The T-80UD MBT armament includes a
125mm gun, 7.62mm coaxial machine gun and 12.7mm anti-aircraft
machine gun. The tank crew is also equipped with sub-machine guns,
hand grenades and a signal pistol.
The main armament comprises a 125mm KBA3 smoothbore gun fed by a carousel-type automatic
loader and fitted with a thermal sleeve and fume extractor (bore evacuator). The main gun has a quick-replacement barrel
which can be changed under field conditions without the need to remove the gun from the tank.
The number of rounds that T-80UD
could carry is 45 two-piece rounds (projectile and charge), of which
28 rounds are placed in the automatic loader, with the remainder
being stored at the driver's station and in the fighting
compartment. Types of ammunition that can be fired by the gun
include APFSDS (armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding sabot),
HEAT (high explosive anti-tank), HE-FRAG (high explosive
fragmentation) rounds and laser beam-riding guided missiles.
The specific feature of the tank is that it is fitted with a guided missile system to enable the
main gun to fire a laser guided missile with a maximum range of 5,000 m. The missile consists of two
parts. The first part includes a pusher and an equipment compartment
with control surface device. The second part includes a sustainer
engine and a tandem warhead. Both parts are stowed in the automatic loader in the same way as conventional ammunition.The
two parts get united into one body in the gun bore at the moment of
firing.
The missile can be fired while both the tank and target are moving. The
tandem
warhead enables the missile to defeat targets fitted with explosive reactive
armour with a high degree of efficiency.
Although the primary role of the missile is to engage battle tanks operating at ranges beyond the effective range of the 125mm tank gun firing conventional ammunition, it can also be fired against other battlefield targets such as hovering helicopters and pillboxes.
The coaxial machine gun can be aimed
and fired from either gunner's or commander's station.
The anti-aircraft machine gun is mounted on the commander's
cupola and is intended for use in the ground/air and ground/ground
roles being aimed and fired while remaining in the vehicle under
full armour protection from the commander's station. The machine gun
can be elevated from -5° to +70° and traversed through +/-75° to
the right and left of the vehicle longitudinal axis, or through +360°
together with the tank turret. The machine gun is fitted with a
vertical stabilisation system providing stabilisation in the
vertical angle range of -3° to +20°.
The T-80UD is fitted with an advanced fire control system, and either the gunner or commander can lay and fire the main armament at stationary and moving targets while the tank is stationary or moving with a high first round hit probability.
The fire control system comprises a gunner's 1G46 day sight, gunner's
TO1-KO1E night vision system, commander's PNK-4S observation
and sighting system, PZU-7 anti-aircraft sight, 1ETs29 anti-aircraft
machine gun mount control system, 1V528-1 ballistic computer with input information sensors,
2E42 armament stabiliser and other devices.
The gunner's 1G46 day sight has a two-axis stabilised
line of sight and incorporates a laser range-finder and a missile guidance capability.
In the standard version the gunner has a TO1-KO1E
sighting system with TPN-4E image intensification sight, but as an option, the Buran-Catherine-E thermal imaging sight can be fitted.
The commander's PNK-4S observation and sighting system comprises
a commander's TKN-4S combined day/night sight and a gun position sensor. The
commander's TKN-4S combined sight is stabilised in the vertical plane and has three channels: a day unity vision channel, a day channel with magnification of
x8 and a night channel with magnification of 5.4x. A simple switch enables the commander to change from
the daylight channel to the night (image intensification) channel and back
again.
The commander's anti-aircraft sight enables the commander to engage air targets by using the anti-aircraft machine gun from within the safety of the turret.
In order to calculate ballistic corrections, the 1V528-1 ballistic computer
automatically takes into account all the inputs from the sensors including tank speed,
angular target speed, gun trunnion axis cant, crosswind speed, target range, and
course angle. Additionally, the following parameters are manually input: ambient
air temperature, charge temperature, barrel wear ambient air pressure and so on.
The computer also computes the time when the high-explosive fragmentation projectile
with controlled detonation should be detonated over the target.
The fire control system has a so-called fire gating capability, i.e., after the gun firing button has been pushed, the gun will only fire when the
misalignment between the line of sight and the gun bore axis is within
pre-determined limits. The fire gate size is adjusted when
calibrating the fire control system after installing it in the tank.
To enable a broad sector of terrain to be observed, the crew members are provided with unity magnification periscope vision blocks.
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