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Visualization of the Coriolis and centrifugal forces

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Ajoutée par le 29 déc. 2007

This clip demonstrates the effects of the Coriolis and Centrifugal forces, by viewing various scenes from both rotating and stationary cameras. (The Coriolis force is also known as the Coriolis effect).

Please contact me if you would like a stand-alone high-quality wmv file
for academic purposes.

The first example shows a cannon fixed to a rotating disc. The cannonballs
fly in straight lines since once shot no force acts on them. When
this scene is viewed from the disc's frame of reference (i.e., as would
be seen by a viewer that stands on the disc) the cannonballs seem to
fly in a curved path. This demonstrates that in a rotating frame of reference
one must take into account the Coriolis and Centrifugal forces.
(Read more about them in Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_force,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_effect)

The second example shows a pendulum swinging over a rotating disc.
A pendulum swinging through a small angle approximates what is called "harmonic motion"
in which the ball is pulled to the center by a force proportional to
its distance to the center. In the pendulum, the string exerts a force
whose vertical component balances gravity and the horizontal component
(shown in the clip) causes the harmonic motion (approximately).
The disc and the pendulum has the same period,
meaning both complete a cycle at the same time.

When viewed from the disc's frame of reference the centrifugal and Coriolis
forces appear yet again. This time the centrifugal force balances
the string's horizontal component. This is because the centrifugal force is
also proportional to the distance from the center but pushing outward instead
of inward. The equal periods make the factor of proportion the same for both.
This leaves the Coriolis force alone to act on the ball. Since it is always
perpendicular to the object's path, this creates a perfectly circular path.

Finally, we decrease the pendulum's period to be 2/3 of the disc's period.
Now the centrifugal force no longer balances that of the string and the
motion becomes more complicated.

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Commentaires de l'utilisateur ayant mis en ligne la vidéo (udiprod)

  • In this case, v would be of constant magnitude in constant direction, and so would w, thus making a_cor a constant. Am I right, and are you thus using another frame of reference than the world frame, or am I wrong?

    I could really use some help on this, don't just tell me I'm wrong if I'm wrong, but please correct me if I'm wrong.

  • @HosteDenis In a non-rotating frame of reference, the w vector you mention would be zero so Coriolis force is also zero. Therefore Coriolis force only occurs in rotating frames of references. The video shows both: example 1 is first shown in the world (non-rotating) frame of reference, where no forces act on the balls, and then in the disc's (rotating) frame of reference, where Coriolis force bends their path. In example 2 also both frame of reference are shown (follow the titles)

  • doesn't the canon gives the cannonballs a beginning horizon speed?

  • @edansw The important thing is that the balls move in straight lines because no forces act on them. If the cannon was placed on the rim

    the balls would indeed have another component to their speed,

    causing this line to be slanted with respect to the cannon at the time

    the ball is fired, but it would still be straight. However, the cannon is in the middle so even this doesn't happen.

  • The centrifugal force like Coriolis force is an imaginary force. If you anaylze a system from a rotating frame of reference the usual physicals with its real forces such as the centripetal force will not suffice to explain what you see. Adding these two imaginary forces will fix that.

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  • The plate does not affect the pendulum. The video demostrates the differences between points of view. From a point of view fixed to the plate the plate seems stationary and everything else rotates.

    This effect causes the pendulum to do strange loops and arcs, as if moved by imaginary forces

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Tous les commentaires (135)

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  • @JSimm87 Haha I hope you're joking. How do you think orbit works?

  • @preparation88 Hah I can honestly say I've never seen a toilet bowl designed so that the water rotates! Maybe one day after we discover electricity or the wheel down here we can bask in the satisfaction of swirling toilet water!

  • 7 people could not understand this video and got frustrated lol

  • True story: I was in Australia in 1988, on a 3 day camping trip with a couple of seppoes, one was a paratrooper/green beret type. We got to discussing the 'toilet bowl' rotation subject (some of us didn't know you needed better conditions) and the seppo said: "gee, I flush the toilet in the Southern Hemisphere and I see no rotation at all" due to the different designs of common toilets down under.

    Not that it proves anything, but when the guy said, "America is a white country" we all just :)

  • dont the guys at the american sniper school practice this or something?

  • WoW!

    What an excellent graphic demonstration.

    As a teenager, I often though of my "spiro-graph" toy when trying to visualize these forces. But this video, especially the vector arrows from different references, makes it much more intuitive!

    Excellent work! This should be standard scholastic video curriculum!

  • At the Richmond Science Museum they have a massive pendulum that moves in the same spiral pattern that tells time by knocking down a peg every few minutes arranged in a circle. Nice to see a visualization of how coriolis does this, thanks.

  • Just so you know guys... centrifugal force and the coriolis effect are all a bunch of BS. They don't exist. Their fake.

  • thumbs up if this made u dizzy

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