Acta Concilii Remensis ad Sanctum Basolum (dated to 991) quotes Bruno Bishop of Langres referring to "unicum fratrem meum comitem Gislebertum…"[1038]. Comte de Roucy. Vicomte de Reims.

- see below.

c) daughter . The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ mentions "filiam Rainoldi comitis Remorum", without naming her, as wife of "Frotmundus"[1039]. The Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis records that “Frotmundus” married “filiam Rainaldi Remoru Comitis”[1040]. While it is not certain that this indicates Renaud de Roucy, Reims was one of his early bases and no other "Comte de Reims" has been identified. m FROMOND [II] Comte de Sens, son of RENARD [I] Comte de Sens & his wife --- (-1012).

d) BRUNO ([955/56]-29 Jan 1016). His parentage is deduced from Rodulfus Glaber stating that "Willemus, Henrici ducis priuignus, Adalberti Longobardorum ducis filius" married the sister of "Brunone Lingonensi episcopo", when recording that the latter supported his brother-in-law in the latter's rebellion against the king [Robert II][1041]. Cleric at Reims. The Chronicle of St Bénigne de Dijon records that King Lothar installed "Brunoni Remensis Ecclesie clerico…suo vero parenti propinquitate consanguinitatis" as bishop of Langres in 980[1042], King Lothar being the uterine half-brother of Bruno's mother. The Acta Concilii Remensis ad Sanctum Basolum quotes Bruno Bishop of Langres referring to "unicum fratrem meum comitem Gislebertum, meumque consobrinum comitem Guidonem"[1043], although the latter has not been identified. His necrology records the death of "Brunonis episcopi Lingonice" aged 60 after 36 years in his bishopric but does not specify his date of death[1044].

2. DODO (-947 or after). Flodoard names "Ragenaldus comes et Dodo frater ipsius" in 947[1045].

GISELBERT [de Roucy], son of RENAUD Comte [de Roucy] & his wife Alberade de Hainaut ([948/55]-19 Apr [991/1000], maybe 997, bur Abbaye de Saint-Rémy). The Acta Concilii Remensis ad Sanctum Basolum (dated to 991) quotes Bruno Bishop of Langres referring to "unicum fratrem meum comitem Gislebertum…"[1046]. Comte de Roucy. Vicomte de Reims. The necrology of Reims Cathedral records the death "XIII Kal Mai" of "Gisbertus comes"[1047].

m --- [de Poitiers]. Père Anselme states that the wife of "Gilbert Comte de Reims et de Roucy…semble avoir été de la maison de Poitiers" and that the couple were parents of Ebles, Liétard and Judith, shown below[1048]. The primary source on which this is based is not known. However, it is doubtful whether it can be correct in all its details. In particular, Judith Ctss de Rethel (alleged daughter of Gislebert & his wife, see below) must have been born in [1020/30] for chronological consistency with the estimated birth dates of her descendants, which excludes her being Giselbert's daughter. In addition, the origin of the names Ebles, Liétard and Judith is unclear among the family of Giselbert Comte de Roucy. Jean-Noël Mathieu suggests that Giselbert died childless and that the father of these children was Ebles de Poitou, son of Guillaume IV "Fier-à-Bras" Duke of Aquitaine [Guillaume II Comte de Poitou] & his wife Emma de Blois, based partly on onomastics and partly to explain how the territories of Rumigny-en-Porcéan and Coucy (under the suzerainty, respectively, of the abbey of Saint-Nicaise de Reims and the church of Saint-Rémi de Reims, and thereby closely connected with the family of the Comtes de Blois-Champagne) came into the family[1049]. J-N. Mathieu also suggests that the mother of these children was an otherwise unknown daughter of Ermentrude de Roucy, sister of Comte Giselbert, by her first husband Aubry [II] Comte de Macon who, in the ordinary course of events, would have been heiress of Roucy if Giselbert had died childless. The suggestion appears consistent from a chronological point of view. However, more research is needed to establish the original source on which the affiliation from Giselbert is based. Another possibility is that Ebles and Eudes were sons of Giselbert, but that Lietaud and Judith were children born from a second marriage of their mother.

Comte Giselbert & his wife had [four possible children]:

1. EBLES (-11 May 1033). The Genealogiciæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Lebaldus de Malla et…Iveta comitissa de Retest" as brother and sister of "Ebalus de Roceio"[1050]. Comte de Roucy 997. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the succession in 1023 as archbishop of Reims of "Ebalus qui fuit comes de Roseio"[1051]. Archbishop of Reims 1021. m (divorced before 1021) as her first husband, BEATRIX de Hainaut, daughter of REGINAR IV Comte de Hainaut & his wife Hedwige de France (after [996]-). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Beatricem" as daughter of "Rainero comiti de Hainaco" & his wife Hedwige, naming her husband "Ebalus de Roceio"[1052]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis gives more details, naming "Beatricem" daughter of "Hadevidem…comitissam Hainonensium" and specifying that she married "Ebalus de Roceio, cuius frater fuit Lebaldus de Malla et soror Iveta comitissa de Roitest" and later "Manasses cui agnomen Calva-asina"[1053]. She married secondly ([1021]) Manassès de Ramerupt "Calva-asina" [Montdidier]. Comte Ebles & his wife had two children:

a) ADELAIDE de Roucy ([1015/20]-1062). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Aelidam et Hadewidem" as the two daughters of "Ebalus de Roceio" & his wife, specifying that "omnes comites de Roceio et de Arceis sive de Ramerupt vel de Brena super Albam" descended from Adelaide[1054]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Adelidem et Hadevidem" as the two daughters of "Ebalus de Roceio " and his wife Beatrix, specifying that "secunda filia…soror…Hadevidis nupsit Helduino comiti de Ramerut[1055]. Her birth date is estimated from her mother's estimated birth date and the fact that Adelaide herself gave birth to her youngest child in [1060]. m HILDUIN [IV] Comte de Montdidier Seigneur de Ramerupt, son of HILDUIN [III] Seigneur de Ramerupt & his wife --- (-1063).

b) HEDWIGE de Roucy (-1070 or after). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Aelidam et Hadewidem" as the two daughters of "Ebalus de Roceio" & his wife, specifying that Hedwige married "Godefridus frater episcopi Gerardi Cameracensis"[1056], although the bishop in question was the uncle of Hedwige's husband not his brother. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Adelidem et Hadevidem" as the two daughters of "Ebalus de Roceio" & his wife Beatrix, specifying that Hedwige married "Condefrido de Ruminiaco" by whom she had "filium nomine Nicholaum et filias, quarum una peperit ex Radulfo de Veteri-villa Ebalum de Flurines et Ermentrudem, matrem Guilelmi de Birbais; secunda filia Hadevidis de Rumiaco ex Godefrido de Ranst peperit filios Iohannem et Nicholaum, qui Nicholaus Arnulfum et Godefridum procreavit; tercia filia iam dicte Hadevidis copulate domino de Granci peperit ei Ebalum eiusdem loci dominum"[1057]. m GODEFROI [IV] de Florennes, son of GODEFROI [III] Seigneur de Florennes [Rumigny] & his wife Gisela ---. 1066/78.

2. EUDES "le Fort/fortis" (-27 Aug after 1021). The necrology of the church of Reims records the death "VI Kal Sep" of "Odo fortis frater domini Ebali archiepiscopi"[1058].

3. LETAUD de Marle . The Genealogiciæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Lebaldus de Malla et…Iveta comitissa de Retest" as brother and sister of "Ebalus de Roceio "[1059]. m MATHILDE, daughter of ---. "Albericus de Cociaco…cum Adela uxore sua et matre eius Mathilde" granted privileges to the monastery of Nogent-sous-Coucy by charter dated 1059[1060]. Létaud & his wife had one child:

a) ADA de Marle . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Letaldus de Marla…filiam nomine Adam" as mother of "Thomam de Marla"[1061]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "filia…Letardi domni de Marla… Ada" as mother of "Thomam de Cocy"[1062]. "Albericus de Cociaco…cum Adela uxore sua et matre eius Mathilde" granted privileges to the monastery of Nogent-sous-Coucy by charter dated 1059[1063], although the primary source which confirms that she was the daughter of Létaud, as well as the same daughter who later married Enguerrand de Coucy, has not yet been identified. Vicomtesse de Coucy. m firstly (divorced 1059) AUBRY [de Beaumont-sur-Oise] Vicomte de Coucy, son of [IVO [II] Comte de Beaumont & his wife Emma ---] (-before 1095). m secondly (repudiated) as his first wife, ENGUERRAND [I] Comte d´Amiens Seigneur de Boves et de Coucy, son of DREUX Seigneur de Boves & his wife --- (-1116).

4. [JUDITH . The Genealogiciæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Lebaldus de Malla et…Iveta comitissa de Retest" as brother and sister of "Ebalus de Roceio" and, in a later passage, "Iuetta soror…Letaldi de Marla" as mother of "Hugonem comitem de Retest"[1064]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitissa de Reitest, uxor comitis Manesserii Iutta” as sister of "fratres Ebalus comes de Roceio et Letardus domnus de Marla"[1065]. Hugues de Rethel names his parents Manassès and Judith in a charter dated 1081 for the church of Braux[1066]. However, Judith Ctss de Rethel must have been born in [1020/30] for chronological consistency with the estimated birth dates of her descendants, which excludes her being the daughter of Giselbert Comte de Roucy. It is possible, as suggested above, that she was the uterine half-sister of Ebles Comte de Roucy, born from their mother's second marriage. m MANASSES [III] Comte de Rethel, son of [MANASSES [II] Comte de Rethel & his wife ---] (-1081 or after).

B. COMTES de ROUCY (MONTDIDIER)

EBLES de Ramerupt, son of HILDUIN [IV] Comte de Montdidier et de Roucy, Seigneur de Ramerupt & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-May 1103). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ebalus…de Roceio et Andreas de Ramerut et Arceis comites" as the two sons of "Hilduinus de Ramerut" & his wife Adelaide[1067]. Comte de Roucy. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Ebalum comitem…et Andream comitem de Ramerut et filias" as children of "comes Helduinus [et] Adelaide"[1068]. "Eblo de Roceio" donated property "in terra Morissarti" [Mortcerf] to the abbey of Saint-Martin de Pontoise by charter dated [1082][1069]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "tyrannide fortissimo et tumultuosi baronis Ebali Ruciacensis et filii eius Guischardi" devastated the lands of the church of Reims[1070].

m (before 1082) SIBYLLE de Apulia, daughter of ROBERT “Guiscard” Duke of Apulia & his second wife Sichelgaita di Salerno. [1092]/1117. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Sybilla" as wife of "comitis Ebali de Roceio" but does not give her origin[1071]. The Alexeiad records that Robert "Guiscard" married "the other [daughter] to Eubulus who was himself a count of great distinction" but does not name her[1072].

Comte Ebles & his wife had eight children:

1. GUISCARD de Roucy . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et Thomas et Hugo cognomento Cholez et filie" as children of "Ebalo comite de Roceio"[1073]. Suger's Vita Ludovici records that "tyrannide fortissimo et tumultuosi baronis Ebali Ruciacensis et filii eius Guischardi" devastated the lands of the church of Reims[1074].

2. THOMAS de Roucy . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et Thomas et Hugo cognomento Cholez et filie" as children of "Ebalo comite de Roceio"[1075].

3. HUGUES "Cholet" de Roucy ([1090]-[1160], bur Reims St Thierry). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et Thomas et Hugo cognomento Cholez et filie" as children of "Ebalo comite de Roceio"[1076]. Comte de Roucy.

- see below.

4. EBLES de Roucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m ---. The name of Ebles's wife is not known. Ebles & his wife had one child:

a) EBLES de Roucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

5. MANASSES de Roucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. m ---. The name of Manassès's wife is not known. Manassès & his wife had one child:

a) THOMAS de Roucy . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. 1157.

b) PETRONILLA de Roucy . The Chronicon Lætiense names "Petronilla cognomento Comitissam" as wife of "apud Veterem-villam comes Radulphus", specifying that she was "cognata…Ebali qui filius fuit Hilduini comitis de Roci" and that her husband founded the church of Gociliis[1077]. 1157. m RAOUL Comte de Vieille-Ville, son of ---. One child:

i) EBLES de Vieille-Ville . The Chronicon Lætiense names "Ebalus filius [Petronillæ]"[1078].

6. ERMENGARDE de Roucy (-1157 or after). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m GERVAIS Seigneur de Bazoches, son of --- (-before 1169).

7. MABILE de Roucy (-after 1122). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et Thomas et Hugo congnomento Cholez et filie" as children of "Ebalo comite de Roceio", specifying that one daughter (unnamed, mentioned first) married "Hugoni de Puisat" by whom she had "Hugonem de Gata"[1079]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the wife of "Hugoni de Puisato" as sister of "Wichardum de Rocheio et comitem Hugonem Cholet"[1080]. William of Tyre names the wife of Hugues du Puiset "Mamilia filia domini Hugonis Cholet comitis de Ruci[1081], but it appears more acceptable chronologically for Mabile to have been the daughter of Comte Ebles II than of Comte Hugues de Roucy. William of Tyre records her marriage to "fratri comitis Namura" and his installation to succeed his wife's first husband as Lord of Jaffa[1082]. m firstly HUGUES du Puiset, son of HUGUES [I] du Puiset “Blavons” & his wife Alix de Montlhéry (-[1118]). m secondly ([1118/19]) ALBERT de Namur, son of ALBERT III Comte de Namur & his wife Ida von Sachsen (-before 1122). He was installed as Lord of Jaffa in succession to his wife's first husband.

8. AGNES de Roucy . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et Thomas et Hugo congnomento Cholez et filie" as children of "Ebalo comite de Roceio", specifying that one daughter (unnamed, mentioned second) married "Godefridus de Ribodio" and, after his death, "domino de Basengi" by whom she had "Wiscardum eiusdem loci dominum"[1083]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to another sister of "Wichardum de Rocheio et comitem Hugonem Cholet" as wife first of “mariti sui de Ribodimonte” and secondly of “domno de Claromonte in Basigneio”[1084]. m firstly GEOFFROY de Ribeaumont, son of ---. m secondly (before 1119) SIMON [II] Seigneur de Clermont [en-Basogny], son of --- (-[1130] or after).

HUGUES "Cholet" de Roucy, son of EBLES [II] Comte de Roucy & his wife Sibylle of Apulia ([1090]-[1160], bur Reims St Thierry). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et Thomas et Hugo cognomento Cholez et filie" as children of "Ebalo comite de Roceio"[1085]. Comte de Roucy. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1086]. Seigneur de Nizy-le-Comte et de Sevigny.

m firstly AVELINE, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. 1117.

m secondly (after 1117) RICHILDE von Staufen, daughter of FRIEDRICH I Duke of Swabia [Staufen] & his wife Agnes of Germany ([1100]-before 1154). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the wife of "comes Hugo Cholez" as sister of "ut dicitur, imperatoris Conradi" but does not name her[1087]. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1088].

Comte Hugues & his first wife had one child:

1. ADA de Roucy ([1117]-1172 or after). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et ceteri filii et filie" as children of "Hugo congnomento Cholez", specifying that one daughter (unnamed, mentioned first) married "Galchero de Moniai" by whom she had "Guidonem et Galcherum"[1089]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to one sister of "Wichardum novissimum et Hugonem" as wife of "Galtheiro de Monteisi" but does not name her[1090]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. m GAUCHER [II] Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne, de Toissy, de Montjay et de Crécy, son of HENRI Seigneur de Châtillon & his wife Ermengarde de Montjay (-killed in battle Laodicea 19 Jan 1147 or -19 Jun 1148).

Comte Hugues & his second wife had eight children:

2. GUISCARD de Roucy (-before 1181). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et ceteri filii et filie" as children of "Hugo cognomento Cholez"[1091]. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1092]. Comte de Roucy. "Wischardus comes Roceiensis" transferred his hospice of Evergnicourt to Laon, with the consent of "uxore mea […Elisabeth]…et Radulfo filio meo et uxore sua et ceteris liberis meis", by charter dated 1178, signed by "…Ebali filii comitis canonicorum…"[1093]. m (before 1154) as her second husband, ELISABETH de Mareuil Dame de Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne, widow of ROBERT Seigneur de Montaigu [Pierrepont], daughter of JEAN Vicomte de Mareuil Seigneur de Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne & his wife --- (-1207 or after). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the wife of "Wichardum novissimum" as "relicta Roberti de Monteacuto…filia Iohannis vicecomitis de Marvellis" but does not name her[1094]. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1095]. "Wischardus comes Roceiensis" transferred his hospice of Evergnicourt to Laon, with the consent of "uxore mea […Elisabeth]…et Radulfo filio meo et uxore sua et ceteris liberis meis", by charter dated 1178, signed by "…Ebali filii comitis canonicorum…"[1096]. "Guillelmus…abbas…Sancti Petri et Sancti Huberti in Ardennia" sold the abbey´s rights in a mill near Evergnicourt on the river Aisne to "Elizabeth dominæ de Novo Castro" by charter dated 1201[1097]. She married thirdly (1202) Renaud de Montdiviel. "Renaud de Montdiviel et sa femme Elisabeth, veuve du comte de Roucy" donated property at Evergnicourt, acquired by Elisabeth "pendant son veuvage", to the abbey of Valroy by charter dated 1202[1098]. Guiscard & his wife had seven children:

a) RAOUL de Roucy (-1196). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Iohannem et Rodulfum" as sons of "Wichardum novissimum" & his wife[1099]. "Wischardus comes Roceiensis" transferred his hospice of Evergnicourt to Laon, with the consent of "uxore mea […Elisabeth]…et Radulfo filio meo et uxore sua et ceteris liberis meis", by charter dated 1178, signed by "…Ebali filii comitis canonicorum…"[1100]. Comte de Roucy. m as her first husband, ISABEAU [Melisende] de Coucy, daughter of RAOUL [I] Seigneur de Coucy & his first wife Agnes de Hainaut. The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Iolandem…Agnetis…tercia…Ada" as the three daughters of "Radulphus de Cocy" & his wife, specifying that Agnes married firstly "Radulpho comiti de Roci", by whom she was childless, and secondly "comiti de Grandiprato"[1101]. She married secondly Henri [III] Comte de Grandpré. Comte Raoul & his wife had one child:

i) daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Nun at Plesnoy 1181.

b) JEAN de Roucy (-1200). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Iohannem et Rodulfum" as sons of "Wichardum novissimum" & his wife[1102]. Comte de Roucy. "Johannes comes Roceii et mater mea Elysabeth comitissa" confirmed the donations to Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne by "Henricus frater meus" on his deathbed and by "pater meus comes Wischardus…et frater meus Radulfus comes Roceii", with the consent of "uxoris nostre Beatricis", by charter dated 1196[1103]. m BEATRICE, daughter of ---. "Johannes comes Roceii et mater mea Elysabeth comitissa" confirmed the donations to Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne by "Henricus frater meus" on his deathbed and by "pater meus comes Wischardus…et frater meus Radulfus comes Roceii", with the consent of "uxoris nostre Beatricis", by charter dated 1196[1104].

c) EUSTACHIE de Roucy (-before [1211]). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Eustachiam" as one of the three daughters of "Wichardum novissimum" & his wife, specifying that she was wife of "Robertus de Petraponte" and mother of "comes…Iohannes"[1105]. Ctss de Roucy. m (before 1190) ROBERT Seigneur de Pierrepont, son of --- (-before 1209). Excommunicated 1183. "Johannes comes de Rocey et dominus de Petrapontis" exchanged property at Evergnicourt with Saint-Hubert, Ardenne by charter dated Sep 1225[1106].

d) EBLES de Roucy . "Wischardus comes Roceiensis" transferred his hospice of Evergnicourt to Laon, with the consent of "uxore mea […Elisabeth]…et Radulfo filio meo et uxore sua et ceteris liberis meis", by charter dated 1178, signed by "…Ebali filii comitis canonicorum…"[1107]. Canon at Reims 1180.

e) HENRI de Roucy (-1196). "Johannes comes Roceii et mater mea Elysabeth comitissa" confirmed the donations to Neufchâtel-sur-Aisne by "Henricus frater meus" on his deathbed and by "pater meus comes Wischardus…et frater meus Radulfus comes Roceii", with the consent of "uxoris nostre Beatricis", by charter dated 1196[1108].

f) BEATRIX de Roucy (-1180). The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

g) daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

3. EBLES de Roucy (-after 1154). "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1109].

4. HUGUES de Roucy (-after 1166). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names “Wichardum novissimum et Hugonem patrem Ebali de Bosco” as sons of "comes Hugo Cholez" & his wife[1110]. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1111]. 1166. Seigneur de Thony et de Bois. m EVA de Courlandon, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to the mother of "Ebali de Bosco" as "de Curia Landonis" but does not name her[1112]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified.

- du BOIS[1113].

5. CLEMENCE de Roucy . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Wiscardus et ceteri filii et filie" as children of "Hugo cognomento Cholez", specifying that one daughter (unnamed, mentioned second) married "Guermundus de Chastelun" by whom she had "Guermundum"[1114]. "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1115]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to one sister of "Wichardum novissimum et Hugonem" as mother of "Wormundi de Castellioni" but does not name her[1116]. m firstly RENAUD Seigneur de Rozoy [en-Thierache], son of ---. 1331/1387. m secondly GUERMOND de Châtillon Seigneur de Sevigny, son of ---.

6. HAVOIE de Roucy . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

7. SIBYLLE de Roucy (-after 1154). "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1117].

8. SARA [Agnes] de Roucy (-after 1154). "Hugo comes Roceiensis" donated property to "ecclesiam…in Eberneicurte", for the soul of "uxoris Richildis pie memorie", with the consent of "filiorum meorum Roberti Wiscardi et uxoris eius Elisabeth, Ebali et Hugonis et filiarum mearum Clementie, Sibille et Sare que cognominatur Agnes", by charter dated 1154[1118]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. m GUY Seigneur de Soupir, son of ---.

9. daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified.

The following small family group has not been connected with the above family.

1. HILDUIN . Comte de Roucy. m ---. The name of Hilduin's wife is not known. Hilduin & his wife had one child:

a) EBLES de Roucy . The Chronicon Lætiense names "Ebali, filius Hilduini comitis de Roci"[1119]. m PETRONILLA, daughter of ---. The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the burial in this church of "domina Petronilla et…eius dominus Ebalus"[1120]. Ebles & his wife had four children:

i) BEATRIX . The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the four daughters of "Ebali, filius Hilduini comitis de Roci", specifying that Beatrix (mentioned first) married "Walterus de Fontanis" and by him was mother of "Walterus miles inclitus et Alis"[1121]. The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the burial in this church of "Beatrix de Fontanis [et] …Walterus filius eius, ad dexteram vero Beatrix de Trivire, filia domine Ade Letiensis, ad sinistram domini Ebali Henricus, miles…filius Willelmi de Birbaco. Cuius Henrici frater Theodericus et uxor eius Basilia"[1122]. m GAUTHIER de Fontaine .

ii) daughter . The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the four daughters of "Ebali, filius Hilduini comitis de Roci", specifying that one (mentioned second, unnamed) married "Alardus de Castelin" and by him was mother of "Walterum et…Petronillam"[1123]. The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the burial in this church of "Heluidis de Castelin et…filius eius Walterus"[1124]. m ALARD de Châtelain .

iii) daughter . The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the four daughters of "Ebali, filius Hilduini comitis de Roci", specifying that one (mentioned third, unnamed) married "Henricus de Birbais" and by him was mother of "Willelmum"[1125]. m HENRI de Birbais .

iv) daughter . The Chronicon Lætiense refers to the four daughters of "Ebali, filius Hilduini comitis de Roci", specifying that one (mentioned fourth, unnamed) married "Willelmus de Alta-rippa" and by him was mother of "Philippum et Cononem. De Philippo nati sunt Clarembaudus et Iacobus archidiaconus Laudunensis ex matrona nobili Anfilis"[1126]. m GUILLAUME de Hauterive .

Chapter 11. COMTES de SAINT-POL

A. COMTES de SAINT-POL (ORIGINS)

1. [HUGUES [I] . Comte de Saint-Pol. No reference to this supposed Comte Hugues [I] has been found except the Historia Comitum Ghisnensium which records the marriage of his supposed daughter, as noted below. If the Historia is correct, Hugues [I] must have lived in the late 10th/early 11th century. However, the general unreliability of the Historia Comitum Ghisnensium as a source suggests that his existence should be treated with considerable caution. Maybe Comte Hugues [I] was not a historical person. m ---. The name of Hugues's wife is not known. Comte Hugues & his wife had one child]:

a) [ROSELLA . The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "filiam comitis Sancti Pauli…Hugonis…Rosellam" as wife of "Radulphus [comes Ghisnensi]"[1127]. As noted above, the existence of Hugues [I] Comte de Saint-Pol should be treated with caution. The accuracy of the Historia´s information concerning his supposed daughter is not known. m RAOUL Comte de Guines, son of ARDOLF Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Boulogne ([990/1000]-).]

1. ROGER, son of --- (-before 1075). Comte de Saint-Pol. "Rogerius comes de castro…Sancti Pauli cum coniuge mea…Haduis et filiis meis Manasse…et Rotberto" donated property to "monasterium…Fiscannus" by undated charter, dated to [1031][1128]. The abbot of Saint-Bertin agreed the administration "du domaine d´Heuchin" with "comes Rodgerus" by charter dated 1051, signed by "Balduini comitis, Athele comitisse, Rodgeri comitis, Manasse filii eius…"[1129]. 1067. m HAWISE, daughter of ---. "Rogerius comes de castro…Sancti Pauli cum coniuge mea…Haduis et filiis meis Manasse…et Rotberto" donated property to "monasterium…Fiscannus" by undated charter, dated to [1031][1130]. Comte Roger & his wife had two children:

a) MANASSES . "Rogerius comes de castro…Sancti Pauli cum coniuge mea…Haduis et filiis meis Manasse…et Rotberto" donated property to "monasterium…Fiscannus" by undated charter, dated to [1031][1131]. The abbot of Saint-Bertin agreed the administration "du domaine d´Heuchin" with "comes Rodgerus" by charter dated 1051, signed by "…Rodgeri comitis, Manasse filii eius…"[1132]. [1031]/1056.

b) ROBERT . "Rogerius comes de castro…Sancti Pauli cum coniuge mea…Haduis et filiis meis Manasse…et Rotberto" donated property to "monasterium…Fiscannus" by undated charter, dated to [1031][1133]. 1056.

Two brothers, parents not known.

1. GUY [I] (-after 1091). Comte de Saint-Pol. 1075/1078. "Wido comes Pontivensis, frater eius Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo, Eustachius comes Boloniensis, Robertus Bituniensis…" signed the charter dated 1091 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin and "Manasses comes Gisnensis" made an agreement relating to serfs[1134].

2. HUGUES [II] de Saint-Pol (-[1118/19]). "Wido comes Pontivensis, frater eius Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo, Eustachius comes Boloniensis, Robertus Bituniensis…" signed the charter dated 1091 under which the abbot of Saint-Bertin and "Manasses comes Gisnensis" made an agreement relating to serfs[1135]. Comte de Saint-Pol. William of Tyre names Hugues Comte de Saint-Pol among those who left on the First Crusade in 1096 with Robert Count of Flanders[1136]. Albert of Aix names "…Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo, Engilrandus eiusdem Hugonis filius miles…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[1137]. Willam of Tyre records the presence at the capture of Acre in 1098 of "Hugo de Sancto Paulo et Engelrandus filius eius"[1138]. Albert of Aix records that "Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo ex regno Franciæ…[et] filium suum Engilrandum" captured Turkish prisoners, dated to late 1098 from the context[1139]. m (before 1091) HELISSENDE de Montreuil, daughter of ENGUERRAND [II] Comte de Montreuil & his wife Adelais de Normandie. "Comes Hugo de Sancto Paulo" donated property to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "uxoris sue Helisendis filiorumque suorum Ingelranni et Hugonis" by charter dated 17 Jun 1095[1140]. The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. Comte Hugues [II] & his wife had two children:

a) ENGUERRAND de Saint-Pol (-killed in battle Marah [1098/99], bur basilica St Andrew). "Comes Hugo de Sancto Paulo" donated property to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "uxoris sue Helisendis filiorumque suorum Ingelranni et Hugonis" by charter dated 17 Jun 1095[1141]. Albert of Aix names "…Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo, Engilrandus eiusdem Hugonis filius miles…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[1142]. Albert of Aix records that "Hugo comes de Sancto Paulo ex regno Franciæ…[et] filium suum Engilrandum" captured Turkish prisoners, dated to late 1098 from the context[1143]. William of Tyre records the presence at the capture of Acre in 1098 of "Hugo de Sancto Paulo et Engelrandus filius eius" and the death of "adolescens Engelrandus filius domini Hugonis comitis Sancti Pauli" at the battle of Marah[1144]. Albert of Aix records the death of "Engelram fils du comte Hugues" from illness at Marah and his burial in the basilica of St Andrew, dated to late 1098/early 1099 from the context[1145].

b) HUGUES [III] de Saint-Pol "Candavène" (-1145 or after). "Comes Hugo de Sancto Paulo" donated property to the abbey of Molesme with the consent of "uxoris sue Helisendis filiorumque suorum Ingelranni et Hugonis" by charter dated 17 Jun 1095[1146]. Comte de Saint-Pol 1122. "Hugo de Sancto Paulo cognomen habens Campdaveine" donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg, in the presence of Charles Count of Flanders, by charter dated 7 Jul 1123[1147]. Comte d'Hesdin 1129 and 1135. He was excommunicated in 1136. He founded the abbey of Clairfayt[1148]. "Hugo Candavene" founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1149]. "Hugo Candavena comes S. Pauli" donated property to Fécamp by charter dated 1141[1150]. m firstly ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly ([1128]) as her second husband, MARGUERITE de Clermont, widow of CHARLES Count of Flanders, daughter of RENAUD [II] Comte de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis & his first wife Adelais Ctss de Vermandois [Carolingian] ([1104/05]-after 1145). The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ names "nobilem puellam Margaretam, Reinaldi comitis Clarmontensis filiam" as wife of Count Charles, specifying that the marriage took place before his accession[1151]. It is assumed that Marguerite was born soon after her parents' marriage as her mother was already nearly 40 years old at the time. The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses refers to (but does not name) the daughter of "comes de Claromonte" and his wife Adela, specifying that she married firstly Charles Count of Flanders, secondly "Hugo Champdaveine…comes Sancti Pauli" by whom she had "Radulfus Champdaveine et Guod Champdaveine", and thirdly "dominus Balduinus de Encra" by whom she had "domini Galteri de Helli"[1152]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to, but does not name, the daughter of "comes Rainaldus [de Claromonte]" and his wife Adelaide as the wife of "comes Karolus Flandre"[1153]. It is assumed that Marguerite was born soon after her parents' marriage as her mother was already nearly 40 years old at the time. She married thirdly Baudouin d'Encre. Comte Hugues [III] & his first wife had three children:

i) ENGUERRAND de Saint-Pol "Candavène" (-1170 or after). "Hugo Candavene " founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1154]. Comte de Saint-Pol 1143. "Ingelrannus…de Sancto Paulo comes" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "Anselmo fratre meo" by charter dated 1153[1155]. m as her first husband, IDA d'Avesnes, daughter of NICOLAS Seigneur d'Avesnes & his wife Mathilde de la Roche [Namur] (-[1205]). The primary source which confirms her first marriage has not yet been identified. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "Iacobum et Idam castellanam Sancti Audemari" as children of "Nicolao de Avenes" & his wife[1156]. The Chronicon Hanoniense refers to the daughter of "Nicholaus filius [Walteri…de Avethnes]" & his wife as "Willelmo…castellano Sancti Audomari maritatam"[1157]. She married secondly (before 1171) as his first wife, Guillaume [IV] Châtelain de Saint Omer Seigneur de Fauquemberques.

ii) HUGUES de Saint-Pol . "Hugo Candavene" founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1158]. 1145.

iii) ANSELME de Saint-Pol "Candavène" (-1175 or after). "Hugo Candavene " founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1159]. "Ingelrannus…de Sancto Paulo comes" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "Anselmo fratre meo" by charter dated 1153[1160]. Seigneur de Lucheux 1162. Seigneur de Tarentefirt 1169. Comte de Saint-Pol 1170.

- see below.

Comte Hugues [III] & his second wife had three children:

iv) RAOUL de Saint-Pol . "Hugo Candavene" founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1161]. The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses refers to (but does not name) the daughter of "comes de Claromonte" and his wife Adela, specifying that she married secondly "Hugo Champdaveine…comes Sancti Pauli" by whom she had "Radulfus Champdaveine et Guod Champdaveine"[1162]. 1137/1162.

v) GUY de Saint-Pol "Candavène" . "Hugo Candavene " founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1163]. The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses refers to (but does not name) the daughter of "comes de Claromonte" and his wife Adela, specifying that she married secondly "Hugo Champdaveine…comes Sancti Pauli" by whom she had "Radulfus Champdaveine et Guod Champdaveine"[1164]. "Guido Campus Avene nepos meus" witnessed the charter dated 1162 under which "Radulfus…comes Clarimontis" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp[1165]. Seigneur de Beauval. 1137/1162.

vi) BEATRIX de Saint-Pol (-after 1192). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m ROBERT de Coucy Seigneur de Boves, son of THOMAS Comte d´Amiens, Seigneur de Coucy & his third wife Mélisende de Crècy (-killed in battle Acre 19 Jun 1191).

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the following members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

ANSELME de Saint-Pol "Candavène", son of HUGUES [III] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his first wife --- (-1175 or after). "Hugo Candavene" founded the abbey of Cercamp, with the consent of "filii eius Engelrandus et Hugo, Anselmus, Radulfus et Wido", by charter dated 1137[1166]. "Ingelrannus…de Sancto Paulo comes" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "Anselmo fratre meo" by charter dated 1153[1167]. Seigneur de Lucheux 1162. Seigneur de Tarentefirt 1169. Comte de Saint-Pol 1170.

m firstly ---.

m secondly EUSTACHIE, divorced wife of GEOFFREY de Mandeville Earl of Essex, daughter of --- & his wife Isabelle (-before 12 Nov 1164). Relative of Henry II King of England [1168].

m thirdly as her first husband, MATHILDE, daughter of ---. 1202. She married secondly Hugues de Chaumont.

Comte Anselme & his first wife had five children:

1. ENGUERRAND de Saint-Pol . Seigneur de Beauval 1164/1188.

2. MARGUERITE de Saint-Pol . Her parentage is confirmed by Villehardouin who records that "Count Hugh of St Paul, Peter of Amiens his nephew…" formed the third division in the attack on Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204[1169]. 1183/1219. m (before 1190) DREUX Châtelain d'Amiens, son of ADELELME [II] Châtelain d´Amiens & his wife Ada --- (-[1194/95]).

3. FLANDRINE de Saint-Pol . ---. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium names "Flandrinam comitis Sancti-Pauli Hugonis neptem" as wife of "Willelmum de Ghisnis [filium Willelmi Andomarensis castellanus]"[1170]. 1202. m GUILLAUME de Guines, son of ARNOUL [I] Comte de Guines & his wife Mathilde de Saint-Omer. 1177/1217.

4. MARIE de Saint-Pol . 1202.

5. BEATRIX de Saint-Pol . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not yet been identified. "Johannes comes Pontivi" confirmed rights of the monks of Val, with the consent of "Guidonis fratris mei et Beatricis comitisse uxoris mee", by charter dated 1177, which also names "mater mea Ida comitissa"[1171]. 1202. m (before 4 Dec 1170) as his third wife, JEAN [I] Comte de Ponthieu, son of GUY [II] Comte de Ponthieu & his wife Ida --- (-Acre 30 Jun 1191).

Comte Anselme & his third wife had two children:

6. HUGUES [IV] de Saint-Pol "Candavène" (-Feb 1205). Comte de Saint-Pol 1175. On crusade 1192 and 1200. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1172]. Villehardouin records that "Count Hugh of St Paul, Peter of Amiens his nephew…" formed the third division in the attack on Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204[1173]. Lord of Didymotika 1204. m ([1178]) as her second husband, YOLANDE de Hainaut, widow of IVES [II] de Nesle Comte de Soissons, daughter of BAUDOUIN IV Comte de Hainaut & his wife Alix de Namur ([1131/35]-after Apr 1202). The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Yolandem, Agnetem, Lauretam" as the daughters of "Alidis comitissa Hanonensis …cum viro Balduino comite", specifying that Yolande married firstly "Ivo senior…comes Suessonis dominusque Nigelle", but was childless by her first husband, and married secondly "Hugonis Sancti Pauli", recording in a later passage that she was 47 years old at the time of her second marriage in 1178[1174], although her age is probably exaggerated considering that she gave birth to two children by her second husband. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names (in order) "comitem Balduinum, Henricum de Seburgo et quatuor sorores" as children of "comiti Balduini de Haynaco", naming one daughter (second among those listed) "cometissa Suessionensis Hyolenz" specifying that she later married "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo"[1175]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1176]. Comte Hugues [IV] & his wife had two children:

a) ELISABETH de Saint-Pol ([1179]-before 1240). The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Elizabeth et Eustachium" as the children of "Hugonis Sancti Pauli" & his wife[1177]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[1178]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1179]. "Galcherius de Castelione montis Gaii dominus" donated property to Tremblay "pro salute anima…fratris mei Guidonis" with the consent of "Elisabeth uxoris mee" by charter dated Jan 1205[1180]. Ctss de Saint-Pol 1205. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium refers to the wife of "Waltheri de Castellione" as "filiam Hugonis comitis Sancti-Pauli"[1181]. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233 under which her son “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus”[1182], although the last phrase suggests doubt about whether the couple was actually married. m firstly (1196) GAUCHER [III] Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne, son of GUY [II] Seigneur de Châtillon & his wife Alix de Dreux [Capet] (-killed in battle Oct 1219). Comte de Saint-Pol. m secondly (1231) JEAN de Béthune, son of GUILLAUME [III] de Béthune & his wife Mathilde van Dendermonde (-before 1240).

b) EUSTACHE de Saint-Pol ([1180]-before 1241). The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Elizabeth et Eustachium" as the children of "Hugonis Sancti Pauli" & his wife[1183]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[1184]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1185]. m (before 1200) JEAN [II] de Nesle, son of JEAN Seigneur de Nesle, de Falvy et de Hérelle & his wife Elisabeth van Peteghem (-23 Dec 1239). Châtelain de Bruges 1200.

7. GUY de Saint-Pol (-1202 or after). Seneschal of Ponthieu 1196/1197.

B. COMTES de SAINT-POL (CHÂTILLON)

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the members of this family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

GAUCHER [III] de Châtillon, son of GUY [II] Seigneur de Châtillon & his wife Alix de Dreux [Capet] (-killed in battle Oct 1219). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "comitis Galtheri de Sancto Paulo" as son of "Guidonem [filii Galtheiro de Monteis]i"[1186]. Seigneur de Châtillon, de Toissy, de Crécy et de Pierrefonds. Comte de Saint-Pol. The Red Book of the Exchequer records "comes Sancti Pauli" holding two knights´ fees "in Roinges, Donmawe, Alferstone" in Essex, Hertfordshire in [1210/12][1187].

m (1196) as her first husband, ELISABETH de Saint-Pol, daughter of HUGUES [IV] "Candavène" Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Yolande de Hainaut (-before 1240). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ysabellam uxorem comitis Galtheri de Castellione, qui per uxorem factus est comes de Sancto Paulo, et Eustaciam uxorem Iohannis de Nigella" as children of "comiti Hugoni de Sancto Paulo" & his wife[1188]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names (in order) "Elizabeth et Eustachium" as the children of "Hugonis Sancti Pauli" & his wife[1189]. "Hugo comes S. Pauli et Jole uxor mea" donated property to the church of Thérouanne with the consent of "generorum meorum Galteri de Castellione et Johannis domini de Nigella et filiarum mearum Elilzabeth et Eustathiæ" by charter dated Jan 1201[1190]. "Galcherius de Castelione montis Gaii dominus" donated property to Tremblay "pro salute anima…fratris mei Guidonis" with the consent of "Elisabeth uxoris mee" by charter dated Jan 1205[1191]. Ctss de Saint-Pol 1205. The Historia Comitum Ghisnensium refers to the wife of "Waltheri de Castellione" as "filiam Hugonis comitis Sancti-Pauli"[1192]. She married secondly (1231) Jean de Béthune. Her second marriage is confirmed by the charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233 under which her son “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus”[1193], although the last phrase suggests doubt about whether the couple was actually married.

Comte Gaucher & his wife had four children:

1. GUY [I] de Châtillon (-killed in battle Avignon 8 Aug 1226). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Guido primogenitus Galtheri de Sancti Paolo" when recording his marriage[1194]. He succeeded his father in 1219 as Comte de Saint-Pol. Seigneur de Montjay et de Broigny. The Chronique de Guillaume de Nangis records that "Gui comte de Saint-Paul" was killed at Avignon in 1226 "d'une pierre lancée d'un pierrier"[1195]. The Chronicon Turonense records that "Guido Comes Sancti-Pauli" was killed "VI Id Aug" in 1226 during the assault on Avignon[1196]. m (1221) AGNES de Donzy, daughter of HERVE [IV] de Donzy Comte de Nevers & his wife Mathilde de Courtenay Ctss de Nevers, d'Auxerre et de Tonnerre (-1225). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records that "comiti Herveo Nivernensi…filia" was betrothed to "Philippo primogenitor domni Ludovici", and that after he died she married "Guido primogenitus Galtheri de Sancti Paolo"[1197]. The Chronique de Guillaume de Nangis records in 1222 the marriage of the daughter of "Henri comte de Nevers" and "Gui comte de Saint-Paul"[1198]. She succeeded her father in 1222 as Dame de Donzy. Comte Guy [I] & his wife had two children:

a) YOLANDE de Châtillon ([1221/22]-1254). The estimated birth date of Yolande's first child is [1234/35]. If this is correct (bearing in mind that it would mean that Yolande was no older than 13 when she gave birth), she must have been her parents' first child, born soon after their marriage. Heiress of the county of Nevers. m ([30 May 1228]) ARCHAMBAUD de Bourbon, son of ARCHAMBAUD [VIII] "le Grand" Sire de Bourbon [Dampierre] & his first wife Guigone de Forez (-Cyprus 15 Jan 1249).

b) GAUCHER de Châtillon (-Munyat Abu Abdallah, Egypt 6 Apr 1251). Seigneur de Montjay, de Broigny, de Donzy et de Saint-Aignan. Heir of the county of Nevers. Matthew of Paris records that "Gautherus quoque de Chasteillun" was captured in the battle in which Louis IX King of France was captured (Faraskur 6 Apr 1250) and brought to the caliph[1199]. m (contract Dec 1236, before 1241) JEANNE de France Ctss de Boulogne, daughter of PHILIPPE "Hurepel" de France Comte de Clermont et de Boulogne & his wife Mathilde Ctss de Dammartin et de Boulogne (1219-14 Jan 1252). The marriage contract between “Hues de Chastelon, cuens de Saint Pol et de Blois…Gauchier son neveu” and “madame la contesse de Bouloingne Mahaut…sa fylle Jehanne” is dated Dec 1236[1200]. A charter dated Nov 1242 records a declaration by "Mathildis comtissa Bolonie…cum…marito nostro Alfonso filio…regis Portugalie comiti Bolonie" relating to her testament and names "Gaucherus de Castellione et Johanna filia nostra uxor eiusdem, heredes nostri"[1201]. The Chronicon Savigniacense records the death in 1258 (presumably O. S.) of "Matildis Comitissa Boloniæ" and the reversion of her county to the king[1202].

2. HUGUES [I] de Châtillon (- 9 Apr 1248). “Hugo de Castellione, quondam filius Sancti Pauli comitis” founded the abbey of “Pons Beate Marie” by charter dated Apr 1226[1203]. He succeeded his father in 1219 as Seigneur de Châtillon, de Troissy, de Crècy et d'Ancre. He succeeded as Comte de Blois in 1231, by right of his second wife. He succeeded in 1240 as Comte de Saint-Pol.

- see below.

3. EUSTACHIE de Châtillon . "Eustacia domini Galcheri de Castillione comitis Sti Pauli filia, uxor…Danielis advocati Attrebatensis ac domini Bettuniensis" confirmed her husband´s donation to the canons of Arras by charter dated Feb 1218[1204]. m firstly DANIEL de Béthune, son of GUILLAUME [III] de Béthune & his wife Mathilde van Dendermonde (-1227 or after). m secondly as his first wife, ROBERT [II] de Wavrin Seneschal of Flanders, son of --- (-1273 or after).

4. BEATRIX de Châtillon . m AUBERT de Hangest Seigneur de Genlis, son of ---.

HUGUES [I] de Châtillon, son of GAUCHER [III] Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Marne Comte de Saint-Pol & his wife Elisabeth Ctss de Saint-Pol (- 9 Apr 1248). “Hugo de Castellione, quondam filius Sancti Pauli comitis” founded the abbey of “Pons Beate Marie” by charter dated Apr 1226[1205]. He succeeded his father in 1219 as Seigneur de Châtillon, de Troissy, de Crècy et d'Ancre. He succeeded as Comte de Blois in 1231, by right of his second wife. “Hugo comes Sancti Pauli” did homage to Louis IX King of France for the lands of “mater mea I. comitissa Sancti Pauli et Johannes de Bethunia, qui dicebatur eius maritus” by charter dated [2/30] Apr 1233[1206]. He succeeded in 1240 as Comte de Saint-Pol. Matthew of Paris records the death at Avignon of "Hugo de Chastellone comes Sancti Pauli et de Bles" while crossing France on his way to join the Crusade[1207]. The necrology of Chartres cathedral records the death "V Id Apr" of "Hugo de Castellione comes Sancti Pauli", stating that "uxorem Mariam" donated property for his soul[1208].

m firstly AGNES de Bar, daughter of THIBAUT I Comte de Bar & his second wife Ermesinde de Bar-sur-Seine (-before 1225). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

m secondly MARIE d'Avesnes, daughter of GAUTHIER [II] Seigneur d'Avesnes, Comte de Blois & his wife Marguerite Ctss de Blois (-after 12 Apr 1241). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "unicam…filiam Mariam" as child of "dominus Galterus filius [Jacobi] primogeniti" and his wife, adding that she married "comiti Sancti-Pauli Hugoni"[1209]. She succeeded her mother in 1231 as Ctss de Blois. The testament of “Maria comitissa Blesis et Sancti Pauli” is dated 12 Apr 1241 and names “dominus meus Hugo de Castellione comes Sancti Pauli et Blesis et…matertera mea Ysabellis comitissa Carnotensis…Richardo de Bellomonte et…consanguinea mea Matildi uxore sua”[1210].

m thirdly MATHILDE de Guines, daughter of ARNOUL [II] Comte de Guines & his wife Beatrix de Bourbourg. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Some doubt must be cast on this marriage by the necrology of Chartres cathedral which records the death "V Id Apr" of "Hugo de Castellione comes Sancti Pauli", stating that "uxorem Mariam" donated property for his soul[1211].

Comte Hugues & his second wife had four children:

1. JEAN (-28 Jun 1279). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Joannem, Guidonem et Galterum" as the three children of "comiti Sancti-Pauli Hugoni" and his wife[1212]. He succeeded in 1249 as Comte de Blois, de Chartres et de Dunois. Seigneur d'Avesnes, de Guise et de Leuze.

- COMTES de BLOIS.

2. GUY [II] (after 1226-12 Mar 1289, bur Chercamp). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Joannem, Guidonem et Galterum" as the three children of "comiti Sancti-Pauli Hugoni" and his wife[1213]. He succeeded in 1249 as Comte de Saint-Pol. "Guido de Castillione comes Sancti Pauli" confirmed the transfer of the canons from the church "infra munitionem castri mei" made by "bone memoriæ Hugo de Castillione comes Sancti Pauli quondam pater meus", by charter dated mid-May 1251[1214]. Seigneur d'Ancre et d'Aubigny-en-Artois. m (Naples before 31 May 1254) as his second wife, MATHILDE de Brabant, widow of ROBERT [I] Comte d'Artois, daughter of HENRI II Duke of Brabant & his first wife Maria von Hohenstaufen (1224-29 Sep 1288, bur Abbey of Cercamp, Artois). The Oude Kronik van Brabant names (in order) "Mechtildim comitissam Atrebatensem et Sancti Pauli, Mariam comitissam palatinam Reni, Beatricem lantgraviam Thuringie postea comitissam Flandrie, et Margaretam sanctiomonialem, postea abbatissam in Valle Ducis" as the daughters of "Henricus secundus et quintus dux Brabancie" and his first wife Marie[1215]. The Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Heredum Franciæ names "Machtildis" as oldest of the four daughters of "Henricus…secundus dux" and his wife Maria, and her first husband "Roberto comitis Attrebatensi, filio Regis Francie", their children "Robertum comitem Attrebatensem et unam filiam", and her second husband "comiti Sancti Pauli" referring to but not naming their sons and daughters[1216]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the marriage "apud Conpendium in octavis Pentecostes" of "Francie frater regis Robertus" and "Mathilde filia ducis Brabantie"[1217]. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Johannes…fratri Guidoni [comes] Sancti Pauli" married "Macthildem filiam Henrici ducis Brabantiæ, relictam comitis Atrebatensis Roberti"[1218]. Comte Guy [II] & his wife had five children:

a) HUGUES [II] (-1307). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Hugonem comitem Blesensem qui nunc est, et Guidonem nunc comitem Sancti-Pauli, et Jacobum dominum Lutosæ" as the children of "Johannes…fratri Guidoni [comes] Sancti Pauli" and his wife[1219]. He succeeded in 1292 as Comte de Blois et de Dunois. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that, after the death in 1291 of "Johanna comitissa Blesis", "eius consanguinei comes sancti Pauli...Hugo et fratres ipsius, atque Galtherius Castellionis dominus" divided her inheritance, specifying that "Hugo" left "comitatum sancti Pauli" to "Guidoni fratri suo"[1220].

- COMTES de BLOIS.

b) GUY [III] (-6 Apr 1317). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Hugonem comitem Blesensem qui nunc est, et Guidonem nunc comitem Sancti-Pauli, et Jacobum dominum Lutosæ" as the children of "Johannes…fratri Guidoni [comes] Sancti Pauli" and his wife[1221]. He succeeded as Comte de Saint-Pol. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that, after the death in 1291 of "Johanna comitissa Blesis", "eius consanguinei comes sancti Pauli...Hugo et fratres ipsius, atque Galtherius Castellionis dominus" divided her inheritance, specifying that "Hugo" left "comitatum sancti Pauli" to "Guidoni fratri suo"[1222]. m (22 Jul 1292) MARIE de Bretagne, daughter of JEAN II Duke of Brittany & his wife Beatrix of England (1268-5 May 1339, bur Abbaye de Cercamp). Heiress of Clermont. Dame d'Elincourt et d'Arleux 1317.

- COMTES de SAINT-POL[1223].

c) JACQUES [I] (-killed in battle Courtrai 11 Jul 1302). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Hugonem comitem Blesensem qui nunc est, et Guidonem nunc comitem Sancti-Pauli, et Jacobum dominum Lutosæ" as the children of "Johannes…fratri Guidoni [comes] Sancti Pauli" and his wife[1224]. Seigneur de Leuze, de Condé, de Carency, de Huquoy et d'Aubigny. m (before 1297) as her second husband, CATHERINE de Condé, widow of RENAUD Sire de Culant, daughter of NICOLAS Seigneur de Condé & his wife Catherine de Cavon Dame de Carency en Artois (-after 20 May 1329). Dame de Buquoy, de Duisant et d´Aubigny.

- SEIGNEURS de CONDE, de LEUZE et de BLAIS[1225].

d) BEATRIX (-Saint-Pol 1304, bur Abbaye de Cercamp). The Chronique des comtes d´Eu, written in 1390, records that "Jehan fils du dit Alphons" married "Bietrix de Saint Pol, fille au conte de Saint Pol", adding that she was reputed "la plus belle qui fust en France" and that it was rumoured that she was "femme au roy Philippes le Biax"[1226]. m JEAN de Brienne Comte d'Eu, son of ALPHONSE de Brienne Comte d'Eu & his wife Marie de Lusignan Ctss d'Eu (-Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 12 Jun 1294, bur Foucarmont).

e) JEANNE . m ([1272]) as his first wife, GUILLAUME [III] de Chauvigny Seigneur de Châteauroux, son of GUILLAUME [II] de Chauvigny Seigneur de Châteauroux & his wife Agnes [Agathe] de Lusignan (-2 May 1322, bur Châteauroux).

3. GAUCHER [IV] (-1261). The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis names "Joannem, Guidonem et Galterum" as the three children of "comiti Sancti-Pauli Hugoni" and his wife, adding that "Galterus tertius filius dicti Hugonis" inherited "terram…de Cretiaco" and married "filia domini Triangulensis" by whom he fathered "unicum…filium Galtherum"[1227]. Seigneur de Châtillon, de Crècy, de Crèvecœur, de Troissy et de Marigny. m (before 1258) ISABELLE de Villehardouin dite de Lesignes, daughter of --- (-after 1265).

- SEIGNEURS de CHÂTILLON, COMTES de PORCEAN[1228]. The Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records that, after the death in 1291 of "Johanna comitissa Blesis", "eius consanguinei comes sancti Pauli...Hugo et fratres ipsius, atque Galtherius Castellionis dominus" divided her inheritance, specifying that "Hugo" left "comitatum sancti Pauli" to "Guidoni fratri suo"[1229].

4. HUGUES [II] (-1255).

Chapter 12. COMTES de VALOIS et du VEXIN

RAOUL de Mantes, son of GAUTHIER [II] "le Blanc" Comte d´Amiens et du Vexin, Comte de Mantes & his wife Adela --- (-1060). "Walterius comes" donated property "prope nostrum castellum…Medanta" to "Carnotensi monasterio Sancti Petri", for the soul of "coniugis mee Adelidis filiorumque meorum", by charter to [1006], signed by "Walterii comitis, Rodulfi filii eius, Drogonis filii eius…"[1230]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Rodulfum" as son of "Gauterus Albus de Albamarla"[1231]. Comte de Valois et d'Amiens. "Comes Drogo…cum duobus fratribus Fulcone…et Rodulpho necnon uxore cum filiis supra memorati Drogonis" are named in a charter of "Robertus Rex" dated 1030[1232].

m ADELA [Alix] de Breteuil, daughter of HILDUIN [Gilduin] de Breteuil Vicomte de Chartres & his wife Emmeline de [Châteaudun] (-11 Sep 1051). The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified.

Comte Raoul & his wife had two children:

1. RAOUL [III] “le Grand” (-Péronne 23 Feb or 8 Sep 1074, bur Montdidier, later transferred to Crépy-en-Valois, église collégiale Saint-Arnoul). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Rodulfum" as son of "Rodulfum [filii Gauteri Albus de Albamarla]"[1233]. He succeeded [1030/35] as Comte de Valois. He headed the resistance to Henri I King of France from the death of Eudes II Comte de Blois in 1038, and as such led the campaigns of Beauvaisis in 1041[1234]. He succeeded his cousin Gautier [III] as Comte d'Amiens et du Vexin. "Comes Rodulfus et filius meus Walterus et Simon…" donated property to Montiérender by undated charter[1235]. First conseiller in the royal council, he was one of the most powerful and influential nobles in the kingdom. He was excommunicated because of the scandal of his third marriage, he reappeared at court only in 1070. "Rodulphus…Ambianensis comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d'Amiens, with the consent of "Simon filius meus et Gualterus, Gualteri Tyrelli natus", by charter dated 1069, subscribed by "Anna uxor eius"[1236]. "Symon comes Barrensium" donated property to the abbey of Molesme for the souls of "parentum suorum Radulfi…comitis et Walterii fratris suis et matris sue Adele" by undated charter, the entry stating that "Radulfus comes" died "VIII Kal Mar"[1237]. m firstly as her fourth husband, AELIS de Bar-sur-Aube, widow firstly of RENAUD de Semur-en-Brionnais, secondly of RENARD Comte de Joigny and thirdly of ROGER [I] avoué de Vignory, daughter and heiress of NOCHER [III] Comte de Bar-sur-Aube et de Vitry-en-Perthois & his wife --- (-11 Sep 1053). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Adala" wife of "comitis Veromandie [error for Valois] Rodolfi" and mother of "Symonem et filiam…Adala", but does not give her origin[1238]. The Acta Sanctorum commentary on the life of St Simon de Valois records that "Rodulpho (Simonis genitori)" married three wives, firstly "Adela, Nocheri Barrensis ad Albam comtis filia, Notheri comitis Suessionum neptis, Archardi proneptis" who had previously married "Rainaldum de Sinemuro, Rainardum comitem de Jooniaco, Rotgerium de Wangionis ripa"[1239]. Her origin is indicated by the undated charter under which her son "Symon comes Barrensium" donated property to the abbey of Molesme for the souls of "parentum suorum Radulfi…comitis et Walterii fratris suis et matris sue Adele"[1240]. "Symon comes Barrensium" donated property to the abbey of Molesme for the souls of "parentum suorum Radulfi…comitis et Walterii fratris suis et matris sue Adele" by undated charter, the entry stating that "Adelina comitissa" died "III Id Sep"[1241]. m secondly (repudiated 1060) ALIENOR "Haquenez", daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Heiress of Montdidier et Péronne. Pope Alexander II wrote to Gervais Archbishop of Reims in 1062 recording that "comes Radulfus" had repudiated his (unnamed) wife on false charges of adultery and requiring him to take her back[1242]. m thirdly ([1061]) as her second husband, ANNA Iaroslavna, widow of HENRI I King of France, daughter of IAROSLAV I Vladimirovich "Mudriy/the Wise" Grand Prince of Kiev & his second wife Ingigerd Olafsdottir of Sweden (1036-5 Sep ([1075/78], bur Abbaye Villiers near La-Ferté-Alais). The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum records the marriage of "filiam regis Russorum Annam" with King Henri[1243]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Anna filia Georgii regis Sclavonum" as wife of King Henri[1244]. Consecrated Queen Consort at Reims on her wedding day. Queen Anna caused a scandal in France by her second marriage and was forced to leave the court, although she returned after her second husband's death in 1074[1245]. The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum records the marriage of "Anna, Henrici relicta" and "Rodulfo comitis"[1246]. "Rodulphus…Ambianensis comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d'Amiens, with the consent of "Simon filius meus et Gualterus, Gualteri Tyrelli natus", by charter dated 1069, subscribed by "Anna uxor eius"[1247]. Comte Raoul III & his first wife had five children:

a) GAUTHIER (-in battle 6 Sep [1065/1067]). "Comes Rodulfus et filius meus Walterus et Simon…" donated property to Montiérender by undated charter[1248]. "Symon comes Barrensium" donated property to the abbey of Molesme for the souls of "parentum suorum Radulfi…comitis et Walterii fratris suis et matris sue Adele" by undated charter, the entry stating that "Walterius comes" died "VIII Id Sep"[1249]. Comte de Bar-sur-Aube.

b) SIMON (-Rome [30 Sep/1 Oct] 1080, bur 1082 Rome St Peter). "Comes Rodulfus et filius meus Walterus et Simon…" donated property to Montiérender by undated charter[1250]. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Symonem et filiam…Adala" children of "comitis Veromandie [error for Valois] Rodolfi" and his wife Adela[1251]. "Rodulphus…Ambianensis comes" donated property to Sainte-Marie d'Amiens, with the consent of "Simon filius meus et Gualterus, Gualteri Tyrelli natus", by charter dated 1069, subscribed by "Anna uxor eius"[1252]. Comte de Valois, d'Amiens, de Montdidier et de Bar-sur-Aube. The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum names "Symon filius eius" as successor of "Vadensium comes Rodulfus", recording that he resigned the county and went on a pilgrimage to Rome where he died and was buried "in portico sancti Petri"[1253]. He was educated by Mathilde de Flandre, wife of William I King of England, but rejected the betrothal to his daughter[1254]. "Symon comes Barrensium" donated property to the abbey of Molesme for the souls of "parentum suorum Radulfi…comitis et Walterii fratris suis et matris sue Adele" by undated charter[1255]. He resigned his county in 1077 and became a monk. "Symon comes…effectus monacus" is named in a charter dated [1076?] under which Philippe I King of France confirmed his donations to Cluny[1256]. He went on pilgrimage to Rome where he died[1257]. The necrology of the Priory of Saint-Martin-des-Champs records the death "Kal Oct" of "Simon comes"[1258]. [Betrothed ([after 1069]) to AGATHE de Normandie, daughter of WILLIAM I King of England & his wife Mathilde de Flandre ([1064]-before 1074, bur Bayeux Cathedral). The Vita Simonis records a ficitional speech of William I King of England in which he offers his (unnamed) daughter's hand to Simon, specifying that she had previously been betrothed to "regis Hispaniarum Anfursi et Roberti principis Apuliæ"[1259]. The supposed betrothal to Robert of Apulia (which would have to be Robert "Guiscard" Duke of Apulia) is unrecorded in the numerous other sources dealing with his life and is probably pure fiction. This does not inspire confidence with respect to the historical accuracy of the whole passage, but if it is correct the daughter in question would presumably have been Agatha whose betrothal to "Amfursio regi Galliciæ" (presumably Alfonso VI King of Galicia and León, later King of Castile) is recorded by Orderic Vitalis[1260].] Betrothed (before 1077) to --- de la Marche, daughter of AUDEBERT [II] Comte de la Marche et du Périgueux & his wife Ponce ---. The Vita Simonis, interpolated in the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines, records the betrothal of "comes Symon" and "filiam comitis Hildeberti de Alvernis", specifying that Simon fled "ad monasterio de Casa Dei" without his father's knowledge before the marriage[1261].

c) [ELISABETH] de Valois (-[12 May 1093/1101]). The primary source which confirms her name, her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Dame de Châteauvillain et d'Arc-en-Barrois. m BARTHELEMY Sire de Broyes et de Beaufort, son of HUGUES [I] "Bardoul" Seigneur de Broyes, de Beaufort et de Pithiviers & his wife --- (-after 1072).

d) ADELAIS de Valois (-after 1077). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Symonem et filiam…Adala" as children of "comitis Veromandie [error for Valois] Rodolfi" and his wife Adela[1262]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Ctss de Valois. "Herbertus Vermandensium et Vadascorum comes" donated property to the church of Saint-Quentin and others, with the consent of "Alide coniugis meæ", by charter dated 1059 (date unlikely to be correct, considering that Héribert did not succeed as Comte de Valois until 1077)[1263]. m ([1059 or before]) HERIBERT [VI] Comte de Vermandois, son of EUDES Comte de Vermandois & his wife Pavia --- ([1032]-[1080]).

e) ADELA [Alix] de Valois (-12 May [1093/1100], bur Saint-Faron). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Alaydis soror sancti Symonis" as wife of "comiti Campanie Theobaldo" but confuses her with her niece Adelais, daughter of Héribert [IV] Comte de Vermandois, saying that she married "Hugoni fratri regis Philippi" after the death of her husband[1264]. "Teobaudus comes palatinus…cum mulierum Adelaide" donated property to Montiérender by charter dated [1077/81] which names "bone memorie predecessorum…patris sui Odonis comitis et Heriberto cognomento senioris…comes Rodulfus predecessor suus et propinquus"[1265], the latter presumably referring to the father-in-law of Comte Thibaut III. "Adeladis comitisse" subscribed the donation to Cluny by "Rotrocus castri Mauritanie comes atque Dunensis castri vicecomes" dated 11 Jan 1078, immediately after "Tetbaldi comitis, Stephani comitis"[1266], it being assumed that she was the wife of the former not the latter. The necrology of Saint-Loup, Troyes records the death "XII Mai" of "Aalais uxor Theobaudi comitis Campaniæ" and her burial "in monasterio Sancti Faronis"[1267]. m (before 1061) as his third wife, THIBAUT III Count of Blois, Chartres and Champagne, son of EUDES II, Count of Blois, Chartres, Troyes and Champagne & his second wife Ermengarde d'Auvergne ([1010]-29/30 Sep 1089).

2. THIBAUT de Valois . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

Chapter 13. COMTES de VERMANDOIS

The county of Vermandois was formed by Héribert, a descendant of the early Carolingian kings of Italy whose direct ancestors had established themselves as counts in the area north of Paris. Héribert acquired Vermandois and Saint-Quentin in 896, followed by Soissons in 898[1268]. His son count Héribert [II] acquired control over the archbishopric of Reims by engineering the appointment of his infant son as archbishop in 925. He also acquired Amiens, the Vexin and Artois, although these territories were disputed by Arnoul I Count of Flanders. The rivalry between the counts of Vermandois and the counts of Flanders was triggered in 896 by the murder of the brother of Baudouin II Count of Flanders by the forces of count Héribert [I]. It persisted throughout the first half of the 10th century. The two power-bases appear to have been fairly evenly balanced, the result being that neither was able to dominate the whole of northern France. Another factor which must have rendered domination by either side more difficult was that the territory of the bishopric of Cambrai, directly north of Vermandois and south of Flanders, had been allocated to Lotharingia under the 843 treaty of Verdun, while the rest of northern France fell within the kingdom of the West Franks. Cambrai therefore represented a political barrier to either side extending control into the eastern part of the other's territory. Both the Flanders and Vermandois families lost political power during the early part of the second half of the 10th century. The territory of the Vermandois family was partitioned after the death of count Héribert [II] in 943 to provide appanages for his three sons, none of whom appears to have inherited their father's energy, and in the following century most of it passed by inheritance into the domaine royale of the Capetian kings.

A. COMTES de VERMANDOIS 896-1080 (CAROLINGIAN)

HERIBERT [I], son of PEPIN [Carolingian] Seigneur de Péronne et de St Quentin, Comte near Paris ([848/850]-murdered [900/6 Nov 907]). Regino names (in order) "Bernardum, Pippinum et Heribertum" as the three children of "Pippinum", specifying that Héribert killed "Rodulfum comitem filium Balduini comitis"[1269]. "Heribertus, Bernhardi frater" is named in the Vita Hludowicis Imperatoris[1270]. He was at the court of Emperor Charles II “le Chauve” in 877. Comte de Soissons 886/898. Abbé de St Crépin. Comte de Meaux et de Madrie 888/889[1271]. He became Comte de Vermandois in 896. The Annales Vedastini record that "Rodulfus comes" disrupted the peace in 896 and took the property of "Heribertus et Erkingerus", that "Odo rex" besieged "castrum sancti Quintini et Peronam" and expelled Raoul's supporters, and that Héribert killed Raoul[1272]. Comte Héribert opposed Eudes King of France, but was reconciled with the king in 897, an event which may have been confirmed by the marriage of Héribert's daughter to the king's nephew Robert[1273]. Baudouin II Count of Flanders attacked Vermandois, was driven out by 900 but reconquered it and killed Héribert [I] Comte de Vermandois in revenge for his brother's death[1274].

m [LIETGARDIS], daughter of --- (-27 May ----). The name of the wife of Comte Héribert is not known. However, a "Comtesse Liedgardis", different from the daughter of Comte Héribert [II], is named who could have been his wife[1275]. If this is correct, the necrology of Reims which records the death "VI Kal Jun" of "Letgardis comitissa"[1276], may refer to the same person[1277]. According to the Histoire de Guise, Albert Comte de Vermandois constructed the abbey of Saint-Michel at Rochefort in 945 "d'accord avec la comtesse Hérésinde sa femme", while in 947 Hérésinde founded the nearby Benedictine convent of Bucilly[1278]. The source assumes that this refers to Albert Comte de Vermandois, but his supposed marriage to Hérésinde is not mentioned by Settipani[1279]. According to the introduction to the Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Bucilly, Bucilly was founded by "Gerberge, femme d'Albert I Comte de Vermandois" although it notes that "certains auteurs ont voulu faire remonter [sa foundation] à la libéralité de Hersinde femme d'Herbert Comte de Vermandois morte en 901"[1280]. No other reference has been found to Hérésinde being the wife of Comte Héribert ]I].

Comte Héribert [I] & his wife had four children:

1. HERIBERT [II] ([880]-23 Feb 943, bur Saint Quentin). None of the sources so far consulted states explicitly that Heribert [II] and his sister Beatrix were the children of Heribert [I] but this looks probable. He succeeded his father in [900/907] as Comte de Meaux, de Soissons et de Vermandois.

- see below.

2. BEATRIX de Vermandois ([880/83]-after 26 Mar 931). None of the sources so far consulted state explicitly that Heribert [II] and his sister Beatrix were the children of Heribert [I] but this looks probable. Her birth date range is estimated from her eldest daughter giving birth to her own first child in [915]. The Historia Francorum Senonensis records that "sororem Herberti" was the wife of "Robertus princeps" who rebelled against Charles III "le Simple" King of France[1281]. Guillaume de Jumièges records that Duke Robert's wife was the sister of Héribert, and that the couple had a son named Hugues[1282]. The marriage may have been arranged to confirm her father's reconciliation with Eudes King of France, who was her husband's uncle[1283]. Werner suggests [897] as the date of the marriage, on the assumption that it followed the political reconciliation between Béatrix's father and Robert's uncle[1284]. As discussed in relation to Robert's first marriage in the document CAPET, there is a possibility that Robert's first wife was still alive in 907, which would of course mean that Béatrix's marriage took place after that date. m ([897]) as his second wife, ROBERT Marquis en Neustrie, son of ROBERT “le Fort” Marquis en Neustrie & his wife --- ([860]-killed in battle near Soissons 15 Jun 923). Comte de Paris 898. He was elected 22 Jun 922 as ROBERT I King of France.

3. [daughter [ADELA] . Jackman suggests[1285] that the wife of Graf Gebhard [Konradiner] was the daughter of Héribert [I] Comte de Vermandois, although this appears supported only by onomastic indications. The name of Graf Gebhard's wife is not given explicitly in the sources. However, an "Adela" is named in a name-list in the Reichenau memorial book dated [926/32] which appears to include members of the Konradiner family, Jackman suggesting that she is well placed in the list to be Graf Gebhard's wife[1286], although this is not the only possible interpretation of the text. m GEBHARD Graf im Ufgau, son of EBERHARD Graf in der Ortenau [Konradiner] & his wife Wiltrud --- (-after 15 Jan 947).]

4. [daughter [CUNIGUNDIS] ([890/900]-after 943). The Vermandois origin of Graf Udo's wife is suggested by the fact that Flodoard refers to the wife of "Uddone [frater Hermanno]" as amita of "Hugo [de Vermandois Archbishop of Reims]"[1287]. The name of Graf Udo's wife is not given explicitly in the sources. However, a "Cunegundis" is named in a name-list in the Reichenau memorial book dated [926/32] which appears to include members of the Konradiner family, Jackman suggesting that she is well placed in the list to be Graf Gebhard's wife[1288], although this is not the only possible interpretation of the text. Her birth date range is estimated from her estimated marriage date. m ([915]) UDO Graf in der Wetterau, son of GEBHARD Graf in der Wetterau [Konradiner] & his wife Hidda --- (-12 Dec 949).]

HERIBERT [II], son of HERIBERT [I] Comte de Vermandois & his wife [Liedgardis] --- ([880]-23 Feb 943, bur Saint Quentin). None of the sources so far consulted state explicitly that Héribert [II] and his sister Beatrix were the children of Héribert [I] but this looks probable. He succeeded his father in [900/907] as Comte de Meaux, de Soissons et de Vermandois. Lay Abbot of St Crépin and St Médard at Soissons. Comte Héribert took part in the rebellion against Charles III “le Simple” King of France in 922 and tricked the ex-king into capture. Héribert consolidated his power by arranging for his young son to be made Archbishop of Reims. Comte Héribert received Péronne from Raoul King of France in 924. Together with forces of Arnoul I Count of Flanders, Héribert captured the Viking stronghold of Eu[1289]. Following this he apparently forged an alliance with Comte Rollo in [927][1290], leaving his son Eudes with Rollo as a hostage. Comte Héribert unsuccessfully attempted to capture Laon in 927[1291]. He accompanied the king into Burgundy in 928, when his son Eudes was granted the county of Vienne by Ugo King of Italy. With help from Hugues "le Grand" [Capet], King Raoul subdued Vermandois and Comte Héribert made his submission to the king[1292]. In 939. Héribert joined the alliance against Louis IV King of France led by Otto I "der Große" King of Germany, who raided Frankish territory and forced King Louis to renounce his claim to the throne of Lotharingia. Together with Hugues "le Grand" [Capet], Héribert besieged Reims, forcing the restoration of his son as archbishop, and also besieged King Louis at Laon. Flodoard records the death of "Heribertus comes" in 943 and his burial at Saint-Quentin[1293]. The necrology of Reims Cathedral records the death "VII Kal Mar" of "Heribertus comes"[1294]. On his death in 943, his territories were divided between his sons by their maternal uncle Hugues "le Grand".

m (before 21 May 907) [ADELA], daughter of ROBERT Marquis en Neustrie, Comte de Paris [later ROBERT I King of France] & his first wife [Adela] --- (before 898-). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines refers to "comitis Heriberti gener…Roberti" and in a later passage to the sister of "dux Hugo Cappatus" as the wife of "comitis Heriberti de Peroni, Campanie et Veromandie" but does not name her[1295]. Her origin is confirmed by Flodoard naming "Hugo dux cum nepotibus suis, Heriberti filiis" in 943[1296]. Her birth date is estimated from the birth of her first child in [915]. Her name is deduced as follows. The 21 May 907 donation of Rebais abbey to the church of Paris refers to "comitis Rotberti et Adele comitisse"[1297]. Although this phrasing usually indicates husband and wife, Settipani suggests that the chronology of the life of King Robert's son Hugues (attested as Robert's son by his second wife Béatrix) favours his birth, and therefore his father's second marriage, well before 907, which would mean "Adele" could not have been Robert's wife. This reasoning appears based firstly on Hugues already being married in [914], and secondly on the probability of his having reached the age of majority when he was recognised as duke in 922. The 907 document is explained as referring to Robert and his elder daughter. The issue, however, is not beyond doubt, especially if the document in question was misdated. Her marriage date assumes that this identification is correct.

Comte Héribert II & his wife had seven children:

1. ODO [Eudes] ([915]-after 19 Jun 946). Flodoard records that "Odonis filii sui [=Heriberto]" was appointed vicecomes when Ugo King of Italy gave his father "provintiam Viennensem" in 928[1298]. His father left him in [927] as a hostage with Rollo Comte [de Normandie]. Unlike his father, he swore allegiance to Louis IV "d'Outremer" King of the Franks in 938 and received the guardianship of the royal residence at Laon. He occupied the town and county of Amiens, but was expelled in 944[1299].

2. ADELA de Vermandois ([915]-[Bruges 10 Oct] 960, bur Ghent, St Pieter). The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names "Adelam, domni Heriberti comitis filiam" as wife of "comes Arnulfus", specifying that she was "duorum Francorum regum, Odonis atque Rotberti, neptem"[1300]. Flodoard refers to the wife of "Arnoul" as sister of "Hugo [de Vermandois Archbishop of Reims]"[1301]. Her marriage was arranged to seal the alliance made in 934 between her father and her future husband[1302]. "Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of property "Snellenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore mea…Adala atque…filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for deceased "Balduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto filio meo", by charter dated 10 Jul 953[1303]. "Adhela comitissa" freed two serfs and granted them to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "fidelis nostri Amalrici", by charter dated 8 Sep 954, signed by "Balduini comitis…Odacri advocati"[1304]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 960 of "Adala comitissa"[1305]. m (934) as his second wife, ARNOUL I "le Grand" Count of Flanders, son of BAUDOUIN II "le Chauve" Count of Flanders & his wife Ælfthryth of Wessex ([885/890]-murdered 27 Mar 964, bur Ghent, St Pieter).

3. HERIBERT [III] "le Vieux" ([910/26]-[983/early 985], bur Lagny). Flodoard names "Heriberti Adalberti fratris" when recording his marriage, and in a later passage "nepotes Hugonis, Heribertus et Rotbertus"[1306]. His date of birth has been estimated at [910/15] by Werner[1307], whereas Settipani supports a later estimate of [925/26][1308]. The former appears more consistent with Héribert's participation in his father's war from 938. If the latter is correct, comte Héribert would have been more than 20 years younger than his wife, which seems unlikely. There appears to be no basis for deciding between one or the other. He is documented with his father between 938 and 942 in the latter's war against King Louis IV, submitting to the king with his father in 942. Under the division of territories organised after his father's death in 943, Héribert became Comte d'Omois and received the fortress of Château-Thierry as well as the abbey of Saint-Médard, Soissons. King Lothaire appointed him comte du palais (comte palatin). He succeeded his brother Robert in 967 as Comte de Meaux et de Troyes. His proposed death date range in [983/early 985] is estimated on the following basis. A letter of Gerbert dated 983 records that "Heriberti Trecassini et Oddonis comitis filii Tedbaldi" were enemies of "Adelbero Remonis archiepiscopus"[1309]. However, a letter dated to Apr 985 names "Ottonis et Heriberti", while a letter dated to mid-985 records that "Ottonem, Heribertum" made peace with the archbishop[1310]. Another letter of Gerbert dated to [late 986/early 987] records that "O et Heribertus comites" were part of the council of Emma Queen of France[1311]. It is assumed that "Oddonis/Ottonem/O" all refer to the same person. However, it is suggested that only the first letter applies to Héribert [III], the change to Héribert [V] (nephew and successor of Héribert [III], son of the latter's brother Robert) being indicated in the subsequent letters by "Heribertum" being named after "Ottonem" instead of before, which suggests that he was the junior of the two from Apr 985. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the burial of "comes Trecensis Heribertus II cognomento Vetulus" in "abbatiam Latiniaci"[1312]. m (951) as her second husband, EADGIFU, widow of CHARLES III "le Simple" King of the Franks, daughter of EDWARD I King of Wessex & his second wife Ælfleda --- ([902/05][1313]-26 Sep after 951, bur Abbaye de Saint-Médard de Soissons). Flodoard names "Ottogeba regina, mater Ludowici regis" when recording her second marriage[1314].

4. HUGUES (920-Meaux 962). Flodoard names "Hugone diacono Heriberti filio", when recording his installation as archbishop of Reims in 940[1315]. His father engineered the grant by Raoul King of France of the temporal administration of the archbishopric of Reims to Hugues in 925, the appointment being confirmed by Pope John X, but the grant was withdrawn by the king in 932 after he besieged the city[1316]. Hugues entered holy orders in 940. His father, who had captured Reims in [Jun/Jul] 940, forced Hugues's restoration as archbishop. Besieged at Laon, King Louis IV was obliged to confirm Hugues's appointment as archbishop and also appointed Hugues as his Arch-Chancellor. Hugues was expelled from Reims in 946 when the town was retaken by King Louis. He was finally deprived of his archbishopric by the papal legate in 948. He died on returning from a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela[1317].

5. LUITGARDIS (before 925-14 Nov after 985, bur Chartres, Abbaye de Saint-Père). Rodulfus Glauber refers to the wife of Comte Guillaume as "sororem [Heribertum Trecorum comitem]", specifying that she was childless by her first husband, when recording her second marriage to "Tetbaldus"[1318]. The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum refers to the wife of "Tetbaudi comitis" as "sorore Herberti Trecorum comitis"[1319]. "Theobaldi comitis…Ledgardis comitisse" subscribed the charter dated 950 under which Ragnfred Bishop of Chartres donated property to Chartres Saint-Père, although the relationship between the two is not specified[1320]. "Ledgardis" donated property to "Sancti Petri Carnotensis ecclesiam", for the souls of "senioris mei…comitis Tedbaldi…patris mei Heirberti, Trecassini comitis", with the consent of "archipresule…Hugone et…comite Odone, filiis meis", by charter dated 5 Feb 978, signed by "…Emma comitissa Pictavæ urbis…"[1321]. “Ledgardis comitissa necnon Hugo episcopus et filius meus et item filius meus Odo comes” donated property to Saint-Martin de Tours, for the souls of “Theobaldi comitis quondam senioris mei…Richildis quondam sanctimonialis, eiusque filii Richardi episcopi” (referring to “dicti comitis et fratris sui Theobaldi”, in relation to Bishop Richard), by charter dated to [980][1322]. "Hugonis ducis, Odonis comitis, Hugonis sanctæ Bituricensis archipræsulis, Letgardis comitissæ, Bertæ comitissæ, Gauzfridi vicecomitis…" subscribed the charter dated 985 under which "Robertus" donated property to "Sancti Petri Carnotensis", on the advice of "Odonem, simul cum sua matre Ledgarde, pariterque dominam meam Bertam, ipsius æque coniugem"[1323]. The necrology of Chartres cathedral records the death "XVIII Kal Dec" of "Letgardis comitissa"[1324]. m firstly ([940]) as his second wife, GUILLAUME I “Longuespée” Comte [de Normandie], son of ROBERT I [Rollo] Comte [de Normandie] & his [second] wife Poppa de Bayeux (-murdered Péquigny-sur-Somme 17 Dec 942, bur Rouen, cathédrale de Notre-Dame). m secondly ([942/45]) THIBAUT [II] "le Tricheur" Comte de Blois, son of THIBAUT [I] "l'Ancien" Comte de Blois, Vicomte de Tours & his first wife --- (-16 Jan [975/77]).

6. ROBERT (-after 19 Jun 966). "Rodberti filium Heriberti comitis" witnessed a charter of "Gauzfredus comes" dated Jul 940[1325]. Under the division of territories organised after his father's death in 943, Robert became Comte de Meaux. He became Comte de Troyes in 956 on the death of his father-in-law, by right of his wife.

- COMTES de TROYES.

7. ADALBERT [Albert] (-8 Sep 987). Flodoard names "Adalbertus filius Heriberti"[1326]. Under the division of territories organised after his father's death in 943, Albert became Comte de Vermandois.

- see below.

ADALBERT [Albert] [I], son of HERIBERT [II] Comte de Vermandois & his wife Adela [Capet] (-8 Sep 987). Flodoard names "Adalbertus filius Heriberti"[1327]. Under the division of territories organised after his father's death in 943, he became Comte de Vermandois. Comte Albert re-established the abbey of Homblières and built Mont-Saint-Quentin[1328]. When his brother Hugues was deposed as archbishop of Reims in 948, Comte Albert gave up the family's struggle with Louis IV "d'Outremer" King of France and swore allegiance to the king. He opposed the election of Hugues Capet as king of France, but eventually submitted[1329].

[m firstly HERESINDE, daughter of ---. According to the Histoire de Guise, Comte Albert constructed the abbey of Saint-Michel at Rochefort in 945 "d'accord avec la comtesse Hérésinde sa femme", while in 947 Hérésinde founded the nearby Benedictine convent of Bucilly[1330]. The source assumes that this refers to Albert Comte de Vermandois, but his supposed first marriage is not mentioned by Settipani[1331]. According to the introduction to the Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Bucilly, Bucilly was founded by "Gerberge, femme d'Albert I Comte de Vermandois" although it notes that "certains auteurs ont voulu faire remonter [sa foundation] à la libéralité de Hersinde femme d'Herbert Comte de Vermandois morte en 901"[1332]. The Cartulaire reproduces a French translation of a declaration by Barthélemy Bishop of Laon dated 1120 entitled "Privilegium de domino Elberto, Viromandensi comite" according to which the bishop declares that he has read the original charter under which "Elbert comte de Vermandois…et sa femme Gertrude [error for Gerberge]" founded Bucilly[1333]. Further research in the original charter documentation is needed to clarify this confusion, not the least of which is that, even if Hérésinde was not the wife of Comte Albert, no other reference has been found to her being the wife of Comte Héribert [I] (see above).]

m [secondly] ([949/54]) GERBERGA, daughter of GISELBERT Duke of Lotharingia & his wife Gerberga of Germany ([935]-after 7 Sep 978). Settipani names her as the wife of Comte Albert, and gives her parentage, but does not cite the primary source on which this is based. A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[1334]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage more precisely has not yet been identified.

Comte Albert & his [second] wife had [four] children:

1. HERIBERT [IV] ([954]-29 Aug [993]). A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[1335]. Héribert [IV] succeeded his father in 987 as Comte de Vermandois. m (before [982/86]) [as her first husband,] ERMENGARDIS, daughter of ---. "Comes Heribertus" names "materque mea Pavia…pater meus Otto, eius genitrix, avia mea Ermengardis" donated property to Notre-Dame de Homblières by charter dated [13 Jan/13 Oct] 1045[1336]. According to Ernest Petit[1337], Ermengardis was the widow of Milo [IV] Comte de Tonnerre. The author highlights a charter of Ermengardis Ctss de Vermandois witnessed by Renaud Comte de Tonnerre. He suggests that Comte Renaud would only have done this if he were the son of Ermengardis, although other explanations must be possible. Settipani points out[1338] that Ermengardis is named as the wife of Héribert [IV] in a document of her father-in-law Albert [I] Comte de Vermandois, relating to the abbey of Homblières, dated some time between 982 and the death of Comte Albert (in 987). If the two marriages apply to the same Ermengardis, Comte Héribert must have been her first husband and Comte Milon her second. However, it is not clear that this suggested co-identity is correct, a simpler explanation being that there were two different individuals named Ermengardis. Ernest Petit also suggests[1339] that Ermengardis (wife of Comte Milon) was heiress of Bar-sur-Seine, in order to explain how her granddaughter by Comte Milon, Eustachie, transmitted this county to her husband Gauthier de Brienne. He identified the father of Ermengardis as "Renaud Comte de Bar-sur-Seine" based on two charters, which he dated to 992 and 997, which name "Rainardus comes" whom he identifies with Rainard, son of miles Raoul de Bar, who is mentioned in the Chronicle of St Bénigne[1340]. There appears to be no other evidence of the existence of this person, and Bouchard[1341] points out that the dating of the two charters in question is uncertain. She suggests that it is more likely that "Rainardus" is identified with Renaud Comte de Sens or with "Rainaldus" son of Ermengardis. This of course leaves open the question how Bar-sur-Seine was transmitted to the Tonnerre family. Comte Heribert [IV] & his wife had two children:

a) ALBERT [II] ([985/90]-[1 Feb 1015/1017]). The Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium names "Alberto Vermandensi comiti, fratri Ottonis"[1342]. He succeeded his father in [1000] as Comte de Vermandois. He abdicated before 15 Jul 1010[1343].

b) EUDES [Otto] ([985/90]-25 May 1045). He succeeded in [1021] as Comte de Vermandois.

- see below.

2. OTTO ([950/55]-after 2 Nov [958/59]). "Ottonem, Alberti Vermandensium comitis filium" is named in the Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium[1344]. A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[1345]. Otto is named with his parents in a charter of Comte Adalbert dated 2 Nov [958/59][1346]. same person as…? OTTO (-[986/87] or after). There appears to be no direct proof that Otto, ancestor of the Comtes de Chiny, was the same person as Otto, son of Adalbert Comte de Vermandois. The Historia Monasterii Mosomense records that "Ottonem comitem" built "castellum…Warcus" (Warcq, Ardennes) in 971, and suggests his affiliation when, in a later passage, it clarifies that "superius dictus Ottho erat comes, Otthonum…Romanorum imperatorum…germanissima progenies"[1347]. The editor of the MGH SS edition of the Historia identifies Otto with the son of Adalbert Comte de Vermandois and Gerberge, daughter of Emperor Otto I's sister[1348]. A subsequent passage of the Historia dates the foundation of the monastery to 24 Jul 971[1349], implying that the events recorded earlier in the text predated this foundation. If this is correct, 971 seems early for Otto de Vermandois to have constructed Warcq in light of his estimated birth date (which appears reasonably robust). Gerbert, in a letter dated to Oct 986, records that "dux Cono pro suo Ottone insidias molitur"[1350]. In the same letter, he also records that "Laudunensis episcopus" left "Dordingum" (Dourdon?) on the advice of "Ottonis et Heriberti" in support of "ducem" (which appears to refer to Hugues Capet). Settipani suggests that "Otto" in this text refers to the holder of Warcq[1351]. However, all other passages in Gerbert's letters which name "Ottonis et Heriberti" (in that order) appear to refer to Eudes I Comte de Blois and his first cousin Héribert [V] Comte de Troyes. It is unclear from the full text of this letter whether "Ottone" and "Ottonis" relate to the same person. "Dux Cono" has not been identified, although it may refer to Konrad I Duke of Swabia. If this is correct, it is possible that the first "Ottone" is a different person from the second "Ottonis" as there is no other passage which links the Blois count to the Swabian duke. Settipani states that Otto died "between 986 and 987", without specifying the basis for this speculation[1352].

- COMTES de CHINY.

3. LIUDOLF ([957]-before 9 Nov 986). A list of members of the Cathedral of Paris lists (in order) "Albertus comes, Girberga comitissa, Harbertus, Otto, Lewultus, Girbertus, Gondrada, Ricardus, Harbertus comes…", the first four individuals named apparently being Comte Albert, his wife and three sons, and the last named maybe his brother or nephew[1353]. Appointed Bishop of Noyon 978, consecrated 979.

4. [ELEONORE . According to the Histoire de Guise, "Gauthier de Saint-Aubert avait épousé vers 986 une sœur du comte de Vermandois…Eleonore", the author speculating on the possibility of a relationship between Gauthier de Saint-Aubert and the later Seigneurs de Guise[1354]. No other reference has been found to this couple. m ([986]) GAUTHIER de Saint-Aubert, son of ---.]

EUDES, son of HERIBERT [IV] Comte de Vermandois & his wife Ermengardis --- ([985/90]-25 May 1045). He succeeded in [1021] as Comte de Vermandois. "Comes Heribertus" names "materque mea Pavia…pater meus Otto, eius genitrix, avia mea Ermengardis" donated property to Notre-Dame de Homblières by charter dated [13 Jan/13 Oct] 1045[1355]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "VIII Kal Jun" of "Otto comes"[1356].

m PAVIA, daughter of --- (-after 1045). "Comes Heribertus" names "materque mea Pavia…pater meus Otto, eius genitrix, avia mea Ermengardis" donated property to Notre-Dame de Homblières by charter dated [13 Jan/13 Oct] 1045[1357].

Comte Eudes & his wife had three children:

1. HERIBERT [VI] ([1032]-[1080]). He succeeded his father in 1045 as Comte de Vermandois. He succeeded as Comte de Valois in 1077, by right of his wife. "Herbertus Vermandensium et Vadascorum comes" donated property to the church of Saint-Quentin and others, with the consent of "Alide coniugis meæ", by charter dated 1059 (date unlikely to be correct, considering that Héribert did not succeed as Comte de Valois until 1077)[1358]. m ([1059 or before]) ADELAIS de Valois, daughter of RAOUL [III] Comte de Valois, de Crépy et de Vitry & his first wife Aelis de Bar-sur-Aube (-after 1077). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Symonem et filiam…Adala" children of "comitis Veromandie [error for Valois] Rodolfi" and his wife Adela[1359]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. Ctss de Valois. "Herbertus Vermandensium et Vadascorum comes" donated property to the church of Saint-Quentin and others, with the consent of "Alide coniugis meæ", by charter dated 1059 (date unlikely to be correct, considering that Héribert did not succeed as Comte de Valois until 1077)[1360]. Comte Héribert [VI] & his wife had two children:

a) EUDES “l’Insensé” (-after 1085). The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses names "Odonem et Adelam sororem" as the two children of "comes Herbertus", specifying that Eudes was "fatuus et indiscretus" but that his brother-in-law gave him "filiam cuiusdam militis Viromandensis" as a wife[1361]. He was disinherited by his father. m HADWIG, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified.

[- SEIGNEURS de SAINT-SIMON. The descent of the family of Saint-Simon from Eudes "l'Insensé" de Vermandois was fabricated in the 17th century to flatter Claude Rouvroy de Saint-Simon, favourite of Louis XIII King of France[1362]. On the basis of this genealogy, the senior branch of the family of Rouvroy adopted the name "Saint-Simon de Vermandois".]

b) ADELAIS de Vermandois ([1065]-28 Sep [1120/24]). The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses names "Odonem et Adelam sororem" as the two children of "comes Herbertus", specifying that the husband of Adela was "Hugoni le Magne" and referring to her second husband "comes de Claromonte" and specifying that her daughter by the latter married Charles Count of Flanders[1363]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Adelidem comitissam Viromandensium, defuncto priore viro, scilicet Hugone Magno" as wife of "comes Rainaldus [de Claromonte]"[1364]. She succeeded her father in [1080] as Ctss de Vermandois, de Valois et de Crépy. m firstly ([1080]) HUGUES de France, son of HENRI King of France & his second wife Anna Iaroslavna of Kiev (1057-Tarsus in Cilicia 18 Oct 1102, bur Tarsus church of St Paul). Comte de Vermandois et de Valois by right of his wife. Leader of the French contingent in the First Crusade Aug 1096 returning to France after the victory of Antioch 1098 to raise another army. He set out again Mar 1101 but died from wounds received fighting the Greeks at Tarsus in Cilicia. m secondly (1103) as his first wife, RENAUD de Clermont, son of HUGUES de Clermont [en-Beauvaisis] dit de Mouchy & his wife Marguerite de Roucy [Montdidier] (-before 1162). He took the title Comte after his marriage[1365].

children of first marriage:

- see below, Part B. COMTES de VERMANDOIS (Capet).

2. [SIMON (-after 1076). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. [Seigneur de Ham.] He may have been the ancestor of the later Seigneurs de Ham (see below, Part C. SEIGNEURS de HAM)[1366].]

3. [PIERRE. He is shown by Brandenburg as the son of Comte Eudes[1367] but the primary source on which this is based has not been traced.]

B. COMTES de VERMANDOIS 1080-1214 (CAPET)

HUGUES "le Maisné" de France, son of HENRI I King of France & his second wife Anna Iaroslavna of Kiev (1057-Tarsus 18 Oct 1102, bur Tarsus, Church of St Paul). The Liber Modernorum Regum Francorum names (in order) "Philippum, Hugonem atque Rotbertum" as the three sons of King Henri and his wife Anna[1368]. William of Tyre records "dominus Hugo Magnus" as brother of Philippe I King of France[1369]. He succeeded as Comte de Vermandois et de Valois, by right of his wife. He left France in Aug 1096 as head of the contingent of his brother Philippe I King of France which left on the First Crusade[1370]. The Alexeiad names "a certain Hugh, brother of the king of France" when recording that he "sent an absurd message to the emperor proposing that he should be given a magnificent reception" after arriving in Constantinople[1371]. He was shipwrecked off Durazzo, but accompanied to Constantinople by the Byzantine admiral Manuel Butumites[1372]. Albert of Aix records that "Hugonem Magnum fratrem regis Franciæ, Drogonem et Clareboldum" were held in chains in prison by the emperor at Constantinople but were released after the intervention of "Baldewinus Hainaucorum comes et Heinricus de Ascha" who were sent as envoys by Godefroi de Bouillon[1373]. Albert of Aix records that "Hugo, Drogo, Willelmus Carpentarius et Clareboldus" joined the army of Godefroi de Bouillon after their release from captivity in Constantinople, dated to end 1096[1374]. He took part in the siege of Antioch in 1098. He was sent on a mission to Emperor Alexios I, but was surprised in a Turkish ambush near Nikaia but escaped with his life[1375]. He returned to France after the capture of Antioch in 1098 to raise another army which he led as part of the second wave of the First Crusade, leaving France in Mar 1101. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1102 of "Hugo Magnus apud Tarsum"[1376]. He died from wounds received fighting the Turks near Tarsus in Asia Minor[1377].

m (after 1067) as her first husband, ADELAIS Ctss de Vermandois, de Valois et de Crépy, daughter and heiress of HERIBERT [IV] Comte de Vermandois & his wife Adelais de Valois ([1065]-28 Sep [1120/24]). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium" as wife of "Hugonem Magnum"[1378]. Her husband left her as regent in Vermandois when he left on crusade. She married secondly (1103) as his first wife, Renaud de Clermont. "Adela…Viromandorum comitissa, filius…meus Radulphus" renounced their claim to certain serfs in favour of the abbey of Compiègne Saint-Corneille, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Radulphi, Henrici, Symonis", by charter dated 1114[1379]. In 1117, Louis VI "le Gros" King of France restored to her the county of Amiens which had been usurped by Thomas de Marle[1380].

Comte Hugues & his wife had nine children:

1. MATHILDE de Vermandois. The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines records the proposed marriage of "Robertus comes Mellentinus" and the daughter of "Hugonis Crispeiensis comes" which was prohibited by "Yvo [episcopus]" on grounds of consanguinity, the mutual descent of the two parties from "Gauterus Albus de Albamarla" being set out in the chronicle although the name of the daughter is not given[1381]. It is not known to which daughter this refers, but it may be Mathilde. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to (but does not name) the second of the daughters of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium" as wife of "Radulfo de Baugenci", parents of "Simonem eiusdem loci principem"[1382]. "Domnus Radulfus de Balgentiaco" donated a wood to La Trinité de Vendôme, with a reserve for "uxor eius domna Mathildis", by charter dated 1105[1383]. She is named in the testament of "Simon Balgenciacensis dominus" dated to [1146/53] which names "Radulfi mei patris et Matildis mei matris"[1384]. The fact that Mathilde was the eldest daughter is confirmed by the De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses which records "Agnes uxor domini Ingelranni de Cociaco" as daughter of "domina de Baugenciaco primogenita [comitis Hugonis li Maines]"[1385]. m (1090) as his second wife, RAOUL Seigneur de Baugency, son of LANCELIN Seigneur de Baugency & his wife --- (-[1130]).

2. AGNES de Vermandois ([1085]-after 1127). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to (but does not name) the first of the daughters of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium" as wife of "Bonefacius marchio", parents of "Bonefacium archidiaconum Noviomensem et filios et filias, quarum una nupsit Guilelmo de Monte-pessulano"[1386]. As noted above, her sister Mathilde is referred to in another source as "primogenita". "Bonifatius marchio…Agnes comitissa uxor ipsius marchionis…filii eius Mainfredus et Ugo" donated "domum sancti Laurentii" to Lérins by charter dated 1127[1387]. m [as his second wife,] BONIFACIO di Saluzzo Marchese del Vasto, son of ODDONE Marchese di Liguria Occidentale & his wife Berta di Susa (-after 1127).

3. CONSTANCE de Vermandois (-after 1118). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to (but does not name) the third of the daughters of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium" as wife of "Ioifrido de Firmitate-Galceri" and parents of "uxorem Simonis de Oisiaco"[1388]. m ([1102]) GODEFROI de la Ferté-Gaucher Vicomte de Meaux.

4. ISABELLE [Elisabeth] de Vermandois ([before 1088][1389]-17 Feb 1131, bur Lewes). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis refers to (but does not name) the fourth of the daughters of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium" as wife of "comiti de Meslent", and parents of "filios, quorum unus successit patri in comitatu, alter comitatum tenuit de Cirecestre"[1390]. Her marriage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis, who names her father and specifies that the marriage formed part of the arrangements he made to settle his affairs before leaving on the First Crusade[1391]. Guillaume de Jumièges names "Elisabeth fille de Hugues-le-Grand comte de Vermandois" as wife of "Guillaume II de Warenne comte de Surrey", specifying that her previous husband had been "Robert comte de Meulan" by whom she had three sons and three daughters[1392]. "Guillelmus filius Guillelmi de Vuarenna" confirmed donations of property to Saint-Victor-en-Caux by "patre meo", for the soul of "uxoris mee Ysabel", by undated charter (a copy of which is attached to a late-12th century transcription of a charter under which Hugh de Mortimer confirmed donations to the monastery), witnessed by "Gislebertus de Grenosavilla, Ysabel comitissa, Radulfus filius comitis…"[1393]. m firstly ([1096], divorced 1115) ROBERT de Beaumont Comte de Meulan, Seigneur de Beaumont-le-Roger, son of ROGER de Vieilles Seigneur de Beaumont-le-Roger & his wife Adeline de Meulan ([1046]-5 or 6 Jun 1118, bur Préaux, monastery of Saint-Pierre). m secondly (1118) WILLIAM de Warenne Earl of Surrey, son of WILLIAM de Warenne Earl of Surrey & his first wife Gundred --- (-[11 May] 1138, bur Lewes Priory).

5. RAOUL [I] "le Vaillant" de Vermandois ([1094]-13 Oct 1152, bur St Arnould in Crépy). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names (in order) "Radulfum comitem Veromandie et Henricum de Chauni et Simonem episcopum Noviomensem" as the sons of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium"[1394]. He succeeded his father in 1102 as Comte de Vermandois.

- see below.

6. HENRI de Vermandois (-1130). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names (in order) "Radulfum comitem Veromandie et Henricum de Chauni et Simonem episcopum Noviomensem" as the sons of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium"[1395]. Seigneur de Chaumont-en-Vexin.

- SEIGNEURS de CHAUMONT-en-VEXIN.

7. SIMON de Vermandois (-Seleukia 10 Feb 1148, bur Cistercian Abbey of Notre-Dame de l'Assomption, Ourscamp). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names (in order) "Radulfum comitem Veromandie et Henricum de Chauni et Simonem episcopum Noviomensem" as the sons of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium"[1396]. "Adela…Viromandorum comitissa, filius…meus Radulphus" renounced their claim to certain serfs in favour of the abbey of Compiègne Saint-Corneille, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Radulphi, Henrici, Symonis", by charter dated 1114[1397]. The Liber de Restauratione Sancti Martini Tornacensis names "Symonem adolescentem, filium Hugonis comitis cognomento Magni", when recording his election as Bishop of Noyon[1398]. He was elected Bishop of Noyon in Jul 1123. He was excommunicated in 1142 by Pope Innocent II for having authorised the divorce of his brother Comte Raoul I from his first wife. He accompanied Louis VII King of France on the Second Crusade in 1147, and died on the return journey[1399].

8. GUILLAUME de Vermandois (-after 1096). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

9. BEATRIX de Vermandois (-after 1144). The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses refers to (but does not name) the fourth daughter of "comite Hugone et Adela uxore" being the wife of "comes Garentie"[1400], although it is possible that this refers to "William de Warenne", second husband of the couple's daughter Elisabeth. Guillaume de Jumièges records that Hugues de Gournay married the sister of "Raoul de Péronne comte de Vermandois"[1401]. "Gornacensis dominus et…Hugo filius meus" donated property to Saint-Leu d´Esserent, for the soul of "Beatricis…uxoris meæ", by charter dated to [1144][1402]. m HUGUES [IV] Seigneur de Gournay-en-Bray, son of GERARD Seigneur de Gournay & his wife Edith de Warenne (-1180).

RAOUL [I] "le Vaillant" de Vermandois, son of HUGUES [I] Comte de Vermandois & his wife Adelais Ctss de Vermandois ([1094]-13 Oct 1152, bur Priory of Saint-Arnoul de Crépy). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names (in order) "Radulfum comitem Veromandie et Henricum de Chauni et Simonem episcopum Noviomensem" as the sons of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium"[1403]. Named with his brother Henri by Orderic Vitalis, who specifies that their father "Hugo magnus Crispeii comes" left his lands to them before departing on the First Crusade[1404]. Robert of Torigny records that "Rodulfus filius eius" succeeded in 1102 on the death of "Hugo Magnus"[1405]. He succeeded his father in 1102 as Comte de Vermandois, and his mother in 1117. "Adela…Viromandorum comitissa, filius…meus Radulphus" renounced their claim to certain serfs in favour of the abbey of Compiègne Saint-Corneille, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Radulphi, Henrici, Symonis", by charter dated 1114[1406]. He lost an eye at the siege of the château of Livry in early 1129. Louis VI King of France appointed him seneschal of France in Nov 1131. He allied himself with Queen Adélaïde, the Queen mother, in 1138 against her son King Louis VII and Suger, but was reconciled with the king in 1139. His repudiation of his first wife triggered war with Champagne and excommunication by the Pope, although the divorce was finally accepted by the church in 1148. Robert of Torigny records the death in 1152 of "Radulfus de Perrona comes Viromandorum", specifying that he appointed "Galeranni comitis Mellenti nepotis sui" as guardian of his infant children[1407]. The necrology of the Priory of Saint-Martin-des-Champs records the death "III Id Oct" of "Rodulfus comes"[1408].

m firstly ([1120], divorced 1142 on the grounds of consanguinity) ELEONORE de Blois, daughter of ETIENNE de Blois & his wife Adela of England. Kerrebrouck names Eleonore, daughter of Comte Etienne III, as the first wife of Raoul Comte de Vermandois[1409] but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. After her repudiation she found refuge with her brother Thibaut IV Comte de Champagne who declared war on her husband and appealed to Pope Innocent II who excommunicated him. Ctss Eléonore appeared in person before Pope Eugene III at Reims 21 Mar 1148, but the Pope confirmed the annulment of her marriage[1410].

m secondly (1142) AELIS [Petronille] d'Aquitaine, daughter of GUILLAUME X Duke of Aquitaine [GUILLAUME VIII Comte de Poitou] & his first wife Eléonore de Châtellerault ([1125]-after 24 Oct 1151, bur St Arnould in Crépy). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines specifies that "Alienor Guilielmi filia comits Pictavorum et Aquitanie ducis" had two sisters one of whom married "Radulfus…comes Perone et Veromandie", although he does not name either of them[1411]. The Historiæ Tornacenses record the wife of "Radulfem comitem" as "germanam Alienore regine Francorum" but also do not name her[1412]. Robert of Torigny refers to the mother of the infant children of "Radulfus de Perrona comes Viromandorum" as "iuniore filia Willelmi ducis Aquitanorum" but he does not name her either[1413]. The Chronique de Guillaume de Nangis names "Eléonore et Pétronille" as the two daughters of "Guillaume comte de Poitou et prince d'Aquitaine", recording in 1142 that Pétronille married "Raoul comte de Vermandois" after he repudiated his first wife[1414].

m thirdly (1152) as her third husband, LAURETTA de Flandre, widow firstly of IWAN Graaf van Aalst and secondly of HENDRIK II Duke of Limburg, daughter of THIERRY Count of Flanders & his first wife Swanhilde --- ([1120]-Abbaye de Voorst, near Brussels 1170). The Flandria Generosa names "Laurentiam" as the only daughter of "comitissa etiam Suanildis", specifying that her marriage with "dux de Lemburg" was terminated on grounds of consanguinity, that she subsequently married "Iwanus de Alst", and after the latter's death "Rodulfo comiti Peronensi" and "comiti de Namur", although this switches her first and second husbands[1415]. She married fourthly (before 1159, divorced 1163) as his first wife, Henri "l’Aveugle" Comte de Namur et de Luxembourg.

Comte Raoul [I] & his second wife had three children:

1. ELISABETH de Vermandois (1143-Arras 28 Mar 1183, bur Amiens Cathedral). The Annales Blandinienses record the marriage of "Philippus filius suus [=Theodericus comes]" with "filiam Rodulfi comitis Peronensis"[1416]. The Flandria Generosa names "Ysabelem filiam comitis Viromandensis" wife of "Philippus"[1417]. The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses names "Elisabeth comitisse Flandrie et Lyenordis comitisse Viromandensis" as children of "Radulfus [filius comitis Hugonis li Maines]"[1418]. She succeeded her brother in [1167] as Ctss de Vermandois et de Valois on his resignation of the county due to illness[1419]. Ralph de Diceto records that "Philippus comes Flandrensis" killed "Walterum de Fontibus…II Id Aug", in 1175 from the context, "so it is said" for having committed adultery with "Isabella comitissa"[1420]. The Flandria Generosa records the death in 1182 of "Elisabeth comitissa" specifying that she was buried "Attrebati in ecclesia beate Maria"[1421]. m (Beauvais 1156) as his first wife, PHILIPPE de Flandres, son of THIERRY I Count of Flanders & his second wife Sibylle d'Anjou (-at Acre 1 Jul 1191, bur Abbaye de Clairvaux, Jura). He succeeded in [1167] as Comte de Vermandois, by right of his wife. He succeeded his father in 1168 as PHILIPPE Count of Flanders. On the death of his wife, Count Philippe refused to relinquish the counties of Vermandois and Valois to her successor, which triggered war with France, settled by the transfer of the territories under the Treaty of Boves in Jul 1185, ratified at Amiens 20 Mar 1186, although Count Philippe was permitted to retain the title Comte de Vermandois for life[1422].

2. RAOUL [II] de Vermandois (1145-17 Jun 1176, bur Abbaye de Longpont). The Flandria Generosa names "Radulfum fratrem eiusdem uxoris sue [=Ysabelem filiam comitis Viromandensis, uxor Philippi", specifying that he "elephantine infirmitatem incurrerat" and was expelled from Vermandois[1423]. He succeeded his father in 1152 as Comte de Vermandois et de Valois. He caught leprosy in [1163] and was obliged to resign his county to his sister and her husband, although he continued to bear the title[1424]. m ([1160], non-consummated, separated) as her first husband, MARGUERITE de Flandre, daughter of THIERRY I Count of Flanders & his second wife Sibylle d'Anjou ([1145]-15 Nov 1194). She separated from her husband due to his illness[1425]. She married secondly (Apr 1169) Baudouin de Hainaut, who succeeded in 1171 as Baudouin V Comte de Hainaut. and in 1191 as Baudouin VIII Count of Flanders. She succeeded her brother 1191 as MARGUERITE I Ctss of Flanders.

3. ELEONORE de Vermandois ([1148/49]-[19/21] Jun 1213, bur Abbaye de Longpont). The De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses names "Elisabeth comitisse Flandrie et Lyenordis comitisse Viromandensis" as children of "Radulfus [filius comitis Hugonis li Maines]"[1426]. The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Aenoram Radulphi comitis Viromandie filiam" as wife of "Godefridum [filium Alidis comitissa Hanonensis…cum viro Balduino comite]", and in a later passage refers to her subsequent marriages to "Willelmo comiti Nivernensi…[et] Matheo comiti Boloniensi…[et] comiti Bellimontis in Francia Matheo"[1427]. Robert of Torigny records the marriage in 1170 of "uxorem eius [=Willermo comite Nivernensi] sororem…comitissæ Flandrensis" and "Mathæus frater Philippi comitis Flandrensium comes Boloniæ"[1428]. She claimed the succession to Vermandois on the death of her sister in 1183. "Elienor…comitissa Bellomontis et heres Viromandie" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp for the soul of "[comitis Philippi Flandrensis] uxoris sue sororis mee Elyzabeth…et Mathei comitis Bellomontis mariti mei, Henricique iunioris regis Anglie consanguinei mei et maritorum quis prius habui" by charter dated 1184[1429]. Under the Treaty of Amiens, agreed with Philippe II King of France 20 Mar 1186, Eléonore retained Valois and part of Vermandois, calling herself from that time Ctss de Valois. "Elyenor…comitissa Bellomontis et…comitis Perone Radulfi filie" donated property to the abbey of Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp by charter dated 1189[1430]. Following the death of her brother-in-law Philippe Count of Flanders, a final settlement was agreed with the king who was to inherit all her territories if she died without issue and from 1192 she succeeded as Ctss de Vermandois[1431]. In accordance with the agreement of 1192, the king of France inherited all her titles and properties on her death. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "XII Kal Jul" of "Alienordis comitissa Crespeiensis"[1432]. m firstly (1162) GODEFROI de Hainaut Graaf van Oostrevant, son of BAUDOUIN IV “le Bâtisseur” Comte de Hainaut & his wife Alice de Namur (1147-Mons 7 Apr 1163, bur église Sainte-Waudru). m secondly (1164) GUILLAUME [IV] Comte de Nevers et d'Auxerre, son of GUILLAUME [III] Comte de Nevers et d'Auxerre & his wife Ida of Carinthia ([1145]-Acre 24 Oct 1168, bur Bethlehem). m thirdly (1171) as his second wife, MATHIEU de Flandre, Comte de Boulogne, son of THIERRY I Count of Flanders & his second wife Sibylle d'Anjou ([1137]-killed in battle Driencourt 25 Dec 1173, bur Abbaye de Saint-Josse). m fourthly (1175) as his first wife, MATHIEU [III] Comte de Beaumont-sur-Oise, son of MATHIEU [II] Comte de Beaumont-sur-Oise & his first wife Mathilde de Châteaudun (-21 or 24 Nov 1208, bur Priory of Lay).

C. SEIGNEURS de CHAUMONT-en-Vexin

The family is shown by Kerrebrouck, who cites few primary sources other than as indicated below[1433]. It has not so far been possible to identify the primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the members of this family, unless otherwise stated below.

HENRI de Vermandois, son of HUGUES [I] Comte de Vermandois [Capet] & his wife Adelais Ctss de Vermandois (-killed in battle 1130). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names (in order) "Radulfum comitem Veromandie et Henricum de Chauni et Simonem episcopum Noviomensem" as the sons of "Hugonem Magnum [et] Adelaide comitissa Veromandensium"[1434]. Named with his brother Raoul by Orderic Vitalis, who specifies that their father "Hugo magnus Crispeii comes" left his lands to them before departing on the First Crusade[1435]. Seigneur de Chaumont-en-Vexin 1096. "Adela…Viromandorum comitissa, filius…meus Radulphus" renounced their claim to certain serfs in favour of the abbey of Compiègne Saint-Corneille, with the consent of "filiorum meorum Radulphi, Henrici, Symonis", by charter dated 1114[1436]. He was killed fighting Thomas de Marle during the war against Charles I " le Bon" Count of Flanders[1437].

m ---. The name of Henri's wife is not known. 1140.

Henri & his wife had two children:

1. HUGUES [I] de Chaumont (-before 1170). He succeeded his father in 1130 as Seigneur de Chaumont. m ---. The name of Hugues's wife is not known. Hugues [I] & his wife had two children:

a) HUGUES [II] de Chaumont (-after 1196). He succeeded his father in [1170] as Seigneur de Chaumont. He was captured near Beauvais by supporters of Richard I King of England, imprisoned in the château of Bonneville sur la Touque, but escaped after bribing his guard Guillaume d'Espinet[1438]. m ---. The name of Hugues's wife is not known. Hugues [II] & his wife had five children:

i) PHILIPPE de Chaumont (-after [1235][1439]). He made a donation to the church of Louversey, diocese of Soissons, in 1209[1440]. m ---. The name of Philippe's wife is not known. Philippe & his wife had four children:

(a) GUY de Chaumont (-after 1266). In 1250 he sold his land at Louversey inherited from his father and his uncle Renaud Seigneur de Louversey [1441].

(b) JACQUES de Chaumont (-after 1250). He was a guarantor of the 1250 sale by his brother Guy1441.

(d) MARGUERITE de Chaumont ([after 1235]-after 1266). Mentioned as a minor in 1250, cited again in 12661442.

ii) RENAUD de Chaumont (-after 1209). Seigneur de Louversey (part), he was named in the 1209 donation of his brother to the church of Louversey[1443]. His nephew Guy de Chaumont inherited his property at Louversey so presumably Renaud died without issue. m BEATRIX, daughter of ---.

iii) ROBERT de Chaumont (-after Jul 1215). According to Kerrebrouck[1444], he was named in Jul 1215 as witness to the treaty between Eléonore Ctss de Vermandois and Philippe II King of France but there is presumably an error in this date assuming Ctss Eléonore did die in 1213 as shown above.

iv) THIBAUT de Chaumont. 1209.

v) MATHILDE de Chaumont. 1209.

b) PHILIPPE de Chaumont (-after 1165). He was brought up with Henri Archbishop of Reims, and described as a prince of the royal house in a letter written by Arnould Bishop of Lisieux to the archbishop after 1165[1445].

2. GAUTIER de Chaumont (-after 1150). Saint Bernard wrote his 104^th letter to him in 1150[1446].

D. VICOMTES de CHAUMONT-en-Vexin

The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the members of this family have not been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

1. GALON [I] (-after 22 Jan 1061). Vicomte de Chaumont. "Comes Walterius" confirmed a donation of property, held by "pater meus Droco comes", to "cœnobii sancti Petri Carnotensis" by charter dated Feb 1055, witnessed by "…Gualo vicecomes castri Calidi Montis…"[1447].

EUDES [Odo] de Beaumont, son of IVO [II] Comte de Beaumont & his wife Emma --- (-1088 or after). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. 1039. Camerarius 1059. Vicomte de Chaumont-en-Vexin 1068/88.

m ---. The name of Eudes's wife is not known.

Eudes & his wife had two children:

1. GALON [II] de Beaumont (-after 1 Jul 1097). "Gualo filius Odonis de Calvomonte" is named in a charter of Philippe I King of France dated 1085[1448]. Vicomte de Chaumont. Connétable 1085. William of Tyre names "Galo de Calvo Monte" among those who left on the First Crusade in 1096 with Robert Count of Flanders[1449]. Albert of Aix names "…Walo de Calmunt…" among those who took part in the siege of Nikaia, dated to mid-1097 from the context[1450]. Albert of Aix records that "…Walo de Calmunt…" fought against the Turks at Dorylæum (1 Jul 1097)[1451]. m HUMBERGE du Puiset, daughter of HUGUES [I] "Blavons" de Breteuil Châtelain du Puiset Vicomte de Chartres & his wife Alix de Montlhéry. The donation of property to "sancti Petro" by "Hugo vicecomes" is recorded in a charter dated 1096, subscribed by "Adelidis uxor vicecomitis, filii eorum, Ebrardus, Hugo, Guiddo et filia Unberga"[1452]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. 1094. Galon & his wife had three children:

a) DROGO de Chaumont (-after 1099). "Drogo filius Walonis de Calvomonte" confirmed a donation of property to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise by "Willelmus qui agnominabatur Aculeius", with the consent of his unnamed wife and sons, by charter dated to after 1099[1453].

- SEIGNEURS de TRIE.

b) HUGUES "Panis avena" . The Chroniques de St. Germer record that "Hugo de Calvomonte dictus Panis Avenæ, Galonis filius, Drogonis frater…patruus Ingelramni de Calvomonte seu de Tria" requested his brother to donate property to the abbey[1454]. Provost at Saint-Germer [1115].

c) HUMBERGE . before 1089.

2. ROLANDE de Beaumont . Orderic Vitalis names "Rollandis filia Odonis de Calvomonte" as the wife of "Herbertum pincernum" and their children "Godefridum et Petrum, Joannemque et Walonem, et filias plures"[1455]. Orderic Vitalis names "…Odmundus de Calvimonte…Godefridus et Petrus filii Herberti de Serranz" among those who defended le Vexin in 997[1456]. m HERBERT Le Bouteiller Seigneur de Serans, son of ---.

The exact relationship of Hugues [I] to the preceding family is not known, but it appears likely that he was a younger brother of Galon [II] who succeeded as vicomte after the premature death of Galon´s older son who left infant children.

1. HUGUES [I] "Strabo" de Chaumont (-1149 or after). Vicomte de Chaumont. "Hugo vicecomes de Calvomonte…" consented to the charter dated to [1110/24] under which "Hubertus Bucellus" gave his son as a monk to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise[1457]. Connétable de France 1108-37. "…Hugonis constabularii…" subscribed the charter dated 1119 under which Louis VI King of France granted privileges to the priory of Saint-Laurent des Orgerils at Orléans[1458]. "…Hugonis constabularii…" subscribed the charter dated 1136 issued by Louis VI King of France relating to the priory of Juvisi[1459]. m LUCE, daughter of ---. Hugues [II] & his wife had four children:

a) GUERIN (-before 31 Mar 1149).

b) GALON [III] de Chaumont (-before 1182). Vicomte de Chaumont. m MATHILDE de Gisors, sister of JEAN de Gisors, daughter of ---. "Domina Matildis de Chaumont" donated harvest from property "in grangia sua de Latroe" to Paris Hôtel-Dieu, with the consent of "Hugo de Chaumunt prefate domine filius et heres et uxor mea Petronilla", by charter dated 1199[1460]. 1169/1199. Galon [III] & his wife had three children:

i) HUGUES [III] de Chaumont (-[1209/10]). "Domina Matildis de Chaumont" donated harvest from property "in grangia sua de Latroe" to Paris Hôtel-Dieu, with the consent of "Hugo de Chaumunt prefate domine filius et heres et uxor mea Petronilla", by charter dated 1199[1461]. Vicomte de Chaumont. He founded the abbey of Gomerfontaine in 1170[1462]. m (before 1199) PETRONILLE de Poissy, daughter of GASCE [IV] de Poissy & his wife --- (-[1223]). "Domina Matildis de Chaumont" donated harvest from property "in grangia sua de Latroe" to Paris Hôtel-Dieu, with the consent of "Hugo de Chaumunt prefate domine filius et heres et uxor mea Petronilla", by charter dated 1199[1463].

- SEIGNEURS de MELLO, SEIGNEURS de SAUCOURT[1464].

ii) JEANNE . m GERVAIS de Mouy .

iii) IDOINE . m ROGER de Maule . 1195/1200.

c) EUDES . 1149.

d) HUGUES . 1149.

E. SEIGNEURS de GUISE

The town of Guise lies on the river Oise in eastern Picardie, south-east of Cambrai and east of Saint-Quentin. In Roman times, it fell administratively within the pagus Teoracensis [Thiérache][1465]. Charles II "le Chauve" King of the West Franks granted the fiefs of Hucquigny, near Guise, and Hannape to the historian Nithard in 845[1466]. Nithard, childless by his wife Erchanfride, donated his fiefdoms to the abbey of Prüm, Hannape being transferred subsequently to the abbey of Prémontré[1467]. It is thought that the fortress of Guise was constructed in the late 9th/early 10th century, the châtelains being vassals of the Comtes de Vermandois[1468]. The construction of the castle of Guise, which replaced the old fortress, is generally attributed to Godefroi de Guise (see below)[1469]. The Seigneurs de Guise also possessed the castles of Lesquielles and Hirson, and their two chapels[1470].

The origin of the later Seigneurs de Guise is not known. According to the Histoire de Guise, "Gauthier de Saint-Aubert avait épousé vers 986 une sœur du comte de Vermandois…Eleonore", the author speculating on the possibility of a relationship between Gauthier de Saint-Aubert and the family of the Seigneurs de Guise[1471].

1. GAUTHIER de Guise (-after 5 Aug 1058). "Walteri de Guisia" subscribed a charter of Henri I King of France in favour of the monastery of Hasnon dated 5 Aug 1058[1472].

2. GEOFFROY de Guise . The construction of the castle of Guise, which replaced the old fortress, is generally attributed to Godefroi de Guise[1473]. Seigneur de Guise. m as her first husband, ADA de Ramerupt, daughter of HILDUIN IV de Montdidier et de Ramerupt Comte de Roucy & his wife Adelaide de Roucy (-bur Abbaye de Liessies). The Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines names "Ada…de Guisia" as sixth daughter of Ebles Comte de Roucy[1474]. The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "quartam…Hilduini comitis filiam Adam" as wife firstly of "Godefridus de Guisia" and secondly of "Galterum de Aat" and thirdly of "Theoderico de Avesnis"[1475]. She married secondly Gautier Seigneur de Ath, and thirdly Thierry Seigneur d'Avesnes. She built the convent of Lessies with her third husband, where she retired after his death and was buried[1476]. Geoffroy & his wife had two children:

a) GUY de Guise (-after 1124). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Guidonem" as son of "Godefridus de Guisia" & his wife[1477]. Seigneur de Guise.

- see below.

b) ALBERT de Guise . Albert de Guise is named in a charter of Nicolas Bishop of Cambrai dated 1141[1478].

GUY de Guise, son of GEOFFROY Seigneur de Guise & his wife Ada de Ramerupt (-after 1124). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Guidonem" as son of "Godefridus de Guisia" & his wife[1479]. Seigneur de Guise. "Widonis de Lecherii [Lesquielles]" subscribed the charter dated 1104 under which Godefroi de Ribemont donated property to the monastery of Saint-Prix[1480], the castle of Lesquielles being another property of the Seigneurs de Guise (see above). "Bartholomeus…Laudunensis episcopus" noted that "Guidone de Guisia" donated property to the abbey of Femy, with the consent of "uxoris suæ Aeluidis", by charter dated Dec 1120[1481]. The family relationship between the bishop and the Guise family has not yet been traced. Guy de Guise donated property to the abbey of Saint-Prix de Saint-Quentin by charter dated 1123[1482]. "Wido Leschiriensis idem et Guisciensis" granted rights to the abbey of Saint-André du Câteau at the request of his wife "Adeluyæ" and his mother Ada, and with the consent of his sons Adam and Bouchard, by charter dated 1124[1483].

m as her first husband, ADELINE [Helvide/Méchaine] de Montmorency, daughter of BOUCHARD [III] Seigneur de Montmorency & his first wife Agnes de Beaumont. "Bartholomeus…Laudunensis episcopus" noted that "Guidone de Guisia" donated property to the abbey of Femy, with the consent of "uxoris suæ Aeluidis", by charter dated Dec 1120[1484]. The primary source which confirms her parentage and second marriage has not yet been identified. She married secondly Henri ---. The Histoire de Guise refers to her second marriage, stating that her second husband consented to Adeline's donation to the church of Prémontré at Clairefontaine[1485].

Guy & his wife had nine children:

1. ADAM de Guise (-after 1124). "Wido Leschiriensis idem et Guisciensis" granted rights to the abbey of Saint-André du Câteau at the request of his wife "Adeluyæ" and his mother Ada, and with the consent of his sons Adam and Bouchard, by charter dated 1124[1486].

2. BOUCHARD de Guise (-after 1161). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Burgardum et Godefridum et sorores eorum" as childen of "Guidonem [de Guisia]"[1487]. Seigneur de Guise. "Wido Leschiriensis idem et Guisciensis" granted rights to the abbey of Saint-André du Câteau at the request of his wife "Adeluyæ" and his mother Ada, and with the consent of his sons Adam and Bouchard, by charter dated 1124[1488]. Burgard Seigneur de Guise, Aelide his wife and Godefroy his brother granted rights of free circulation of goods by charter dated 1155[1489]. m ALIDE, daughter of ---. Burgard Seigneur de Guise, Aelide his wife and Godefroy his brother granted rights of free circulation of goods by charter dated 1155[1490]. Bouchard & his wife had one child:

a) ADELINE de Guise (-1196 or after). The Chronicon Hanoniense names "Adelviam Buchardi de Guisa filiam" as wife of "Iacobum [filium Nicholai…de Avethnes]"[1491]. The late 13th century genealogy by Balduinus de Avennis records that "Nicolai Plukelli filius primogenitus Jacobus" married "Adeluyam unicam filiam Bouchardi domini de Guisia"[1492]. Adelaide Dame de Guise, with the consent of Gautier her son and her other children, made a donation for the soul of her later husband Jacques d'Avesnes by charter dated 1196[1493]. m ([1163/68]) JACQUES d'Avesnes, son of NICOLAS Seigneur d'Avesnes & his wife Mahaut de la Roche ([1150]-killed in battle Arsuf, Palestine 7 Sep 1191).

3. GODEFROI de Guise (-after 1155). The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Burgardum et Godefridum et sorores eorum" as childen of "Guidonem [de Guisia]"[1494]. Burgard Seigneur de Guise, Aelide his wife and Godefroy his brother granted rights of free circulation of goods by charter dated 1155[1495]. m BEATRIX, daughter of ---. Godefroy de Guise and his wife Beatrix approved donations of property to the abbey of Tronquoy[1496]. Godefroi & his wife had five children:

a) RENIER de Guise (-after 1189). The Histoire de Guise names "Renier…Havide, Mathilde, Marie, Adelewide" as the children of Godefroy de Guise and his wife Beatrix, as well as Renier's wife "Awelvia ou Adèle" and their children "Gauthier, Godefroy et Renier tous vivants en 1189"[1497]. m ADELA, daughter of ---.

b) HAVIDE de Guise (-after 1189). The Histoire de Guise names "Renier…Havide, Mathilde, Marie, Adelewide" as the children of Godefroy de Guise and his wife Beatrix "…tous vivants en 1189"[1498].

c) MATHILDE de Guise (-after 1189). The Histoire de Guise names "Renier…Havide, Mathilde, Marie, Adelewide" as the children of Godefroy de Guise and his wife Beatrix "…tous vivants en 1189"[1499].

d) MARIE de Guise (-after 1189). The Histoire de Guise names "Renier…Havide, Mathilde, Marie, Adelewide" as the children of Godefroy de Guise and his wife Beatrix "…tous vivants en 1189"[1500].

e) ADELAIDE de Guise (-after 1189). The Histoire de Guise names "Renier…Havide, Mathilde, Marie, Adelewide" as the children of Godefroy de Guise and his wife Beatrix "…tous vivants en 1189"[1501].

4. RENIER de Guise . The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

5. ADELINE . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m ROGUES Seigneur de Roye et de Germigny.

6. HAVOISE . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Burgardum et Godefridum et sorores eorum" as childen of "Guidonem [de Guisia]", specifying that one sister married "Simone de Inci" their children being "Hugonem et Galterum"[1502]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. m SIMON de Inchy, son of ---.

7. daughter . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Burgardum et Godefridum et sorores eorum" as childen of "Guidonem [de Guisia]", specifying that one sister married "Anselmo, filio Hulardi de Sancto Quintino" their children being "duas filias; quarum una nupsit Guidoni de Moi"[1503]. m ANSELM de Saint-Quentin, son of HULARD de Saint-Quentin & his wife ---.

8. daughter . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Burgardum et Godefridum et sorores eorum" as childen of "Guidonem [de Guisia]", specifying that the third sister married "Duido de Wspais" their children being "Matheum et Guidonem et sorores eorum"[1504]. m DUDO d'Ypres, son of ---.

9. daughter . The Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis names "Burgardum et Godefridum et sorores eorum" as childen of "Guidonem [de Guisia]", specifying that the fourth sister married "Rainero agnomine Muto" their children being "Renerum et filias"[1505]. m RAINIER "Muto" ---.

F. SEIGNEURS de HAM

It is not known whether there is a connection between Eudes Seigneur de Ham and Simon, possible son of Eudes Comte de Vermandois. The primary sources which confirm the parentage and marriages of the members of the following family have not yet been identified, unless otherwise stated below.

EUDES Seigneur de Ham, son of ---. A charter dated 5 Jul 1101 records the settlement of a dispute between "Hamensis Odo" and Compiègne Saint-Corneille relating to two serfs[1506]. 1106/before 1144.

m ---. The name of Eudes´s wife is not known.

Eudes & his wife had two children:

1. GERARD de Ham . 1182. Seigneur de Ham. m MARGUERITE, daughter of ---.

2. LANCELIN de Ham (-before 1182). m ---. The name of Lancelin´s wife is not known. Lancelin & his wife had five children:

a) EUDES [II] de Ham (-1234). m ISABELLE de Bethancourt, daughter of RAOUL de Bethancourt & his wife ---. Eudes [II] & his wife had one child:

i) EUDES [III] dit OUDART de Ham . 1260. m HELVIS Dame de Catheu, daughter of ---. Eudes [III] & his wife had three children:

(a) JEAN [I] de Ham . m MARIE, daughter of ---. Jean [I] & his wife had three children:

(1) EUDES [IV] dit OUDART de Ham . 1326. m ISABELLE de Heilly Dame d'Authie, daughter of ---. 1353. Eudes [IV] & his wife had two children:

a. JEAN [II] de Ham (-[1344/45]). m ---. The name of Jean´s wife is not known. Jean [II] & his wife had [eight] children:

(i) JEAN [III] de Ham . m (1362) MARIE de Pottes, daughter of ---. Jean [III] & his wife had two children:

(a) JEANNE de Ham . 1380. Demoiselle de Ham.

(b) MARIE de Ham . Dame de Ham. m ENGUERRAND Sire de Coucy, son of ---.

(ii) EUDES de Ham . 1349.

(iii) FERRY de Ham .

(iv) HECTOR de Ham . 1362. Seigneur de Douilly.

(v) THOMAS de Ham .

(vi) GILLE de Ham .

(vii) MARIE de Ham . m DREUX dit Galehaut de Fieffes Seigneur de Villiers et de Séraucourt.

(viii) [AGNES de Ham . m THOMAS de Coucy, son of ---.]

b. EUDES [V] dit OUDART de Ham .

(2) JEAN de Ham . 1341. m MARGUERITE, daughter of ---.

(b) GERARD de Ham . Chevalier. Seigneur de Douilly.

b) GERARD de Ham .

c) SIMON de Ham .

d) NICOLAS de Ham .

e) GODEFROI de Ham .

G. SEIGNEURS de TRIE

DROGO de Chaumont, son of GALON [II] Vicomte de Chaumont & his wife --- (-after 1099). "Drogo filius Walonis de Calvomonte" confirmed a donation of property to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise by "Willelmus qui agnominabatur Aculeius", with the consent of his unnamed wife and sons, by charter dated to after 1099[1507]. He joined the First Crusade and became a monk at Saint-Germer after 1099[1508].

m --- (-after 1099). The name of Drogo's wife is not known.

Drogo & his wife had three children:

1. ENGUERRAND [I] de Chaumont (-killed in battle 1119, bur Saint-Germer). After the death of "Drogoni filii Gualonis et uxoris eius et filiorum suorum Ingelranni atque Gualonis", "filius eiusdem Drogonis, Guillelmus Aculeus", to whom the whole inheritance had devolved, renounced the donation to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise by his father, by charter dated to after 1119[1509].

2. GALON [IV] de Chaumont (-killed in battle [1118/19]). After the death of "Drogoni filii Gualonis et uxoris eius et filiorum suorum Ingelranni atque Gualonis", "filius eiusdem Drogonis, Guillelmus Aculeus", to whom the whole inheritance had devolved, renounced the donation to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise by his father, by charter dated to after 1119[1510]. Chevalier de Trie.

3. GUILLAUME [II] "Aiguillon" de Chaumont (-before 1147). After the death of "Drogoni filii Gualonis et uxoris eius et filiorum suorum Ingelranni atque Gualonis", "filius eiusdem Drogonis, Guillelmus Aculeus", to whom the whole inheritance had devolved, renounced the donation to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise by his father, by charter dated to after 1119[1511]. m MARGUERITE de Gisors, daughter of HUGUES [II] de Gisors & his wife Mathilde --- (-1147). "Margarita uxor Willelmi Aculeii de Treja" donated property to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise on her deathbed, with the advice of "fratris sui Theobaudi de Gisortio" for the soul of "viri sui Willelmi", and in the presence of "frater eius Theobaldus et quatuor filiæ suæ Oda…et Ydonea et Adelaidis et Mathildis" by charter dated 1147, which specifies that "Ingelramnus filius" was not present because "Theobaldus avunculus eius" prevented him[1512]. Guillaume [II] & his wife had six children:

a) ODA (-after 1147). "…quatuor filiæ suæ Oda…et Ydonea et Adelaidis et Mathildis" were present for the donation by "Margarita uxor Willelmi Aculeii de Treja" to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise on her deathbed, by charter dated 1147[1513].

b) IDOINE (-[1208]). "…quatuor filiæ suæ Oda…et Ydonea et Adelaidis et Mathildis" were present for the donation by "Margarita uxor Willelmi Aculeii de Treja" to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise on her deathbed, by charter dated 1147[1514]. m (before 1160) GUILLAUME [IV] Seigneur de Garlande, son of GUILLAUME [III] Seigneur de Garlande & his wife Agnes de Crépy (-[1191/1200]).

c) ADELAIDE (-after 1147). "…quatuor filiæ suæ Oda…et Ydonea et Adelaidis et Mathildis" were present for the donation by "Margarita uxor Willelmi Aculeii de Treja" to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise on her deathbed, by charter dated 1147[1515].

d) MATHILDE (-after 1147). "…quatuor filiæ suæ Oda…et Ydonea et Adelaidis et Mathildis" were present for the donation by "Margarita uxor Willelmi Aculeii de Treja" to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise on her deathbed, by charter dated 1147[1516].

e) ENGUERRAND [II] "Aiguillon" de Trie (-1206 or after). The charter dated 1147 under which "Margarita uxor Willelmi Aculeii de Treja" donated property to Saint-Martin-de-Pontoise on her deathbed specifies that "Ingelramnus filius" was not present because "Theobaldus avunculus eius" prevented him[1517]. Sire de Mouchy 1169. m (after 1161) as her second husband, HEDDIVA [Basilie] de Mouchy, widow of NIVELON de Pierrefonds, daughter of DREUX de Mouchy & his wife ---. The Historia Gloriosi Regis Ludovici VII records that "Nivilo de Petra-fonte et Drogo de Merloto" married "duas filias Drogonis de Monceio", and that after the death of the former his widow married "Ingeranno de Tria"[1518]. The primary source which confirms her name has not yet been identified. Enguerrand [II] & his wife had six children:

i) GUILLAUME .

ii) MARGUERITE .

iii) JEAN [I] (-1237). Châtelain de Trie.

- COMTES de DAMMARTIN.

iv) PIERRE .

v) GUILLAUME .

vi) ELISABETH (-10 Feb after 1219). m (before 1187) GUY [V] de Senlis (-before 1228).

f) ENGUERRAND . 1177.

[1] Sinclair, S. (1985) Atlas de Géographie Historique de la France et de la Gaule (Paris), p. 182.

[2] Nicholas, D. (1992) Medieval Flanders (Longman), p. 17.

[3] Sinclair (1985), p. 42.

[4] Saint-Phalle, E. de 'Les comtes de Gâtinais aux X et XI siècles', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 234.

[5] ES III 657.

[6] Guérard, M. (ed.) (1840) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Père de Chartres (Paris) ("Chartres Saint-Père"), Tome I, p. 56 footnote 1.

[7] Thillier, J. and Jarry, E. (eds.) (1906) Cartulaire de Sainte-Croix d'Orléans 814-1300 (Paris) ("Sainte-Croix d'Orléans") LXIII, p. 123.

[8] RHGF X, IV, p. 552.

[9] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Germain-des-Prés, p. 248.

[10] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Sainte-Colombe, p. 15.

[11] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.

[12] ES III 657.

[13] RHGF X, IV, p. 552.

[14] Sainte-Croix d'Orléans LXIII, p. 123.

[15] RHGF X, IV, p. 552.

[16] RHGF X, IV, p. 552.

[17] Sainte-Croix d'Orléans LXIII, p. 123.

[18] RHGF X, IV, p. 552.

[19] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLIII, p. 170.

[20] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLIII, p. 170.

[21] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLIII, p. 170.

[22] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLIII, p. 170.

[23] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLVI, p. 173.

[24] Chibnall, M. (ed. and trans.) The Ecclesiastical History of Orderic Vitalis (Oxford Medieval Texts, 1969-80), Vol. II, Book III, p. 117, and Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[25] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[26] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 274.

[27] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[28] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[29] RHGF X, L, p. 622.

[30] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLVI, p. 173.

[31] Florence of Worcester, 1051, p. 150.

[32] Florence of Worcester 1055, p. 157.

[33] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLVI, p. 173.

[34] Simeon of Durham, p. 535.

[35] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[36] Vernier, J. J. (ed.) (1916) Chartes de l'abbaye de Jumièges, Tome I c 825-1169 (Rouen, Paris), 14, p. 46.

[37] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLVI, p. 173.

[38] Chartres Saint-Père, Codex Diplomaticus Pars Tertia ex Schedis D. Muley, 4, p. 625.

[39] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book III, p. 117.

[40] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book III, p. 119.

[41] Obituaires de Sens Tome II, Abbaye de Saint-Père-enVallée, p. 193.

[42] William of Poitiers, p. 362.

[43] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[44] RHGF X, L, p. 622.

[45] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLVI, p. 173.

[46] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[47] Yves de Chartres, Epistola 45, Patrologia Latina, Tome 162, col. 57.

[48] Amiens I, 9, p. 14.

[49] Amiens I, 9, p. 14.

[50] Charles du Fresne Sieur Du Cange (1840) Histoire de l´état de la ville d´Amiens et de ses comtes (Amiens) ("Ducange (1840)"), p. 239.

[51] Ducange (1840), p. 239.

[52] ES III 644.

[53] Lecoy de la Marche, A. (ed.) (1867) Œuvres complètes de Suger: Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis (Paris) (“Suger Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis“) III, p. 21.

[54] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[55] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[56] Mathieu, J. N. 'La succession au comté de Roucy aux environs de l'an mil', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 78 footnote 30, quoting Plessis, T. du. (1728) Histoire de la ville et des seigneurs de Coucy (Paris), p. 128.

[57] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 851.

[58] Chronicon Sancti Huberti Andaginensis 65 (77), MGH SS VIII, p. 601.

[59] Bourgin, G. (ed.) (1907) Guibert de Nogent, Histoire de sa vie (1053-1124) (Paris) ("Guibert de Nogent"), Liber III, III and X, pp. 135 and 181.

[60] Annales Lobienses 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[61] Noulens (1888), p. 24, citing Malbrancq, J. (1654) De Morinis et morinorum rebus, Tome II, p. 489 [not yet consulted].

[62] Guibert de Nogent, Liber III, III and X, pp. 135 and 181.

[63] Ducange (1840), p. 239.

[64] Ducange (1840), p. 239.

[65] Annales Lobienses 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[66] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[67] Guibert de Nogent, Liber III, VII, p. 160.

[68] Suger Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis VII, p. 21.

[69] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 538.

[70] Suger Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis XXX, p. 131.

[71] Guizot, M. (ed.) (1825) Chronique de Guillaume de Nangis, Collection des Mémoires relatifs à l'histoire de France (Paris) (“Guillaume de Nangis”), p. 13.

[72] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[73] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 506.

[74] Annales Lobienses 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[75] Annales Lobienses 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[76] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[77] Annales Lobienses 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[78] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 506.

[79] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[80] Annales Lobienses 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[81] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[82] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[83] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[84] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[85] Müller, E. (ed.) (1900) Le prieuré de Saint-Leu d´Esserent, Cartulaire première partie 1080-1150 (Pontoise) ("Esserent Saint-Leu"), XCIV, p. 97.

[86] Villehardouin, 1, p. 30.

[87] Esserent Saint-Leu, XCIV, p. 97.

[88] Esserent Saint-Leu, XCIV, p. 97.

[89] Villehardouin, 1, p. 30.

[90] Esserent Saint-Leu, XCIV, p. 97.

[91] Esserent Saint-Leu, XCIV, p. 97.

[92] Guibert de Nogent, Liber XIV, p. 201.

[93] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[94] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[95] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[96] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 323.

[97] Ex Vita S. Godefridis Ambianensis Episcopi, RHGF, XIV, p. 178.

[98] Guibert de Nogent, Liber XIV, p. 198.

[99] Lecoy de la Marche, A. (ed.) (1867) Œuvres complètes de Suger (Paris) ("Suger") Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis XXIII, p. 95.

[100] Noulens, J. (1888) Maison d´Amiens, histoire généalogique (Paris), p. 24, citing Malbrancq, J. (1654) De Morinis et morinorum rebus, Tome II, p. 489 [not yet consulted].

[101] Guibert de Nogent, Liber XIV, p. 201.

[102] Guibert de Nogent, Liber XIV, p. 201.

[103] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[104] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[105] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 323.

[106] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[107] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 323.

[108] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 323.

[109] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[110] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[111] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[112] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[113] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 323.

[114] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 325, quoting (in translation) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Saint-Lucien de Beauvais, fol. 149.

[115] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 326.

[116] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IV, p. 325, quoting (in translation) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Saint-Lucien de Beauvais, fol. 149.

[117] Noulens (1888), Preuves, VIII, p. 332, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 354.

[118] Villehardouin, 36.

[119] Noulens (1888), Preuves, VIII, p. 348, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 356.

[120] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IX, p. 337, quoting Roze, J. B. M. (1885) Nécrologe de l´Eglise d´Amiens, pp. 181-2.

[121] Villehardouin, 36.

[122] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IX, p. 337, quoting Roze, J. B. M. (1885) Nécrologe de l´Eglise d´Amiens, pp. 181-2.

[123] Noulens (1888), Preuves, XVI, p. 351, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 357.

[124] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IX, p. 337, quoting Roze, J. B. M. (1885) Nécrologe de l´Eglise d´Amiens, pp. 181-2.

[125] ES XIII 6-7.

[126] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IX, p. 337, quoting Roze, J. B. M. (1885) Nécrologe de l´Eglise d´Amiens, pp. 181-2.

[127] Père Anselme, VIII, p. 628.

[128] ES XIII 8.

[129] Noulens (1888), Preuves, VIII, p. 348, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 356.

[130] Noulens (1888), Preuves, XVI, p. 351, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 357.

[131] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IX, p. 337, quoting Roze, J. B. M. (1885) Nécrologe de l´Eglise d´Amiens, pp. 181-2.

[132] Noulens (1888), Preuves, XVI, p. 351, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 357.

[133] Noulens (1888), Preuves, IX, p. 337, quoting Roze, J. B. M. (1885) Nécrologe de l´Eglise d´Amiens, pp. 181-2.

[134] Noulens (1888), Preuves, XVI, p. 351, quoting Passier, H. and A. (1877) Trésor généalogique de Dom Villevieille, Tome I, p. 357.

[135] Amiens I, 6, p. 10.

[136] Amiens I, 5, p. 9.

[137] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[138] Domesday Descendants, p. 698, citing Salter, H. E. (ed.) (1929-36) The Oseney Cartulary (Oxford), Vol. V, p. 1037.

[139] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome II, col. 826.

[140] La Gorgue-Rosny, L. E. de (1877) Recherches généalogiques sur les comtés de Ponthieu, de Boulogne, de Guines et pays circonvoisins, Documents inédits (Boulogne-sur-Mer), Extraits du Cartulaire de Picquigny, p. 30.

[141] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome II, col. 826.

[142] Veterum Scriptorum, Tome II, col. 837.

[143] Dugdale Monasticon V, Melsa Abbey, Yorkshire, II, Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia, p. 394.

[144] Hanna, K. A. The Cartularies of Southwick Priory, Hampshire Record Series 9-10 (Winchester, 1988-89) I.118, p. 70, cited in Domesday Descendants, p. 635.

[145] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Extraits du Cartulaire de Picquigny, p. 30.

[146] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Extraits du Cartulaire de Picquigny, p. 30.

[147] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Extraits du Cartulaire de Picquigny, p. 30.

[148] Esserent Saint-Leu, LXII, p. 63.

[149] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Extraits du Cartulaire de Picquigny, p. 30.

[150] Darsy, F. I. (1860) Picquigny et ses seigneurs, vidames d´Amiens (Abbeville), p. 26, citing Hermannus monachus De miraculis sanctæ Mariæ laudunensis, lib. II, cap. XVII, p. 540 (available in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 156, not yet consulted).

[151] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Extraits du Cartulaire de Picquigny, p. 30.

[152] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[153] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[154] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[155] Brièle, L. (ed.) (1894) Archives de l´Hôtel-Dieu de Paris (Paris) ("Paris Hôtel-Dieu"), 481, p. 234.

[156] Paris Hôtel-Dieu, 481, p. 234.

[157] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[158] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[159] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[160] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[161] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[162] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[163] ES XIII 144, extinct in the male line after 1510.

[164] Vanderkindere, A. (1902) La formation territoriale des principautés belges au moyen-âge (Brussels), Vol. 1, p. 283.

[165] Annales Vedastini 892, MGH SS II, p. 527. .

[166] Sinclair (1985), p. 42.

[167] Sinclair (1985), p. 47.

[168] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1874) Matthæi Parisiensis, Monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica Majora (London) (“MP”), Vol. V, 1250, p. 158.

[169] MP, Vol. V, 1250, p. 153.

[170] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Sainte-Chapelle, p. 815.

[171] Nicholas (1992), p. 156.

[172] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 2387, p. 293.

[173] Oude Kronik van Brabant, Codex Diplomaticus Neerlandicus, Second Series (Utrecht 1855), deerde deel, Part 1, p. 65.

[174] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1237, MGH SS XXIII, p. 941.

[175] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 548.

[176] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[177] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 494.

[178] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1869) Annales Monastici Vol. IV, Annales de Oseneia, Chronicon Thomæ Wykes, Annales de Wigornia (London), Thomas Wykes, pp. 266-7.

[179] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 500.

[180] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Abbaye de Maubuisson, p. 656.

[181] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 500.

[182] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 514.

[183] Bruch, H. (ed.) (1973) Chronologia Johannis de Beke (The Hague), 78a, p. 255, available at < http://www.inghist.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten /KroniekVanJohannesDeBekeTot1430/latijn> (31 Aug 2006).

[184] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 581.

[185] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 500.

[186] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 500.

[187] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, pp. 500 and 528.

[188] Stouff, L. (1899) Les comtes de Bourgogne et leurs villes domaniales, Cartulaire de la ville d´Arbois au comté de Bourgogne (Paris) ("Arbois"), 3, p. 21.

[189] Foppens, J. F. (1748) Diplomatum Belgicorum nova collectio, sive supplementum ad opera diplomatica Auberti Miræi (Brussels), Tome IV, Pars II, CXVIII, p. 267.

[190] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 500.

[191] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 581.

[192] RHGF XX, Gesta Philippi Tertii Francorum Regis, p. 500.

[193] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 581.

[194] RHGF XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 584.

[195] RHGF XXIII, Ex Obituario ecclesiæ Ebroicensis, p. 463.

[196] RHGF XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 598.

[197] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 581.

[198] Archives départementales des Basses-Pyrénées, E 293. [J.-C. Chuat]

[199] Arch. nat. Fr., JJ 38, no. 87, fo. 48-49. [J.-C. Chuat]

[200] 24 Mar 1349/1350 à Orthez (Pyrénées-Atlantiques). Arch. nat. Fr., J. 880, no. 16 and copy at Bibliothèque nat. Fr., Dép. Manuscrits, Provinces, Languedoc, Collection Doat, 190, f° 193. †1350 Orthez (Pyrénées-Atlantiques). [J.-C. Chuat]

[201] RHGF XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 599.

[202] Borgnet, J. & Bormans, S. (eds.) (1878) Cartulaire de la commune de Namur, Tome II (Namur) ("Namur (Borgnet & Bormans)"), 66, p. 1.

[203] Namur (Borgnet & Bormans), Tome II, 75, p. 34.

[204] RHGF XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 598.

[205] RHGF XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 598.

[206] RHGF XX, Continuatio Chronici Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 617.

[207] RHGF XXIII, Chronique des comtes d´Eu, p. 447.

[208] RHGF XXIII, Chronique des comtes d´Eu, p. 448.

[209] RHGF XXIII, Chronique des comtes d´Eu, p. 448.

[210] Brassart, F. (1877) Histoire du Château et de la Châtellenie de Douai, Preuves (Douai), I, p. 1.

[211] Brassart Preuves (1877), II, p. 4.

[212] Duvivier, C. (1898) Actes et documents anciens interéssant la Belgique (Brussels), p. 182.

[213] Chronicon Sancti Andreæ, Castri Cameracensis I.6, MGH SS VII, p. 528.

[214] Duvivier (1898), p. 198.

[215] Brassart Preuves (1877), IV, p. 7.

[216] Brassart Preuves (1877), V, p. 8.

[217] Brassart Preuves (1877), XII, p. 16.

[218] Duvivier (1898), p. 198.

[219] ES XIII 99A.

[220] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXII, p. 35.

[221] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXIV, p. 38.

[222] Brassart Preuves (1877), XII, p. 16.

[223] Duvivier (1898), p. 198.

[224] Brassart Preuves (1877), IV, p. 7.

[225] Chronicon Sancti Andreæ, Castri Cameracensis I.6, MGH SS VII, p. 528.

[226] Gesta Pontificum Cameracensium (Gesta Burchardi I), 5, p. 117.

[227] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium continuatio 20, MGH SS VII, p. 495.

[228] Brassart Preuves (1877), XIX, p. 31.

[229] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXVII, p. 41.

[230] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXX, p. 45.

[231] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXXI, p. 46.

[232] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXXII, p. 47.

[233] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXXIII, p. 47.

[234] Brassart Preuves (1877), XL, p. 55.

[235] Brassart Preuves (1877), p. 112, citing Obituaire de Saint-Amé (no citation reference).

[236] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLIII, p. 60.

[237] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLIV, p. 61.

[238] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVII, p. 65.

[239] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXXII, p. 47.

[240] Brassart Preuves (1877), XXXIII, p. 47.

[241] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVII, p. 65.

[242] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[243] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[244] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[245] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[246] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[247] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[248] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLIII, p. 60.

[249] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLIV, p. 61.

[250] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVII, p. 65.

[251] Brassart (1877), p. 120, citing Arch. depart, obituaire de Saint-Amé, de la fin du XIII siècle.

[252] Brassart Preuves (1877), XLVIII, p. 66.

[253] Brassart Preuves (1877), LI, p. 70.

[254] Brassart Preuves (1877), L, p. 69.

[255] Brassart Preuves (1877), LV, p. 75.

[256] Brassart Preuves (1877), L, p. 69.

[257] Brassart Preuves (1877), LVIII, p. 80.

[258] Brassart Preuves (1877), LXIII, p. 85.

[259] Brassart Preuves (1877), LV, p. 75.

[260] Brassart Preuves (1877), LX, p. 82.

[261] Brassart Preuves (1877), LX, p. 82.

[262] Brassart Preuves (1877), LXVII, p. 94.

[263] Brassart (1877), pp. 141-200.

[264] Brassart Preuves (1877), LIX, p. 81.

[265] Brassart Preuves (1877), LXIII, p. 85.

[266] Brassart Preuves (1877), LI, p. 70.

[267] Miraeus (Le Mire), A. (1723) Opera diplomatica et historica, 2nd edn. (Louvain), Tome I, XXX, p. 150.

[268] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, XXX, p. 150.

[269] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, XXX, p. 150.

[270] Miraeus (Le Mire), A. (1723) Opera diplomatica et historica, 2nd edn. (Louvain), Tome II, Supplement, Pars III, XXIV, p. 1142.

[271] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement, Pars III, XXIV, p. 1142.

[272] Nicholas (1992), p. 40.

[273] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, pp. 299-.

[274] Vanderkindere I, p. 283.

[275] Vanderkindere I, p. 283.

[276] Annales Vedastini 886, MGH SS II, p. 523.

[277] Annales Vedastini 896, MGH SS II, p. 530, footnote 80. .

[278] Ex Sermone de Adventu SS Wandregisili, Ansberti et Vulfranni 14, MGH SS XV.2, p. 629.

[279] Ex Vita Bertulfi Renticensis 22, MGH SS XV.2, p. 635.

[280] Karoli III et Heinrici I pactum ad Bonnam castrum, MGH LL 1, p. 567.

[281] Genealogiæ Comitum Flandriæ, Witgeri Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis MGH SS IX, p. 303.

[282] Guérard, M. (ed.) (1840) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Bertin (Paris) ("Saint-Bertin"), II.73, 918, p. 138.

[283] Lokeren, A. van (1868) Chartes et documents de l´abbaye de Saint Pierre au Mont Blandin à Gand (Gand) ("Gand Saint-Pierre"), 14, p. 20, and Fayen, A. (1906) Cartulaire de la ville de Gand, Chartes et documents T. I, Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis (Gand) ("Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis"), 60, p. 52.

[284] Annales Blandinienses 933, MGH SS V, p. 25.

[285] De Arnulfo Comite MGH SS IX, p. 304.

[286] Nicholas (1992), p. 40.

[287] Saint-Bertin II.78, p. 153.

[288] Nicholas (1992), p. 42.

[289] Gand Saint-Pierre 45, p. 44.

[290] De Arnulfo Comite MGH SS IX, p. 304.

[291] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 74, p. 78.

[292] Nicholas (1992), p. 43.

[293] De Arnulfo Comite MGH SS IX, p. 304.

[294] Gand Saint-Pierre, 39, p. 42, and Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 75, p. 79.

[295] Annales Blandinienses 973, MGH SS V, p. 25.

[296] Annales Formoselenses 973, MGH SS V, p. 35.

[297] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 15, MGH SS XXIV, p. 569.

[298] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 15, MGH SS XXIV, p. 569.

[299] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 14, MGH SS XXIV, p. 569.

[300] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 96, p. 92.

[301] Prarond, E. (ed.) (1899) Chronicon Centulense ou Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, traduction d'Hariulfe par le Marquis Le Ver (Abbeville) ("Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier") IV.XII, p. 218.

[302] ES II 2.

[303] Duvivier (1898), pp. 37-8.

[304] Duvivier (1898), pp. 166-8.

[305] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[306] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[307] Flandria Generosa 19, MGH SS IX, p. 322.

[308] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[309] Murray, A. V. (2000) The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: a dynastic history 1099-1125 (Prosopographica & Genealogica), p. 28,

[310] Delisle, L. (ed.) (1872) Chronique de Robert de Torigni, abbé de Mont-Saint-Michel (Rouen), I, 1026, p. 34.

[311] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[312] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[313] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book IV, p. 265.

[314] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[315] Michel, F. (ed.) (1836) Chroniques Anglo-Normandes, Tome II (Rouen), Vita et Passio Waldevi Comitis, p. 112.

[316] Dugdale Monasticon III, Elstow Priory, Bedfordshire, I, p. 413.

[317] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, p. 275.

[318] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book IV, p. 263.

[319] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book IV, p. 321.

[320] Receuil des historiens des croisades, Histoire Occidentaux, ed. Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 5 vols (Paris, 1844-95) Vol. V, p. 631.

[321] Runciman, S. (1978) A History of the Crusades (Penguin), Vol. 2, p. 36, Appendix III Genealogical Table 1.

[322] Riley-Smith, J. S. C. (1977) The First Crusaders, 1095-1131 (Cambridge), p. 171

[323] Murray (2000), p. 173.

[324] Genealogica ex Stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 4, MGH SS XXV, p. 383.

[325] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[326] Stevenson, J. (trans.) (1855) The Historical Works of Simeon of Durham (London) (“Simeon of Durham”), p. 534.

[327] Garmonsway, G. N. (trans) (1972) The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (Dent), D, 1052 [1051], and E, 1048 [1051].

[328] Guérard, M. (ed.) (1840) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Bertin (Paris) ("Saint-Bertin"), I.14, 1056, p. 184.

[329] Davis, R. H. C. and Chibnall. M. (eds. and trans.) (1998) The Gesta Guillelmi of William of Poitiers (Oxford), II, c. 22.

[330] Murray (2000), p. 29.

[331] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[332] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 77.

[333] Forester, T. (trans.) (1854) The Chronicles of Florence of Worcester with two continuations (London) (“Florence of Worcester”), 1051, p. 150.

[334] Simeon of Durham, p. 534.

[335] Birth date range estimated from the likely birth of her second son in [1060].

[336] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. V, Book IX, p. 175.

[337] Ex Vita B. Idæ Boloniensis Comitissæ, RHGF XIV, p. 113.

[338] Saint-Bertin II.16, p. 227.

[339] Lamberti Audomariensis Chronica 1113, Catalogus Regum Langobardorum et Imperatorum, MGH SS V, p. 65.

[340] Saint-Bertin II.17, 1122, p. 229.

[341] Saint-Bertin II.16, p. 227.

[342] RHC, Historiens occidentaux II, Historia Rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum ("L'estoire de Eracles Empereur et la conqueste de la terre d'Outremer") (“WT”) I. XVII, p. 45.

[343] Murray (2000), p. 58.

[344] RHC, Historiens occidentaux, Tome IV (Paris, 1879), Alberti Aquensis Historia Hierosolymitana ("Albert of Aix (RHC)"), Liber II, Cap. XXI, p. 314.

[345] Haigneré, D. ´Quelques chartes de l´abbaye de Samer´, Mémoires de la société académique de Boulogne-sur-Mer, Tome XII, Cartulaires boulonnais I (Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1880), II, p. 112.

[346] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber XII, Cap. XXVIII, p. 707.

[347] Bernard, A. and Bruel, A. (eds.) (1876-1903) Recueil des chartes de l'abbaye de Cluny (Paris) Tome V, 3984, p. 340.

[348] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, p. 273.

[349] Thorpe, B. (ed.) (1849) Florentii Wigorniensis Monachi Chronicon, Tomus II (London) (“Florentii Wigornensis Monachi Chronicon”), p. 51.

[350] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, p. 275.

[351] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[352] Skene, W. F. (ed.) (1867) Chronicles of the Picts, Chronicles of the Scots, and other early memorials of Scottish history (Edinburgh) ("Skene (1867)"), XVI, Chronicle of the Scots 1165, Cronica Regum Scottorum, p. 132.

[353] Skene, W. F. (ed.) (1872) John of Fordun´s Chronicle of the Scottish Nation, Historians of Scotland Vol. IV (Edinburgh) ("John of Fordun")Book V, XXIX, p. 219.

[354] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, p. 275.

[355] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[356] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), IV, p. 117.

[357] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1152, p. 263, and 1154, p. 287.

[358] Murray (2000), p. 159.

[359] Saint-Bertin II.17, p. 229.

[360] Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. (2002) Domesday Descendants: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166. II. Pipe Rolls to Cartæ Baronum (Boydell) (“Domesday Descendants”), p. 885.

[361] Sharpe, Rev. J. (trans.), revised Stephenson, Rev. J. (1854) William of Malmesbury, The Kings before the Norman Conquest (Seeleys, London, reprint Llanerch, 1989) 385, p. 332.

[362] Röhricht, R. ed. (1893) Regesta Regni Hierosolymitani (Oeniponti), (Supplement) 68a, p. 4.

[363] Murray (2000), p. 204.

[364] Saint-Bertin II.16, p. 227.

[365] WT I. XVII, p. 45, III.XXIII, p. 146, and IX.V, p. 370.

[366] Annalista Saxo 1076.

[367] Murray (2000), p. 20.

[368] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, pp. 145-46.

[369] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. I, p. 299.

[370] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 149-52.

[371] Murray (2000), p. 71.

[372] Riley-Smith, J. C. 'The Title of Godfrey of Bouillon', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 52 (1979), 83-86 and Murray, A. V. 'The Title of Godfrey of Bouillon as Ruler of Jerusalem', Collegium Medievale 3 (1990), 163-78.

[373] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 296.

[374] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 305.

[375] RHC, Documents arméniens I (Paris, 1869), Extrait du Chronique de Matthieu d'Edesse II.XVI, p. 50.

[376] Saint-Bertin II.16, p. 227.

[377] WT I. XVII, p. 45, and RHC, Historiens occidentaux, V (Paris, 1895) Balduini III Historia Nicæna vel Antiochena IX, p. 144.

[378] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. I, p. 299.

[379] Murray (2000), p. 34-5.

[380] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, pp. 198-9.

[381] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, pp. 203-8.

[382] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 326.

[383] ES VIII 35.

[384] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. V, Book IX, p. 167, the editor in footnote 5 identifying him as Conan count of Montacute. She is not listed among the children of Eustache III Comte de Boulogne & his wife Ida of Lotharingia given in Orderic Vitalis, Vol. V, Book IX, p. 175.

[385] Murray (2000), p. 164.

[386] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire IV, p. 1017.

[387] Murray (2000), p. 164.

[388] Davis, H. W. C. (ed.) (1913) Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum (Oxford), Vol. I, 202, p. 54.

[389] Domesday Descendants, p. 412.

[390] Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum (1913), Vol. I, 202, p. 54.

[391] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire IV, p. 1017.

[392] Hunter, J. (ed.) (1833) Magnum rotulum scaccarii vel magnum rotulum pipæ de anno 31 regni Henrici primi (London) ("Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30)"), Surrey, p. 50.

[393] Domesday Descendants, p. 336.

[394] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire IV, p. 1017.

[395] Domesday Descendants, p. 336.

[396] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Surrey, p. 50.

[397] Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum (1968), Vol. III, 51, p. 18.

[398] Domesday Descendants, p. 886, citing Chibnall, M. (1951) Select Documents of the English Lands of the Abbey of Bec (London), XLIX.

[399] Domesday Descendants, p. 886, citing Chibnall, M. (1951) Select Documents of the English Lands of the Abbey of Bec (London), XLIX.

[400] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Bec Abbey, Normandy III, p. 1068.

[401] Domesday Descendants, p. 336.

[402] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[403] Testa de Nevill, Part I, p. 84.

[404] Testa de Nevill, Part I, p. 240.

[405] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire IV, p. 1017.

[406] Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum (1968), Vol. III, 541, p. 200.

[407] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Okeburn Priory, Wiltshire IV, p. 1017.

[408] Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum (1968), Vol. III, 541, p. 200.

[409] Domesday Descendants, p. 412.

[410] Haigneré, D. (ed.) (1886) Les chartes de Saint-Bertin d´après le grand cartulaire de Dom Charles-Joseph Dewitte (Saint-Omer) ("Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire)"), Tome I, 215, p. 95.

[411] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, p. 275.

[412] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 301.

[413] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), IV, p. 117.

[414] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1152, p. 263, and 1154, p. 287.

[415] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1154, MGH SS XXIII, p. 842.

[416] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1154, MGH SS XXIII, p. 842.

[417] MP, Vol. II, 1160, p. 216. He also specifies that two daughters were born from this marriage.

[418] Migne Patrologia Latina, Vol. 200, Alexander III Epistolæ et Privilegia, CXIV, col. 0184D.

[419] Kerrebrouck, P. Van (2000) Les Capétiens 987-1328 (Villeneuve d'Asq), p. 541.

[420] Flandria Generosa (Continuatio Bruxellensis), MGH SS IX, p. 325.

[421] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, pp. 515-16.

[422] Annales Egmundani 1181, MGH SS XVI, p. 469.

[423] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 202, MGH SS XXIV, p. 758.

[424] Poull, G. (1991) La Maison ducale de Lorraine (Nancy), p. 361.

[425] Poull (1991), p. 361.

[426] ES III 649 (Les Comtes de Dammartin-en-Goële).

[427] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), II, p. 112.

[428] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), III, p. 115.

[429] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), II, p. 112.

[430] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), IV, p. 117.

[431] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), II, p. 112.

[432] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), III, p. 115.

[433] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), IV, p. 117.

[434] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), II, p. 112.

[435] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), III, p. 115.

[436] Haigneré ´Samer´ (1880), IV, p. 117.

[437] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[438] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[439] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[440] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[441] Foppens, J. F. (1734) Diplomatum Belgicorum nova collectio, sive supplementum ad opera diplomatica Auberti Miræi (Brussels), Tome III, Pars I, LXXI, p. 62.

[442] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 212, p. 213.

[443] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 213, p. 214.

[444] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[445] Dugdale Monasticon VI.2, Bec Abbey, Normandy III, p. 1068.

[446] Domesday Descendants, p. 336.

[447] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[448] Testa de Nevill, Part I, p. 84.

[449] Testa de Nevill, Part I, p. 240.

[450] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[451] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXXXIII, p. 404.

[452] Testa de Nevill, Part I, p. 84.

[453] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXXXIII, p. 404.

[454] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXXXIII, p. 404.

[455] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[456] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, XCI, p. 569.

[457] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[458] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[459] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[460] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[461] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXXXIII, p. 404.

[462] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[463] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 40, MGH SS XXIV, p. 581.

[464] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXXXIII, p. 404.

[465] Société des Archives Historiques du Maine (1905) Cartulaire de Château-du-Loir, Archives historiques du Maine Tome VI (Le Mans) (“Château-du-Loir”) 185, p. 151.

[466] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Wigmore Abbey, Herefordshire, III, Fundationis et Fundatorum Historia, p. 351.

[467] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Walden Abbey, Essex, I, Fundationis Historia, p. 140.

[468] Dugdale Monasticon VI, Lanthony Abbey, Gloucestershire, II, Fundatorum progenies, p. 135.

[469] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 72, p. 26.

[470] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 80, p. 30.

[471] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 80, p. 30.

[472] Saint-Bertin, II, I, XXX, p. 205.

[473] Giry, A. ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer (1042-1386)´, Bibliothèque de l´Ecole des Chartes, Tome 35 (1874), p. 338, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 140.

[474] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), pp. 325-6.

[475] Duvivier (1898), p. 252.

[476] Duvivier (1898), p. 237.

[477] Duvivier (1898), p. 238.

[478] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 37, MGH SS XII, p. 554.

[479] Duvivier (1898), p. 260.

[480] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 340, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 228.

[481] Duvivier (1898), p. 237.

[482] Duvivier (1898), p. 238.

[483] Duvivier (1898), p. 237.

[484] Duvivier (1898), p. 238.

[485] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives III, p. 371.

[486] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 339, and Passio Karoli Comitis Auctore Galberto 95, MGH SS XII, p. 607.

[487] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 340, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 228.

[488] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives III, p. 371.

[489] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 340, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 228.

[490] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 340, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 228.

[491] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 340, quoting Archives du chapitre de Saint-Omer, II, G.

[492] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[493] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[494] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 340, quoting Archives du chapitre de Saint-Omer, II, G.

[495] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 341, quoting Archives du Nord, B. 4.

[496] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives V, p. 378.

[497] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives VI, p. 379.

[498] WT XVII.XXI, p. 796.

[499] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[500] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[501] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[502] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[503] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46 and 47, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[504] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXV, p. 391.

[505] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[506] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[507] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[508] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[509] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[510] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives IX, p. 381.

[511] Saint-Bertin, III, XVII, p. 338.

[512] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 344, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 381.

[513] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 344, citing Hermand, A. and Deschamps de Pas, L. (1860) Histoire sigillaire de la ville de Saint-Omer, p. 19.

[514] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives XV, p. 392.

[515] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 344, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. I, p. 381.

[516] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 579.

[517] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 853.

[518] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 511.

[519] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 560.

[520] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[521] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 348, quoting Miræus & Foppens Opera diplomatica, I, p. 155.

[522] Giry, A. ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer (1042-1386)´, Bibliothèque de l´Ecole des Chartes, Tome 36 (1875), p. 92, quoting Lepez, D. Extrait des titres d´Aire, Ms. d´Arras, 332 fol. 1.

[523] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives XXX, p. 404.

[524] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives XXXV, p. 407.

[525] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 3480, p. 608.

[526] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[527] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 354, quoting Grand cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, ms. de la bibl. de Saint-Omer, no. 803, t. II, p. 69.

[528] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 355, quoting Archives du Nord Premier cartulaire d´Artois, fol. 76.

[529] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1874), p. 355, quoting Archives du Nord, B. 49, cop. notar. de 1457.

[530] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[531] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 92, quoting Lepez, D. Extrait des titres d´Aire, Ms. d´Arras, 332 fol. 1.

[532] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives XXX, p. 404.

[533] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 95, quoting Archives du Nord, fond de Maroilles.

[534] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[535] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 95, quoting Archives du Nord, Cartulaire de Maroilles, fol. 63.

[536] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[537] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 95, quoting Archives du Nord, Cartulaire de Maroilles, fol. 63.

[538] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, pp. 562 and 564.

[539] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 92, quoting Lepez, D. Extrait des titres d´Aire, Ms. d´Arras, 332 fol. 1.

[540] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 96, quoting Cartulaire de Watten, charte LX.

[541] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 3480, p. 608.

[542] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[543] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 92, quoting Lepez, D. Extrait des titres d´Aire, Ms. d´Arras, 332 fol. 1.

[544] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[545] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 92, quoting Lepez, D. Extrait des titres d´Aire, Ms. d´Arras, 332 fol. 1.

[546] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, pp. 563 and 564.

[547] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 93, quoting Registre de Saint-Bertin, coté KD, fol. 117, Ms. 204 d´Arras, p. 522.

[548] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 98, quoting Cartulaire de Saint-Augustin, p. 112.

[549] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 98, quoting Lepez, D. Extrait des titres du prieuré de Saint-André, ms. d´Arras, 332, fol. 25.

[550] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), p. 98 (no citation).

[551] Giry ´Les chàtelains de Saint-Omer´ (1875), pp. 101-17.

[552] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[553] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 562.

[554] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 563.

[555] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 563.

[556] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 563.

[557] Stenton, F. M. (ed.) (1920) Documents illustrative of the social and economic history of the Danelaw from various collections (London) ("Stenton (Danelaw, 1920)"), Bullington, 83, p. 54.

[558] Stenton (Danelaw, 1920), Bullington, 83, p. 54.

[559] Stenton (Danelaw, 1920), Bullington, 83, p. 54.

[560] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium, MGH SS XXIV, p. 555.

[561] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 3, MGH SS XXIV, p. 564.

[562] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 3, MGH SS XXIV, p. 564.

[563] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 6, MGH SS XXIV, p. 565.

[564] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 7, MGH SS XXIV, p. 566.

[565] When she gave birth to her husband's posthumous child.

[566] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 11, MGH SS XXIV, p. 568.

[567] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 11, MGH SS XXIV, p. 568.

[568] Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini auctore Iohanne Longo de Ipra 27.2, MGH SS XXV, p. 776.

[569] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 12, MGH SS XXIV, p. 568.

[570] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 96, p. 92.

[571] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 14, MGH SS XXIV, p. 569.

[572] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 16, MGH SS XXIV, p. 570.

[573] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 16, MGH SS XXIV, p. 570.

[574] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 17, MGH SS XXIV, p. 570.

[575] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 17, MGH SS XXIV, p. 570.

[576] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573, footnote 1 suggesting "Grimmingen" near Audenarde as the correct interpretation of the place.

[577] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[578] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[579] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[580] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[581] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[582] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 23, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[583] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XXIII, p. 354.

[584] Monsabert, D. P. de (ed.) ´Chartes et documents pour servir à l'histoire de l'abbaye de Charroux´, Archives historiques du Poitou Tome XXXIX (Poitiers, 1910) ("Charroux") XIX, p. 115.

[585] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 33, MGH SS XXIV, p. 578, undated but "c 1100" has been added in the margin by the editor.

[586] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 573.

[587] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XLI, p. 373.

[588] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 574.

[589] Charroux XIX, p. 115.

[590] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XXXIII, p. 367.

[591] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Redlingfield Priory, Suffolk, I, p. 26.

[592] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XLI, p. 373.

[593] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIII, p. 382.

[594] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 164, p. 65.

[595] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIV, p. 383.

[596] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 49, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[597] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Redlingfield Priory, Suffolk, I, p. 26.

[598] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 33, MGH SS XXIV, p. 578, undated but "c 1100" has been added in the margin by the editor.

[599] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 164, p. 65.

[600] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIII, p. 382.

[601] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIV, p. 383.

[602] Domesday Descendants, p. 287.

[603] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 42, MGH SS XXIV, p. 582.

[604] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Redlingfield Priory, Suffolk, I, p. 26.

[605] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIII, p. 382.

[606] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 34, MGH SS XXIV, p. 579.

[607] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 574.

[608] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XXXIII, p. 367.

[609] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XLI, p. 373.

[610] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 574.

[611] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Redlingfield Priory, Suffolk, I, p. 26.

[612] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XLI, p. 373.

[613] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 574.

[614] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XXXIII, p. 367.

[615] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, XLI, p. 373.

[616] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 574.

[617] Bouchard, C. B. (1987) Sword, Miter, and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy 980-1198 (Cornell University Press), p. 360.

[618] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 25, MGH SS XXIV, p. 574.

[619] ES VII 81.

[620] Gand Saint-Pierre 205, p. 127.

[621] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXV, p. 391.

[622] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 73, MGH SS XXIV, p. 596.

[623] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 58, MGH SS XXIV, p. 708, undated but the date "1169" is added in the margin by the editor.

[624] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 46 and 47, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[625] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXV, p. 391.

[626] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[627] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[628] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LVI, p. 544.

[629] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXV, p. 566.

[630] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 206, MGH SS XXIV, p. 758.

[631] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[632] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXV, p. 566.

[633] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 212, MGH SS XXIV, p. 760.

[634] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[635] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[636] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[637] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[638] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 212, p. 213.

[639] Liber traditionum sancti Petri Blandiniensis, 213, p. 214.

[640] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[641] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[642] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[643] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[644] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[645] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[646] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 585.

[647] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[648] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LXV, p. 391.

[649] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LVI, p. 544.

[650] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Diplomata Belgica, Liber I, LXXI, p. 191.

[651] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXV, p. 566.

[652] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXVI, p. 566.

[653] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 67, MGH SS XXIV, p. 594.

[654] Hall, H. (ed.) (1896) The Red Book of the Exchequer (Liber rubeus de Scaccario) (London) ("Red Book Exchequer"), Part II, Inquisitiones…Regis Johannis…anno regno XII et XIII…de servitiis militum, p. 501.

[655] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Diplomata Belgica, Liber I, LXXI, p. 191.

[656] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 85, MGH SS XXIV, p. 600.

[657] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 71, MGH SS XXIV, p. 595.

[658] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 71, MGH SS XXIV, p. 595.

[659] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 71, MGH SS XXIV, p. 595.

[660] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LVI, p. 544.

[661] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 71, MGH SS XXIV, p. 595.

[662] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 44 (Archives de l´abbaye de Licques).

[663] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 197, MGH SS XXIV, p. 756.

[664] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Titres de l´abbaye de Licques, p. 55.

[665] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 44 (Archives de l´abbaye de Licques).

[666] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Titres de l´abbaye de Licques, p. 55.

[667] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 71, MGH SS XXIV, p. 595.

[668] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXV, p. 566.

[669] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[670] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXVI, p. 566.

[671] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[672] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[673] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[674] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[675] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[676] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 79, MGH SS XXIV, p. 597.

[677] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 89, MGH SS XXIV, p. 603.

[678] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXV, p. 566.

[679] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 71, MGH SS XXIV, p. 595.

[680] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LVI, p. 544.

[681] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber II, LXXXVI, p. 566.

[682] Red Book Exchequer, Part II, Inquisitiones…Regis Johannis…anno regno XII et XIII…de servitiis militum, pp. 500-1.

[683] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 216, MGH SS XXIV, p. 761.

[684] Poull (1991), p. 361.

[685] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XCVII, p. 383.

[686] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 227, MGH SS XXIV, p. 763.

[687] Michel, F. (1840) Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre (Paris), p. 141.

[688] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, C, p. 385.

[689] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars I, CXLIII, p. 121.

[690] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 209, MGH SS XXIV, p. 759.

[691] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, C, p. 385.

[692] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, C, p. 385.

[693] RHGF XXIII, Chronique des comtes d´Eu, pp. 446-7.

[694] RHGF XXIII, Chronique des comtes d´Eu, p. 447.

[695] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 564.

[696] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives LXI, p. 431.

[697] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives LXIV, p. 433.

[698] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 81, p. 31.

[699] Duvivier (1898), p. 221.

[700] Duvivier (1898), p. 226.

[701] Duvivier (1898), p. 231.

[702] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 135, p. 52.

[703] Duvivier (1898), p. 234.

[704] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 28, MGH SS XII, p. 550.

[705] Pirenne, H. (1891) Histoire du meurtre de Charles le Bon Comte de Flandre par Galbert de Bruges (Paris) ("Galbert de Bruges"), 16, p. 26.

[706] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 135, p. 52.

[707] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 156, p. 60.

[708] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 28, MGH SS XII, p. 550.

[709] Galbert de Bruges, 16, p. 27.

[710] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 156, p. 60.

[711] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 28, MGH SS XII, p. 550.

[712] Galbert de Bruges, 16, p. 27.

[713] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 135, p. 52.

[714] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 156, p. 60.

[715] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives III, p. 371.

[716] Galbert de Bruges, 99, p. 144.

[717] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIV, p. 383.

[718] Duvivier (1898), p. 240.

[719] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives V, p. 378.

[720] Duvivier (1898), p. 71.

[721] Giry (1877) Pièces Justificatives VI, p. 379.

[722] Duvivier (1898), p. 241.

[723] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[724] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 42, MGH SS XXIV, p. 582.

[725] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Donationes Belgicæ, Liber I, LIII, p. 382.

[726] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 620.

[727] Duvivier (1898), p. 240.

[728] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 42 and 43, MGH SS XXIV, pp. 582 and 583.

[729] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 60, MGH SS XXIV, p. 591.

[730] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 52, MGH SS XXIV, p. 587.

[731] CP X 200.

[732] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 60, MGH SS XXIV, p. 591.

[733] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[734] Duvivier (1898), p. 240.

[735] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[736] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[737] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[738] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[739] Duvivier (1898), p. 240.

[740] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[741] Duvivier (1898), p. 240.

[742] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[743] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[744] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[745] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[746] Michel (1840), p. 141.

[747] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XCVII, p. 383.

[748] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[749] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[750] Michel (1840), p. 141.

[751] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XCVII, p. 383.

[752] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XCVII, p. 383.

[753] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 227, MGH SS XXIV, p. 763.

[754] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, C, p. 385.

[755] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XCVII, p. 383.

[756] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[757] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[758] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[759] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[760] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 122, MGH SS XXIV, p. 621.

[761] Lhomel, G. de (ed.) (1907) Recueil de documents pour servir à l´histoire de Montreuil-sur-Mer 1000-1464, supplément au cartulaire municipale (Abbeville) ("Montreuil-sur-Mer (1907)"), I, p. 1.

[762] Brassart Preuves (1877), V, p. 8.

[763] Duvivier (1898), p. 293.

[764] Duvivier (1898), p. 252.

[765] Duvivier (1898), p. 251.

[766] Duvivier (1898), p. 293.

[767] Duvivier (1898), p. 260.

[768] Duvivier (1898), p. 252.

[769] Duvivier (1898), p. 254.

[770] Duvivier (1898), p. 254.

[771] Duvivier (1898), p. 260.

[772] Giry, A. (1877) Histoire de la ville de Saint-Omer et de ses institutions (Paris) Pièces Justificatives III, p. 371.

[773] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p. 321.

[774] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Prieuré d'Argenteuil, p. 348.

[775] Annales Vedastini 892, MGH SS II, p. 527. .

[776] Flodoard, 926, MGH SS III, p. 377.

[777] ES II 188B.

[778] ES III 729 B.

[779] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 893, MGH SS XXIII, p. 748.

[780] Flodoard, 931, MGH SS III, p. 379.

[781] Flodoard, 926, MGH SS III, p. 377.

[782] Flodoard, 941, MGH SS III, p. 388.

[783] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 274.

[784] Flodoard, 926, MGH SS III, p. 377.

[785] Flodoard, 941, MGH SS III, p. 388.

[786] Flodoard, 941, MGH SS III, p. 388.

[787] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, III.X and XI, pp. 126 and 128.

[788] Flodoard, 925, MGH SS III, p. 376.

[789] Flodoard, 929, MGH SS III, p. 378.

[790] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, III.X, p. 126.

[791] WJ III.10, p. 73.

[792] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 5, MGH SS IX, p. 383.

[793] WJ IV.7, p. 89.

[794] Flodoard, 943, MGH SS III, p. 389.

[795] Flodoard, 961, MGH SS III, p. 405.

[796] Flodoard, 932, MGH SS III, p. 380.

[797] WJ IV.7, p. 89.

[798] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 54 footnote 53.

[799] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XII, p. 217-8.

[800] ES II 11. Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 49, gives no date of birth.

[801] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XII, p. 217.

[802] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XII, p. 218.

[803] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book III, p. 13.

[804] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XVII, p. 228.

[805] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XII, p. 218.

[806] ES II 2.

[807] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXI, p. 242.

[808] Barlow, F. (ed. and trans) (1999) The Carmen de Hastingæ Prœlio of Guy Bishop of Amiens (Oxford Medieval Texts).

[809] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XII, p. 216.

[810] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XII, p. 217.

[811] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXI, p. 242.

[812] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[813] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXI, p. 242.

[814] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[815] Giles, I. A. (ed.) (1845) Scriptores rerum gestarum Willelmi Conquestoris (London) Gesta Willelmi ducis Normannorum et regis Anglorum a Willelmo Pictaviensi…archidiacono, p. 94.

[816] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1026, p. 34.

[817] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[818] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[819] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. II, Book IV, p. 265.

[820] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, "Remarques", p. lxvii, which does not cite the reference of the cartulary of Saint-Josse.

[821] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXII, p. 250.

[822] CP I 351 footnote d, quoting from Stapleton, T. Archaeologia XXVI, pp. 358-60.

[823] Laurent, J. (ed.) (1911) Cartulaires de l'abbaye de Molesme, Tome II (Paris) 84, p. 89.

[824] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXI, p. 242.

[825] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXI, p. 242.

[826] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXI, p. 242.

[827] Vanderkindere I, pp. 133 and 283-4.

[828] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 893, MGH SS XXIII, p. 748.

[829] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 943, MGH SS XXIII, p. 763.

[830] ES II 188B.

[831] ES III 729 B.

[832] Flodoard, 925, MGH SS III, p. 376.

[833] Vanderkindere I, p. 56.

[834] Flodoard, 926, MGH SS III, p. 377.

[835] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 943, MGH SS XXIII, p. 763.

[836] Meyer, P. and Longnon, A. (eds.) (1882) Raoul de Cambrai, Chanson de Geste (Paris), discussed in the Introduction, and mentioned i.a. CCXLIX, p. 224.

[837] Flodoard, 943, MGH SS III, p. 389.

[838] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 943, MGH SS XXIII, p. 763.

[839] Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii 6, MGH SS XIV, p. 508.

[840] Lespinasse, R. de (ed.) (1916) Cartulaire de Saint-Cyr de Nevers (Nevers, Paris) 10, p. 24.

[841] Saint-Phalle, E. de 'Les comtes de Gâtinais aux X et XI siècles', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 234.

[842] Flodoardus Remensis Historia Remensis Ecclesiæ IV, XI, MGH SS XXXVI, p. 403.

[843] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, "Remarques", p. lxvii, which does not cite the reference of the cartulary of Saint-Josse.

[844] Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier, IV.XXII, p. 250.

[845] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VII, p. 89.

[846] Morel, E. (ed.) (1904) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Saint-Corneille de Compiègne, Tome I (877-1216) (Mondidier) ("Compiègne Saint-Corneille"), XVI, p. 40.

[847] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 35.

[848] Montreuil-sur-Mer (1907), III, p. 6.

[849] La Conférence des Sociétés Historiques du département de Seine-et-Oise (1905) Liber Testamentorum Sancti Martini de Campis (Paris) XXXV, p. 45.

[850] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 35.

[851] Round, J. H. (1899) Calendar of Documents preserved in France illustrative of the history of Great Britain and Ireland Vol I 918-1206 (London) 970, p. 346.

[852] Compiègne Saint-Corneille, Tome I, XVI, p. 40.

[853] Liber Testamentorum Sancti Martini de Campis XXXV, p. 45.

[854] Montreuil-sur-Mer (1907), III, p. 6.

[855] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV VIII, p. 159.

[856] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 35.

[857] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 35.

[858] CP XI 690.

[859] CP XI 690.

[860] Barret (ed.) (1894) Cartulaire de Marmoutier pour la Perche (Mortagne) ("Marmoutier-Perche"), 13, p. 23.

[861] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, p. 32, cited in CP XI 692.

[862] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1864) Annales Monastici Vol. I, Annales de Margan, Annales de Theokesberia, Annales de Burton (London) Annales de Margan, p. 7.

[863] CP XI 693-4.

[864] Annales de Margan, p. 10.

[865] Pipe Roll 31 Hen I (1129/30), Dorsetshire, Wiltshire, p. 12.

[866] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, p. 301.

[867] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[868] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, pp. 159 and 301.

[869] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[870] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. IV, Book VIII, pp. 159 and 301.

[871] CP XI 697.

[872] Marmoutier-Perche, 20, p. 32.

[873] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI, Book XII, p. 225.

[874] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[875] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1166, p. 360.

[876] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 28.

[877] Obituaire de Saint-Martin de Séez, Bibl.Nat. Ms français 18953, p. 227, quoted in Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 28 footnote 3.

[878] RHGF XXIII, Ex Uticensis monasterii necrologio, p. 487.

[879] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI XIII, p. 431.

[880] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[881] Marilier, J. (ed.) (1961) Chartes et documents concernant l'abbaye de Cîteaux 1098-1182 (Rome)113, p. 104.

[882] Prarond, E. (ed.) (1897) Le cartulaire du comté de Ponthieu, Mémoires de la société d'émulation d'Abbeville, Tome II (Abbeville) ("Ponthieu") I, p. 9.

[883] WJ VIII.35, p. 299.

[884] Abbayette saint-Michel 10, p. 21.

[885] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[886] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI XIII, p. 431.

[887] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[888] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[889] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[890] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[891] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[892] Round (1899) 970, p. 346.

[893] Ponthieu I, p. 9.

[894] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1166, p. 360.

[895] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 28.

[896] WJ VIII.35, p. 299.

[897] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 5.

[898] Ord VI XIII, p. 431.

[899] Cîteaux 113, p. 104.

[900] Ponthieu I, p. 9.

[901] Cîteaux 113, p. 104.

[902] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 37.

[903] Ponthieu VII, p. 16.

[904] Ponthieu I, p. 9.

[905] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 37.

[906] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1166, p. 360.

[907] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 28.

[908] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 37.

[909] Domesday Descendants, p. 698, citing Salter, H. E. (ed.) (1929-36) The Oseney Cartulary (Oxford), Vol. V, p. 1037.

[910] Ponthieu VII, p. 16.

[911] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 37.

[912] Ponthieu IX, p. 21.

[913] Ponthieu XXII, p. 41.

[914] Dugdale Monasticon IV, Godestow Nunnery, Oxfordshire, III, p. 363.

[915] Ponthieu XXXV, p. 56.

[916] Ponthieu XXXVI, p. 57.

[917] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 37.

[918] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Abbaye du Gard extraits du cartulaire, p. 29.

[919] Ponthieu VII, p. 16.

[920] Ponthieu XIV, p. 27.

[921] Ponthieu LXX, p. 106.

[922] See ES III 639.

[923] La Gorgue-Rosny (1877), Documents inédits, Autres chartes de Ponthieu, p. 37.

[924] Ponthieu XIV, p. 27.

[925] Ponthieu XXIV, p. 43.

[926] Hoffman, G. (ed.) (1731) Nova scriptorum ac monumentorum collectio, Tome I, Sam. Guichenoni Bibliothecam Sebusianam et Paridis de Crassis diarium cur. rom (Leipzig) ("Bibliotheca Sebusiana"), Centuria I, VI, p. 37.

[927] Ponthieu LVI, p. 81.

[928] Ponthieu LX, p. 86.

[929] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1160, p. 329.

[930] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 97.

[931] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1164, MGH SS XXIII, p. 848.

[932] Roderici Toletani Archiepiscopi De Rebus Hispaniæ, Liber IX, VII, 7, RHGF XII, p. 383.

[933] Stubbs, W. (ed.) (1868) Chronica, Magistri Rogeri de Houedene (London) (“Roger of Hoveden”), I, p. 218.

[934] Stubbs, W. (ed.) (1879) The Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury, Vol. I (London) (“Gervase”), p. 208.

[935] Stubbs, W. (ed.) (1847) Gesta Regis Henrici Secundi Benedicti Abbatis, The Chronicle of the reigns of Henry II and Richard I 1169-1192, known commonly under the name of Benedict of Peterborough (London) (“Benedict of Peterborough”) I 1177, p. 191.

[936] Benedict of Peterborough 2 1189, p. 70.

[937] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 97.

[938] Ponthieu XVII, p. 32.

[939] Ponthieu XXIV, p. 43.

[940] Ponthieu XXIX, p. 48.

[941] Ponthieu XXXI, p. 50.

[942] Ponthieu XXXII, p. 52.

[943] Ponthieu XXXIV, p. 55.

[944] Bibliotheca Sebusiana, Centuria I, VI, p. 37.

[945] Ponthieu XLVIII, p. 72.

[946] Ponthieu LI, p. 74.

[947] Ponthieu LXIII, p. 90.

[948] Roderici Toletani Archiepiscopi De Rebus Hispaniæ, Liber IX, VII, 7, RHGF XII, p. 383.

[949] Ponthieu XXIV, p. 43.

[950] Ponthieu XXIX, p. 48.

[951] Ponthieu XXXI, p. 50.

[952] Montreuil-sur-Mer (1907), VI, p. 9.

[953] Ponthieu XXXII, p. 52.

[954] Bibliotheca Sebusiana, Centuria I, VI, p. 37.

[955] Ponthieu XLVIII, p. 72.

[956] Ponthieu LXXXVII, p. 131.

[957] Peigné-Delacourt, M. (ed.) (1865) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Notre-Dame d'Ourscamp (Amiens) ("Ourscamp Notre-Dame") CCLXVIII, p. 168.

[958] Ponthieu CXXXIII, p. 182.

[959] Ponthieu CXLIII, p. 192.

[960] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis 194, MGH SS XXIV, p. 755.

[961] Montreuil-sur-Mer (1907), VI, p. 9.

[962] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1239, MGH SS XXIII, p. 947.

[963] Roderici Toletani Archiepiscopi De Rebus Hispaniæ, Liber IX, VII, 7, RHGF XII, p. 383.

[964] Ponthieu XXIV, p. 43.

[965] Ponthieu XXIX, p. 48.

[966] Ponthieu XXXI, p. 50.

[967] Montreuil-sur-Mer (1907), VI, p. 9.

[968] Ponthieu XXXII, p. 52.

[969] Bibliotheca Sebusiana, Centuria I, VI, p. 37.

[970] Ponthieu XLVIII, p. 72.

[971] Ponthieu LXXXVII, p. 131.

[972] Ourscamp Notre-Dame CCLXVIII, p. 168.

[973] Ponthieu CXXXIII, p. 182.

[974] Ponthieu CXLIII, p. 192.

[975] Roderici Toletani Archiepiscopi De Rebus Hispaniæ, Liber IX, VII, 7, RHGF XII, p. 383.

[976] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1239, MGH SS XXIII, p. 947.

[977] Ponthieu CXXV, p. 172.

[978] Szabolcs de Vajay 'From Alfonso VII to Alfonso X, the first two centuries of the Burgundian dynasty in Castile and Leon - a prosopographical catalogue in social genealogy, 1100-1300', Studies in Genealogy and Family History in tribute to Charles Evans, edited Lindsay L Brook (Association for the Promotion of Scholarship in Genealogy Ltd, Occasional Publication no 2, 1989, Salt Lake City, Utah), p. 381.

[979] Lhomel, G. de (ed.) (1904) Le cartulaire de la ville de Montreuil-sur-Mer (Abbeville), IV, p. 4.

[980] Florentii Wigornensis Monachi Chronicon, Continuatio, p. 221.

[981] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1239, MGH SS XXIII, p. 947.

[982] Kronijk van Arent toe Bocop, Codex Diplomaticus Neerlandicus, Second Series (Utrecht 1860), vijfde deel, p. 184.

[983] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1239, MGH SS XXIII, p. 947.

[984] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1239, MGH SS XXIII, p. 947.

[985] Moutié, A. & Dion, A. de (eds.) (1878) Cartulaires de Saint-Thomas d´Epernon et de Notre-Dame de Maintenon, prieurés dépendant de l´abbaye de Marmoutier (Rambouillet) ("Epernon Saint-Thomas"), LVIII, p. 60.

[986] Bert M. Kamp, in a private email to the author dated 19 Jul 2010, citing Héraldique et Généalogie (1996), p. 368, and (2000), p. 94.

[987] Saint-Martin des Champs, Vol. V, 1253, p. 101, available at <http://elec.enc.sorbonne.fr/cartulaires/smchamps6/acte1328> (20 Jul 2010).

[988] Newman, W. M. (1971) Les seigneurs de Nesle en Picardie (Philadelphia), table Dargies (information provided by Bert M. Kamp).

[989] La Gorgue-Rosny, L. E. de (1874) Recherches généalogiques sur les comtés de Ponthieu, de Boulogne, de Guines et pays circonvoisins (Boulogne-sur-Mer), Tome I, p. 368.

[990] Belleval, R. de (1864) Nobiliaire de Ponthieu et de Vimeu (Amiens), Tome II, pp. 68-71.

[991] La Gorgue-Rosny (1874), Tome I, p. 368.

[992] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 68.

[993] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 68.

[994] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 68.

[995] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis, 113, MGH SS XXIV, p. 724.

[996] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis, 113, MGH SS XXIV, p. 724.

[997] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 70.

[998] Belleval (1864), Tome II, pp. 70-1.

[999] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 70.

[1000] Villehardouin, 36, 84, 111.

[1001] La Gorgue-Rosny (1874), Tome I, p. 370, citing "La Rocque" (no precise citation reference).

[1002] Willelmi Chronica Andrensis, 113, MGH SS XXIV, p. 724.

[1003] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 70.

[1004] Bekkerus, I. (ed.) (1836) Constantinus Manasses, Ioel, Georgius Acropolita, Corpus Scriptorum Historiæ Byzantinæ (Bonn), Georgius Akropolites 15, p. 29.

[1005] Niebuhr, B. G. (ed.) (1840) Ephræmii Monachi Imperatorum et Patriarcharum, Corpus Scriptorum Historiæ Byzantinæ (Bonn) ("Ephræmius") 7720, p. 312.

[1006] Georgius Akropolites 18, p. 33.

[1007] Georgius Akropolites 22, p. 37.

[1008] Sturdza, M. D. (1999) Dictionnaire Historique et Généalogique des Grandes Familles de Grèce, d'Albanie et de Constantinople (2e edition Paris), p. 304, and Gardner, A. (1912) The Lascarids of Nicæa, The Story of an Empire in Exile (Methuen, London), p. 95.

[1009] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1221, MGH SS XXIII, p. 911.

[1010] Georgius Akropolites 47, p. 92.

[1011] Ephræmius 8615, p. 346.

[1012] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1221, MGH SS XXIII, p. 911.

[1013] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 70.

[1014] McDaniel, G. ´On Hungarian-Serbian Relations in the 13th Century: John Angelos and Queen Jelena´, Ungarn-Jahrbuch, Vol. 12 (1982/83), pp. 43-50, available at <http://www.feefhs.org/links/Serbia/jelena.html> (consulted 19 Jul 2010).

[1015] Giudice, G. del ´La famiglia di re Manfredi´, Archivio Storico per le Province Napoletane, anno V (Napoli, 1880), Documenti, XVI, p. 303,

[1016] McDaniel ´John Angelos and Queen Jelena´, quoting Berger, E. (ed.) (1897) Les Registres d´Innocent IV (Paris), Vol. 3, 6862, p. 289, and 7178, p. 351.

[1017] McDaniel ´John Angelos and Queen Jelena´, quoting Bourel de la Roncierre, M. (ed.) (1895) Les Registres d´Alexandre IV (Paris), Vol. 1, 48, p. 13.

[1018] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 70.

[1019] La Gorgue-Rosny (1874), Tome I, p. 369.

[1020] McDaniel ´John Angelos and Queen Jelena´, citing McDaniel, G. ´The House of Anjou and Serbia´, Vardy, S. B. (ed.) Louis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland (East European Mongraphs, Boulder).

[1021] La Gorgue-Rosny (1874), Tome I, p. 369.

[1022] Belleval (1864), Tome II, p. 70.

[1023] McKitterick, R. (1983) Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians 751-987 (Longman, London and New York), p. 321.

[1024] Flodoard 947, MGH SS III, p. 394.

[1025] Cluny Tome I, 730, p. 685.

[1026] Flodoard Addit codex 1 (inserted after 966), MGH SS III, p. 407.

[1027] RHGF IX, p. 105.

[1028] Bouchard (1987), p. 169.

[1029] Siegfried of Gorze, letter to Poppo of Stablo, in Gisebrecht, W. von (ed.) (1885) Geschichte der deutschen Kaizerseit, 5^th ed., II (Leipzig), pp. 714-8, cited in Bouchard (1987), p. 269, the author highlighting the absence of sources which name her husband.

[1030] Flodoard Addit codex 1 (inserted after 966), MGH SS III, p. 407.

[1031] Cluny Tome III, 2742, p. 765, cited in Bouchard (1987), p. 270.

[1032] Cluny Tome II, 1291, p. 368.

[1033] Cluny Tome II, 1198, p. 280.

[1034] Ragut, M. C. (ed.) (1864) Cartulaire de Saint-Vincent de Mâcon (Mâcon) 7, p. 6.

[1035] France, J., Bulst, N. and Reynolds, P. (eds. and trans.) (1989) Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri Quinque, Rodulfus Glaber Opera (Oxford) III.6, p. 105.

[1036] Abbé E. Bougaud (ed.) (1875) Chronique de l'abbaye de Saint-Bénigne de Dijon (Dijon), p. 163.

[1037] When his wife's second husband first appears as Comte de Mâcon, Cluny, Tome II, 1291, p. 368, and 1580, p. 624, cited in Bouchard (1987), p. 264.

[1038] Acta Concilii Remensis ad Sanctum Basolum, auctore Gerberto Archiepiscopo 9, MGH SS III, p. 661.

[1039] Hugonis Floriacensis, Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, MGH SS IX, p. 369.

[1040] Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis, Spicilegium II, p. 473.

[1041] Rodulfi Glabri, Historiarum III.6, p. 105.

[1042] Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon 980, pp. 128-29.

[1043] Acta Concilii Remensis ad Sanctum Basolum, auctore Gerberto Archiepiscopo 9, MGH SS III, p. 661.

[1044] Necrology, quoted in Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon 980, p. 128 footnote 3.

[1045] Flodoard 947, MGH SS III, p. 394.

[1046] Acta Concilii Remensis ad Sanctum Basolum, auctore Gerberto Archiepiscopo 9, MGH SS III, p. 661.

[1047] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 274.

[1048] Père Anselme, VIII, p. 862.

[1049] Mathieu, J. N. 'La succession au comté de Roucy aux environs de l'an mil', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 79.

[1050] Genealogiæ Fuscniacenses 3, MGH SS XIII, p. 252.

[1051] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1023, MGH SS XXIII, p. 782.

[1052] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1031, MGH SS XXIII, p. 783.

[1053] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 3 and 11, MGH SS XIII, pp. 252 and 254.

[1054] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1031, MGH SS XXIII, p. 783.

[1055] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 10 and 11, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1056] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1031, MGH SS XXIII, p. 783.

[1057] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 10, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1058] Mathieu, J. N. 'La succession au comté de Roucy aux environs de l'an mil', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 77 footnote 21, quoting Varin, P. Archives legislatives, 2e partie, Statuts I p. 90.

[1059] Genealogiæ Fuscniacenses 3, MGH SS XIII, p. 252.

[1060] Mathieu, J. N. 'La succession au comté de Roucy aux environs de l'an mil', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 78 footnote 30, quoting Plessis, T. du. (1728) Histoire de la ville et des seigneurs de Coucy (Paris), p. 128.

[1061] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 8, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1062] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[1063] Mathieu, J. N. 'La succession au comté de Roucy aux environs de l'an mil', Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. and Settipani, C. (eds.) (2000) Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, Vol. 3), p. 78 footnote 30, quoting Plessis, T. du. (1728) Histoire de la ville et des seigneurs de Coucy (Paris), p. 128.

[1064] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 3 and 9, MGH SS XIII, pp. 252 and 253.

[1065] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1066] Murray (2000), p. 173, citing Saige, G., Lacaille, H. and Labande, L. H. (1902-16) Trésor des chartes du comté de Rethel, 5 vols. (Monaco), Vol. 1, n^o.1.

[1067] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1063, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[1068] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1069] Depoin, J. (ed.) (1895) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Martin de Pontoise (Pontoise) ("Pontoise Saint-Martin") XIV, p. 12.

[1070] Suger Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis III, p. 19.

[1071] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1068, MGH SS XXIII, p. 796.

[1072] Sewter, E. R. A. (trans.) (1969) Anna Comnena The Alexiad (Penguin Books), Book 1, p. 61.

[1073] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1074] Suger Vita Ludovici Grossi Regis V, p. 19.

[1075] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1076] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1077] Chronicon Lætiense 4, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1078] Chronicon Lætiense 3, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1079] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1080] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1081] WT XIV.XV, p. 627.

[1082] WT XIV.XV, p. 628, which says he was "fratri comitis Namura".

[1083] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1084] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1085] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1086] Kurth, G. (ed.) (1903) Chartes de l´abbaye de Saint-Hubert en Ardenne (Brussels) ("Ardenne Saint-Hubert"), Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1087] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1088] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1089] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1090] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1091] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1092] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1093] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CV, p. 130.

[1094] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[1095] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1096] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CV, p. 130.

[1097] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXXXIX, p. 184.

[1098] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, p. 175 foonote 1, citing Archives de l´Etat à Arlon, fonds Saint-Hubert, 45, H. 1.

[1099] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[1100] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CV, p. 130.

[1101] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 509.

[1102] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[1103] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXXXI, p. 174.

[1104] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXXXI, p. 174.

[1105] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[1106] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CLXXXVIII, p. 242.

[1107] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CV, p. 130.

[1108] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, CXXXI, p. 174.

[1109] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1110] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1111] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1112] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1113] ES III 677, which gives no details.

[1114] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 13, MGH SS XIII, p. 254.

[1115] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1116] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 823.

[1117] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1118] Ardenne Saint-Hubert, Tome I, XCII, p. 117.

[1119] Chronicon Lætiense 3, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1120] Chronicon Lætiense 5, MGH SS XIV, p. 495.

[1121] Chronicon Lætiense 4, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1122] Chronicon Lætiense 5, MGH SS XIV, p. 495.

[1123] Chronicon Lætiense 4, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1124] Chronicon Lætiense 5, MGH SS XIV, p. 495.

[1125] Chronicon Lætiense 4, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1126] Chronicon Lætiense 4, MGH SS XIV, p. 494.

[1127] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 17, MGH SS XXIV, p. 570.

[1128] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement III, VIII, p. 1130.

[1129] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 73, p. 27.

[1130] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement III, VIII, p. 1130.

[1131] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement III, VIII, p. 1130.

[1132] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 73, p. 27.

[1133] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement III, VIII, p. 1130.

[1134] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 87, p. 34.

[1135] Saint-Bertin (Grand Cartulaire), Tome I, 87, p. 34.

[1136] WT I.XVII, p. 45.

[1137] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXII, p. 315.

[1138] WT VI.XVII, p. 263.

[1139] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber III, Cap. XLVIII, p. 372.

[1140] Molesme II, 84, p. 89.

[1141] Molesme II, 84, p. 89.

[1142] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXII, p. 315.

[1143] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber III, Cap. XLVIII, p. 372.

[1144] WT VI.XVII and VII.XII, pp. 263 and 294.

[1145] Guizot. M. (ed.) (1824) Alberti Aquensis Historia Hierosolymitana 'Histoire des Faits et Gestes dans les regions d'Outre-mer par Albert d'Aix' (Paris) (“AA”), V, p. 296 (not in the RHC version).

[1146] Molesme II, 84, p. 89.

[1147] Duvivier (1898), p. 238.

[1148] ES III 622.

[1149] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1150] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XLIX, p. 332.

[1151] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 7, MGH SS XII, p. 542.

[1152] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1153] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 15, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1154] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1155] Duchet, T. and Giry, A. (eds.) (1881) Cartulaires de l'église de Thérouanne (Thérouanne) ("Thérouanne") 29, p. 25.

[1156] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 853.

[1157] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 511.

[1158] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1159] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1160] Thérouanne 29, p. 25.

[1161] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1162] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1163] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1164] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1165] Ourscamp Notre-Dame CCLXII, p. 158.

[1166] Spicilegium Tome III, p. 495.

[1167] Thérouanne 29, p. 25.

[1168] Chronicle of Walden C, quoted in CP V 117 footnote f, the latter also stating that she is called "de Champagne" in L'Art de Vérifier les Dates.

[1169] Villehardouin, 36.

[1170] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 48, MGH SS XXIV, p. 584.

[1171] Ponthieu VII, p. 16.

[1172] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii, CXXXI, p. 727.

[1173] Villehardouin, 36.

[1174] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, pp. 509 and 527.

[1175] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 852.

[1176] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii, CXXXI, p. 727.

[1177] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 509.

[1178] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 852.

[1179] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii, CXXXI, p. 727.

[1180] Guyotjeannin, O. (ed.) Le cartulaire blanc de Saint-Denis, Le chapitre de Tremblay-en-France ("Tremblay-en-France") 4.

[1181] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 94, MGH SS XXIV, p. 605.

[1182] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 2237, p. 251.

[1183] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 509.

[1184] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 852.

[1185] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii, CXXXI, p. 727.

[1186] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1119, MGH SS XXIII, p. 824.

[1187] Red Book Exchequer, Part II, Inquisitiones…Regis Johannis…anno regno XII et XIII…de servitiis militum, p. 505.

[1188] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1168, MGH SS XXIII, p. 852.

[1189] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 509.

[1190] Miraeus (1723), Tome I, Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii, CXXXI, p. 727.

[1191] Tremblay-en-France 4.

[1192] Historia Comitum Ghisnensium 94, MGH SS XXIV, p. 605.

[1193] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 2237, p. 251.

[1194] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1214, MGH SS XXIII, p. 902.

[1195] Guizot, M. (ed.) (1825) Chronique de Guillaume de Nangis, Collection des Mémoires relatifs à l'histoire de France (Paris) ("Guillaume de Nangis"), p. 136.

[1196] Chronicon Turonense, RHGF XVIII, p. 316.

[1197] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1214, MGH SS XXIII, p. 902.

[1198] Guillaume de Nangis, p. 130.

[1199] MP V 1250, p. 159.

[1200] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 2473, p. 330.

[1201] Delisle, L. ´Recherches sur les comtes de Dammartin au XIII siècle´, Mémoires de la société impériale des antiquaires de France, 4th series, Tome I (1869, Paris), Appendice, VIII, p. 248.

[1202] Chronicon Savigniacense, Stephani Baluzii Miscellaneorum, Liber II, Collectio Veterum, p. 321.

[1203] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 1769, p. 79.

[1204] Loisne, A. de (ed.) (1897) Le Cartulaire du chapitre d´Arras (Arras) ("Arras Chapitre") 159 and 160, p. 99.

[1205] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 1769, p. 79.

[1206] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 2237, p. 251.

[1207] MP V 1249, pp. 92-3.

[1208] Obituaires de Sens Tome II, Eglise cathédrale de Chartres, Obituaire du xii siècle, p. 56.

[1209] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 560.

[1210] Layettes du Trésor des Chartes II, 2902, p. 443.

[1211] Obituaires de Sens Tome II, Eglise cathédrale de Chartres, Obituaire du xii siècle, p. 56.

[1212] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 560.

[1213] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[1214] Foppens (1748), Tome IV, Pars IV, LXIII, p. 556.

[1215] Oude Kronik van Brabant, p. 65.

[1216] Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Heredum Franciæ 8, MGH SS XXV, p. 390.

[1217] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1237, MGH SS XXIII, p. 941.

[1218] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[1219] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[1220] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 574.

[1221] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[1222] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 574.

[1223] ES VII 19.

[1224] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[1225] ES VII 19.

[1226] RHGF XXIII, Chronique des comtes d´Eu, p. 444.

[1227] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 561.

[1228] ES VII 19.

[1229] RHGF XX, Chronicon Guillelmi de Nangiaco, p. 574.

[1230] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. XLIII, p. 170.

[1231] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1232] RHGF X, L, p. 622.

[1233] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1234] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 69 footnote 40.

[1235] Abbé Laloire (ed.) (1878) Chartes de Montiérender, Collection des principaux cartularies du diocèse de Troyes Tome IV (Paris, Troyes) ("Montiérender") 33, p. 162.

[1236] Cartulaire du chapitre de la cathédrale d´Amiens, Tome I, Mémoires de la société des antiquaires de la Picardie, Tome XIV (Amiens, 1905) ("Amiens") I, 5, p. 9, and Labanoff de Rostoff, Prince A. (ed.) (1825) Recueil de pieces historiques sur la reine Anne ou Agnès épouse de Henri 1er roi de France et fille de Iarosslaf 1er grand duc de Russie (Paris) ("Anne de France") XV, p. 34.

[1237] Molesme II, 14, p. 21.

[1238] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1239] Acta Sanctorum, September VIII, p. 720.

[1240] Molesme II, 14, p. 21.

[1241] Molesme II, 14, p. 21.

[1242] Anne de France, p. 30.

[1243] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 10, MGH SS IX, p. 388.

[1244] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1052, MGH SS XXIII, p. 789.

[1245] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 66.

[1246] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 11, MGH SS IX, p. 389.

[1247] Amiens I, 5, p. 9, and Anne de France XV, p. 34.

[1248] Montiérender 33, p. 162.

[1249] Molesme II, 14, p. 21.

[1250] Montiérender 33, p. 162.

[1251] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1252] Amiens I, 5, p. 9, and Anne de France XV, p. 34.

[1253] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 11, MGH SS IX, p. 390.

[1254] Vita Simonis Comitis Crespeienses 7, MGH SS XV.2, p. 905, and Houts (2000), p. 198.

[1255] Molesme II, 14, p. 21.

[1256] Cluny Tome IV, 3499, p. 613.

[1257] Houts, E. van (ed. and trans.) (2000) The Normans in Europe (Manchester University Press), p. 185.

[1258] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Prieuré de Saint-Martin-des-Champs, p. 459.

[1259] Vita Simonis Comitis Crespeienses 7, MGH SS XV.2, p. 905.

[1260] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. III, Book V, p. 115, the editor in footnote 1 highlighting that elsewhere Orderic referred to Alfonso as "Hildefonsus" and the possibility that the king of Galicia in question was in fact Alfonso's brother García.

[1261] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1076, MGH SS XXIII, p. 798.

[1262] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1263] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XXII, p. 303.

[1264] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1265] Montiérender 52, p. 178.

[1266] Cluny Tome IV, 3517, p. 633.

[1267] Troyes Necrologies, 4 Obituaire de Saint-Loup, p. 342.

[1268] Sinclair (1985), p. 42.

[1269] Reginonis Chronicon 818, MGH SS I, p. 567.

[1270] Vita Hludowici Imperatoris, MGH SS II, p. 633.

[1271] Settipani, C. and Kerrebrouck, P. van (1993) La préhistoire des Capétiens 481-987, 1ère partie, Mérovingiens, Carolingiens et Robertiens (Villeneuve d'Ascq), p. 220.

[1272] Annales Vedastini 896, MGH SS II, p. 530. .

[1273] Settipani (1993), p. 407.

[1274] Nicholas (1992), p. 19.

[1275] Depoin, J. 'Etudes préparatoires à l'histoire des familles palatines. III. Thibaud le Tricheur fut-il bâtard et mourut-il presque centenaire?', Revue des etudes historiques (1908), p. 595 and footnote 105, cited in Settipani (1993), p. 408.

[1276] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 274.

[1277] Settipani (1993), p. 227 footnote 265.

[1278] L´abbé Pécheur (1851) Histoire de la ville de Guise (Vervins), p. 47, citing "Charte de Raoul évêque de Laon, Lelong, N. Hist. du diocèse de Laon, p. 598".

[1279] Settipani (1993), p. 236.

[1280] Barthélemy, E. de (ed.) (1881) Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Bucilly, Introduction.

[1281] Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH SS IX, p. 366.

[1282] WJ II.21, p. 58.

[1283] Settipani (1993), p. 407.

[1284] Werner, K. F. (1967) 'Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen bis um Jahr 1000 (1.-8. Generation)' Karl der Große, IV, p. 458, cited in Settipani (1993), p. 407.

[1285] Jackman, D. C. (1997) Criticism and Critique, sidelights on the Konradiner (Oxford Unit for Prosopographical Research) pp. 36 and 38.

[1286] Jackman (1997), p. 38.

[1287] Flodoard 946, MGH SS III, p. 393.

[1288] Jackman (1997), p. 38.

[1289] Settipani (1993), p. 224.

[1290] Annals of Flodoard of Reims, quoted in Houts (2000), p. 45.

[1291] McKitterick (1983), p. 312.

[1292] McKitterick (1983), p. 312.

[1293] Flodoard 943, MGH SS III, p. 389.

[1294] 'Obits mémorables tirés de nécrologes luxembourgeois, rémois et messins', Revue Mabillon VI (1910-1911), p. 273.

[1295] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 920 and 988, MGH SS XXIII, pp. 756 and 774.

[1296] Flodoard 944, MGH SS III, p. 390.

[1297] Diplôme de Charles III, n^o 57, Lauer, quoted in Settipani (1993), p. 407.

[1298] Flodoard 928, MGH SS III, p. 378.

[1299] Settipani (1993), p. 226.

[1300] Genealogiæ Comitum Flandriæ, Witgeri Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis MGH SS IX, p. 303.

[1301] Flodoard 946, MGH SS III, p. 393.

[1302] Nicholas (1992), p. 40.

[1303] Lokeren, A. van (1868) Chartes et documents de l´abbaye de Saint Pierre au Mont Blandin à Gand (Gand) ("Gand Saint-Pierre") 22, p. 28.

[1304] Gand Saint-Pierre 23, p. 29.

[1305] Annales Blandinienses 960, MGH SS V, p. 25.

[1306] Flodoard 951 and 952, MGH SS III, p. 401.

[1307] Werner, K. F. (1967) 'Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen bis um das Jahr 1000 (1-8 Generation)', Karl der Große, IV, pp. 403-83, cited in Settipani (1993), p. 229.

[1308] Bur, M. (1977) La formation du comte de Champagne, vers 950 - vers 1150 (Lille), p. 509, cited in Settipani (1993), p. 229.

[1309] Havet, J. (ed.) (1889) Lettres de Gerbert 983-997 (Paris) ("Gerbert") 17, p. 13.

[1310] Gerbert 59, p. 58.

[1311] Gerbert 97, p. 89.

[1312] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 989, MGH SS XXIII, p. 775.

[1313] Birth date range estimated from the birth of Eadgifu's son in [920/21].

[1314] Flodoard 951, MGH SS III, p. 401.

[1315] Flodoard 940, MGH SS III, p. 387.

[1316] Annales Remenses 932, MGH SS XIII, p. 82.

[1317] Settipani (1993), p. 227.

[1318] Rodulfi Glabri, Historiarum III.39, p. 165.

[1319] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 9, MGH SS IX, p. 387.

[1320] Chartres Saint-Père, Liber Primus, 130, p. 351.

[1321] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Tertius, Cap. VIII, p. 63.

[1322] Arbois de Jubainville, H. d´ (1859) Histoire des ducs et des comtes de Champagne Tome I (Paris), p. 461.

[1323] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Tertius, Cap. XVIII, p. 77.

[1324] Obituaires de Sens Tome II, Eglise cathédrale de Chartres, Nécrologe du xi siècle, p. 23.

[1325] Cluny Tome I, 511, p. 496.

[1326] Flodoard 949, MGH SS III, p. 399.

[1327] Flodoard 949, MGH SS III, p. 399.

[1328] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 47.

[1329] Settipani (1993), p. 236.

[1330] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 47, citing "Charte de Raoul évêque de Laon, Lelong, N. Hist. du diocèse de Laon, p. 598".

[1331] Settipani (1993), p. 236.

[1332] Bucilly, Introduction, p. .

[1333] Bucilly I, p. 113, footnote 3 stating "Cette charte est reproduite in-extenso dans le Dictionnaire historique des communes de l'Aisne, de M. Melleville, tome I, p. 167" (which has not so far been consulted), although it is not known whether this refers to the original foundation charter or the charter dated 1120.

[1334] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.

[1335] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.

[1336] Newman, W. M., Constable, G. and Evergates, T. (1990) The cartulary and charters of Notre-Dame of Homblières (Cambridge), p. 78, 13 Jan-13 Oct 1045, quoted in Settipani (1993), p. 238 footnote 344.

[1337] Petit, E. (1885) Histoire des ducs de Bourgogne de la race capétienne (Paris), Vol. II, p. 425, cited in Bouchard (1987), p. 371.

[1338] Settipani (1993), p. 237 footnote 336.

[1339] Petit, Vol. II, p. 430, cited in Bouchard (1987), p. 371.

[1340] Chronicle of St Bénigne, p. 161, cited in Bouchard (1987), p. 372.

[1341] Bouchard (1987), p. 372.

[1342] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium III.23, MGH SS 7, p. 473.

[1343] Glocker, W. Die Verwandten der Ottonen und ihre Bedeutung in der Politik. Studien zur Familienpolitik und zur Genealogie der sächsischen Kaiserhauses (Köln, Vienna, 1989), cited in Settipani (1993), p. 237 footnote 343.

[1344] Gesta Episcorum Cameracensium I.96, MGH SS VII, p. 439.

[1345] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.

[1346] Lot, F. (1891) Les derniers Carolingiens, Lothaire, Louis V, Charles de Lorraine (Paris), p. 65, cited in Settipani (1993), p. 241.

[1347] Historia Monasterii Mosomensis, 1.6 and 1.7, MGH SS XIV pp. 604 and 605.

[1348] MGH SS XIV, p. 605 footnote 1.

[1349] Historia Monasterii Mosomensis, 2.1, MGH SS XIV p. 609.

[1350] Gerbert 94, p. 86.

[1351] Settipani (1993), p. 241.

[1352] Settipani (1993), p. 241.

[1353] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.2, Eglise cathedrale de Paris, p. 1015.

[1354] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 51.

[1355] Newman, W. M., Constable, G. and Evergates, T. (1990) The cartulary and charters of Notre-Dame of Homblières (Cambridge), p. 78, 13 Jan-13 Oct 1045, quoted in Settipani (1993), p. 238 footnote 344.

[1356] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p. 317.

[1357] Newman, W. M., Constable, G. and Evergates, T. (1990) The cartulary and charters of Notre-Dame of Homblières (Cambridge), p. 78, 13 Jan-13 Oct 1045, quoted in Settipani (1993), p. 238 footnote 344.

[1358] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XXII, p. 303.

[1359] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1360] Foppens (1734), Tome III, Pars II, XXII, p. 303.

[1361] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1362] Settipani (1993), p. 238 footnote 347.

[1363] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1364] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 15, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1365] Kerrebrouck (2000), pp. 538 and 544 footnote 9.

[1366] Settipani (1993), p. 238.

[1367] Brandenburg, E. (1964) Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen. I-XIV Generation, t. X Caroli Magni progenies (Frankfurt-am-Main), cited in Settipani (1993), p. 238.

[1368] Hugonis Floriacensis, Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum continet Actus 10, MGH SS IX, p. 389.

[1369] WT I. XVII, p. 45.

[1370] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. V, IX, p. 31, and Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 537.

[1371] Alexeiad, Book 10, p. 313.

[1372] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, pp. 142-4.

[1373] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. VII-VIII, pp. 304-5.

[1374] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. IX, p. 305.

[1375] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 250.

[1376] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1102, p. 124.

[1377] Runciman, S. (1978) A History of the Crusades (Penguin Books), Volume 2, p. 27.

[1378] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1379] Compiègne Saint-Corneille, Tome I, XXXIV, p. 70.

[1380] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 538.

[1381] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1062, MGH SS XXIII, p. 793.

[1382] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1383] Vendôme La Trinité, Tome II, CCCCX, p. 169.

[1384] Sainte-Croix d'Orléans V, p. 7.

[1385] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1386] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1387] Moris, H. & Blanc, E. (eds.) (1883) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Lérins, 1ère partie (Paris) ("Lérins"), CLXXIII, p. 173.

[1388] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1389] Considered the latest possible birth date of Elisabeth considering the birth of her first two known children in 1104.

[1390] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1391] Orderic Vitalis Vol. V, IX, p. 31.

[1392] WJ VIII.40, p. 307.

[1393] Robillard de Beaurepaire, C. de (ed.) ´Recueil de chartes concernant l´abbaye de Saint-Victor-en-Caux´, Mélanges, documents publiés et annotés par MM Ch. de Beaurepaire, Paul le Cacheux, A. Héron et Hipplyte Sauvage, 5ème série (Rouen, 1898) ("Caux Saint-Victor"), II.1, p. 378.

[1394] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1395] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1396] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1397] Compiègne Saint-Corneille, Tome I, XXXIV, p. 70.

[1398] Herimanni, Liber de Restauratione Sancti Martini Tornacensis Continuatio 10, MGH SS XIV, p. 322.

[1399] Kerrebrouck (2000), pp. 538-9.

[1400] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1401] WJ VIII.8, p. 254.

[1402] Müller, E. (ed.) (1900) Le prieuré de Saint-Leu d´Esserent, Cartulaire première partie 1080-1150 (Pontoise) ("Esserent Saint-Leu"), XLVI, p. 48.

[1403] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1404] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. V, IX, p. 31.

[1405] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1102, p. 124.

[1406] Compiègne Saint-Corneille, Tome I, XXXIV, p. 70.

[1407] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1152, p. 263.

[1408] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Prieuré de Saint-Martin-des-Champs, p. 463.

[1409] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 539.

[1410] Kerrebrouck (2000), pp. 539-40.

[1411] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1152, MGH SS XXIII, p. 841.

[1412] Historiæ Tornacenses IV.5, MGH SS XIV, p. 343.

[1413] Chronique de Robert de Torigny I, 1152, p. 263.

[1414] Guillaume de Nangis, pp. 18 and 24.

[1415] Flandria Generosa 32, MGH SS IX, p. 324.

[1416] Annales Blandinienses 1157, MGH SS V, p. 29.

[1417] Flandria Generosa (Continuatio Bruxellensis), MGH SS IX, p. 325.

[1418] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1419] Flandria Generosa (Continuatio Bruxellensis), MGH SS IX, p. 325.

[1420] Ex Radulfi de Diceto imaginibus historiarum, RHGF XIII, p. 198.

[1421] Flandria Generosa (Continuatio Claromariscensis) 4, MGH SS IX, p. 327. The date "28 Mar" is inserted in the margin by the editor.

[1422] Kerrebrouck (2000), pp. 106 and 542.

[1423] Flandria Generosa (Continuatio Bruxellensis), MGH SS IX, p. 325.

[1424] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 541.

[1425] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 541.

[1426] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257.

[1427] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, pp. 509 and 514.

[1428] Robert de Torigny, Vol. II, p. 20.

[1429] Ourscamp Notre-Dame CCXLIX, p. 180.

[1430] Ourscamp Notre-Dame CCXLVII, p. 149.

[1431] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 540.

[1432] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p. 320.

[1433] Kerrebrouck (2000), pp. 543-4.

[1434] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 7, MGH SS XIII, p. 253.

[1435] Orderic Vitalis Book IX, p. 31.

[1436] Compiègne Saint-Corneille, Tome I, XXXIV, p. 70.

[1437] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 543.

[1438] MP, t. II, pp. 244-5, quoted in Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 549 footnote 74.

[1439] Assuming his two younger children, cited as minors in 1250, were less than 15 years old at the time.

[1440] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 544.

[1441] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 544.

[1442] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 544.

[1443] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 543.

[1444] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 543.

[1445] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 543.

[1446] Kerrebrouck (2000), p. 543.

[1447] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Septimus, Cap. LXXIV, p. 199.

[1448] Depoin, J. (1904) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Saint-Martin de Pontoise, 4ème fascicule (Pontoise), IV Sur les maisons de Chaumont et de Trie, I. Vicomtes de Chaumont, p. 350, quoting Neustria Pia, p. 482.

[1449] WT I.XVII, p. 45.

[1450] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XXIII, p. 316.

[1451] Albert of Aix (RHC), Liber II, Cap. XLII, p. 332.

[1452] Chartres Saint-Père I, Liber Octavus, Cap. XV, p. 240.

[1453] Saint-Martin de Pontoise XXIII, p. 20.

[1454] Depoin (1904), IV Sur les maisons de Chaumont et de Trie, I. Vicomtes de Chaumont, p. 352, quoting Chroniques de St. Germer, Mss. lat. 13899, Histoire de St. Germer, fol. 426.

[1455] Le Prévost, A. (1840) Orderici Vitalis Historiæ Ecclesiasticæ (Paris) ("Orderic Vitalis (Prévost)"), Vol. II, Liber III, p. 131.

[1456] Le Prévost, A. (1852) Orderici Vitalis Historiæ Ecclesiasticæ (Paris) ("Orderic Vitalis (Prévost)"), Vol. IV, Liber X, p. 23.

[1457] Saint-Martin de Pontoise LV, p. 49.

[1458] Luchaire, A. (1890) Louis VI le Gros, Annales de sa vie et de son règne (Paris), Textes inédits, 275, p. 335.

[1459] Luchaire (1890), Textes inédits, 574, p. 342.

[1460] Paris Hôtel-Dieu, 51, p. 23.

[1461] Paris Hôtel-Dieu, 51, p. 23.

[1462] ES III 645.

[1463] Paris Hôtel-Dieu, 51, p. 23.

[1464] Set out in outline form in ES III 645, extinct after 1327 in the male line.

[1465] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 12.

[1466] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 40.

[1467] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 41.

[1468] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 44 and 46.

[1469] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 54.

[1470] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 56.

[1471] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 51.

[1472] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 52, citing RHGF XI, p. 509.

[1473] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 54.

[1474] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1063, MGH SS XXIII, p. 794.

[1475] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1476] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 57.

[1477] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1478] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 57.

[1479] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1480] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 58, citing Histoire de Cambrai, tome 2, 3e partie, p. 707.

[1481] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement, XXV, p. 822.

[1482] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 64, citing Lecarpentier, Histoire de Cambrai, preuves.

[1483] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 66, citing Aug. Viromand. , lib. III, p. 159.

[1484] Miraeus (1723), Tome II, Supplement, XXV, p. 822.

[1485] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 70, citing Carta Simonis Episcopi Noviomensis, de confirmatione allodii de Germania, Cartulaire de Prémontré, MS de la Bibliothèque de Soissons, titre Hanap.

[1486] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 66, citing Aug. Viromand. , lib. III, p. 159.

[1487] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1488] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 66, citing Aug. Viromand. , lib. III, p. 159.

[1489] Bucilly VI, p. 115.

[1490] Bucilly VI, p. 115.

[1491] Gisleberti Chronicon Hanoniense, MGH SS XXI, p. 511.

[1492] Balduinus de Avennis Genealogia, RHGF XIII, p. 560.

[1493] Bucilly VIII, p. 116.

[1494] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1495] Bucilly VI, p. 115.

[1496] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 108.

[1497] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 110.

[1498] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 110.

[1499] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 110.

[1500] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 110.

[1501] Pécheur Histoire de Guise, p. 110.

[1502] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1503] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1504] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1505] Genealogiæ Scriptoris Fusniacensis 17, MGH SS XIII, p. 255.

[1506] Morel, E. (ed.) (1904) Cartulaire de l´abbaye de Saint-Corneille de Compiègne, Tome I (877-1216) (Mondidier) ("Compiègne Saint-Corneille"), XXVI, p. 57.

[1507] Saint-Martin de Pontoise XXIII, p. 20.

[1508] ES III 645.

[1509] Saint-Martin de Pontoise XXIV, p. 22.

[1510] Saint-Martin de Pontoise XXIV, p. 22.

[1511] Saint-Martin de Pontoise XXIV, p. 22.

[1512] Saint-Martin de Pontoise CII, p. 80.

[1513] Saint-Martin de Pontoise CII, p. 80.

[1514] Saint-Martin de Pontoise CII, p. 80.

[1515] Saint-Martin de Pontoise CII, p. 80.

[1516] Saint-Martin de Pontoise CII, p. 80.

[1517] Saint-Martin de Pontoise CII, p. 80.

[1518] Historia Gloriosi Regis Ludovici VII, RHGF, p. 129.