Home Page for Immanuel Kant's
Critique
trans. by Norman Kemp Smith

The e-text version of this book was originally prepared by Stephen Palmquist and placed in the Oxford Text Archive in 1985. The WWW version of the text made its first appearance in October, 1995 at the Hong Kong Baptist University. This web page represents a technically overhauled edition provided by the Humanities Computing & Methodology Program, RIH of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Click HERE to read more about the edition history of the text.

Table of Contents of the Critique as in first edition (1781)
Table of Contents of the Critique as in second edition (1787)
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Table of Contents of the Critique of Pure Reason as in the first edition (1781)
This table of contents, though much more simplified than the table of contents of the second edition, gives a somewhat panorama view of the basic structure of the Critique

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Table of Contents of the Critique of Pure Reason as in the second edition (1787)

INTRODUCTION [041]

  1. The Distinction between Pure and Empirical Knowledge [041]
  2. We are in possession of certain Modes of a priori Knowledge, and even the Common Understanding is never without them [043]
  3. Philosophy stands in need of a Science to determine the Possibility, the Principles, and the Extent of all a priori Knowledge [045]
  4. The Distinction between Analytic and Synthetic Judgments [048]
  5. In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason Synthetic a priori Judgments are contained as Principles [052]
  6. The General Problem of Pure Reason [055]
  7. The Idea and Division of a Special Science, under the title "Critique of Pure Reason" [058]
I.  TRANSCENDENTAL  DOCTRINE  OF  ELEMENTS

     
First Part.  Transcendental Aesthetic [065]

   Introduction [065]
   Section 1.  Space [065]
   Section 2.  Time [074]
   General Observations on the Transcendental Aesthetic [082]
   
Second Part.  Transcendental Logic [092]

       Introduction.  Idea of a Transcendental Logic  [092]
    I. Logic in General  [092]
   II. Transcendental Logic [095]
  III. The Division of General Logic into Analytic and Dialectic [097]
   IV. The Division of Transcendental Logic into Transcendental
       Analytic and Dialectic [100]
     

First Division. Transcendental Analytic [102]

  Book I.  Analytic of Concepts [103]

  Chapter I.  The Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Concepts
           of the Understanding [104]

    Section 1.  The Logical Employment of the Understanding in general [105]
    Section 2.  The Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgments [106]
    Section 3.  The Pure Concepts of the Understanding, or Categories [111]

  Chapter II.  The Deduction of the Pure Concepts of Understanding [120]

    Section 1.  The Principles of any Transcendental Deduction [120]
        Transition to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories [125]
    Section 2.  Transcendental Deduction of the Pure Concepts
             of Understanding [129]
         Deduction as in First Edition [129]
         Deduction as in Second Edition [151]

  Book II.  Analytic of Principles [170]

     Introduction.  Transcendental Judgment in General [177]

  Chapter I.  The Schematism of the Pure Concepts of Understanding [180]

  Chapter II.  System of all Principles of Pure Understanding [188]

    Section 1.  The Highest Principle of all Analytic Judgments [189]
    Section 2.  The Highest Principle of all Synthetic Judgments [191]
    Section 3.  Systematic Representation of all the Synthetic
                Principles of Pure Understanding [194]
        1. Axioms of Intuition [197]
        2. Anticipations of Perception [201]
        3. Analogies of Experience [208]
             First Analogy.  Principle of Permanence of Substance [212]
             Second Analogy.  Principle of Succession in Time, in
                accordance with the Law of Causality [218]
             Third Analogy.  Principle of Coexistence, in accordance
                with the Law of Reciprocity or Community [233]
        4. The Postulates of Empirical Thought in general [239]
        Refutation of Idealism [244]
        General Note on the System of the Principles [252]

  Chapter III.  The Ground of the Distinction of all Objects
                in general into Phenomena and Noumena [257]

  Appendix.  The Amphiboly of Concepts of Reflection [276]
             Note to the Amphiboly of Concepts of Reflection [281]



Second Division. Transcendental Dialectic [297]

  Introduction [297]
    I.  Transcendental Illusion [297]
   II.  Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusion [300]
      A. Reason in General [300]
      B. The Logical Employment of Reason [303]
      C. The Pure Employment of Reason [305]

  Book I.  The Concepts of Pure Reason [308]

    Section 1.  The Ideas in General [309]
    Section 2.  The Transcendental Ideas [315]
    Section 3.  System of the Transcendental Ideas [322]

  Book II.  The Dialectical Inferences of Pure Reason [327]

  Chapter I.  The Paralogisms of Pure Reason [328]

       The Paralogisms as in First Edition [333]
       The Paralogisms as in Second Edition [368]

  Chapter II.  The Antinomy of Pure Reason [384]

    Section 1.  System of Cosmological Ideas [386]
    Section 2.  Antithetic of Pure Reason [393]
            First Antinomy [396]
            Second Antinomy [402]
            Third Antinomy [409]
            Fourth Antinomy [415]
    Section 3.  The Interest of Reason in these Conflicts [422]
    Section 4.  The Absolute Necessity of a Solution of the
                Transcendental Problems of Pure Reason [430]
    Section 5.  Sceptical Representation of the Cosmological
                Questions in the Four Transcendental Ideas [436]
    Section 6.  Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the
                Solution of the Cosmological Dialectic [439]
    Section 7.  Critical Solution of the Cosmological Conflict
                of Reason with itself [443]
    Section 8.  The Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in its
                application to the Cosmological Ideas [449]
    Section 9.  The Empirical Employment of the Regulative
                Principle of  Reason, in respect of all Cosmological
                Ideas [454]

           I.  Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the
               Composition of the Appearances of a Cosmic Whole [455]
          II.  Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of
               Division of a Whole given in Intuition [459]
               Concluding Note and Preliminary Observation [461]
         III.  Solution of the Cosmological Idea of Totality in the
               Derivation of Cosmical Events from their Causes [464]
               Possibility of Causality through Freedom [467]
               Explanation of the Cosmological Idea of Freedom [469]
          IV.  Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the
               Dependence of Appearances as regards their Existence
               in general [479]
               Concluding Note on the whole Antinomy of Pure Reason [483]

  Chapter III.  The Ideal of Pure Reason [485]

    Section 1.  The Ideal in general [485]
    Section 2.  The Transcendental Ideal [487]
    Section 3.  The Arguments of Speculative Reason in Proof
                of the Existence of a Supreme Being [495]
    Section 4.  The Impossibility of an Ontological Proof of
                the Existence of God [500]
    Section 5.  The Impossibility of a Cosmological Proof
                of the Existence of God [507]
                Discovery and Explanation of the Dialectical Illusion in
                all Transcendental Proofs of the Existence of a Necessary
                Being [514]
    Section 6.  The Impossibility of the Physico-theological Proof[518]
    Section 7.  Critique of all Theology based upon
                Speculative Principles of Reason [525]

  Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic [532]
          The Regulative Employment of the Ideas of Pure Reason [532]
          The Final Purpose of the Natural Dialectic of Human Reason [549]



II.  TRANSCENDENTAL  DOCTRINE  OF  METHOD

  Introduction [573]

  Chapter I.  The Discipline of Pure Reason [574]

    Section 1.  The Discipline of Pure Reason in its Dogmatic
                Employment [576]
    Section 2.  The Discipline of Pure Reason in respect of its
                Polemical Employment [593]
                Impossibility of a Sceptical Satisfaction of the Pure
                Reason that is in Conflict with itself [605]
    Section 3.  The Discipline of Pure Reason in respect of
                Hypotheses [612]
    Section 4.  The Discipline of Pure Reason in respect of its Proofs [621]

  Chapter II.  The Canon of Pure Reason [629]

    Section 1.  The Ultimate End of the Pure Employment
                of our Reason [630]
    Section 2.  The Ideal of the Highest Good, as a Determining
                Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure Reason [635]
    Section 3.  Opining, Knowing, and Believing [645]

  Chapter III.  The Architectonic of Pure Reason [653]

  Chapter IV.  The History of Pure Reason [666]

Index :replaced in this electronic edition by our searchable index

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